IMAGE  EVALUATION 
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t 


1.0 


I.I 


25 


*"■  121 
u«  "" 

'    111— 
111^ 

1.4    Hi  1.6 


Photographic 

Sciences 

Corporation 


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WEBSTER,  N.V.  14580 

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CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHM/ICMH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  Microreproductions  /  Institut  canadien  de  microreproductions  historiques 


6"^ 


Technical  and  Sibliographic  Notes/Notes  techniques  ot  bibliographiques 


The  Institute  has  attempted  to  obtain  the  best 
original  copy  available  for  filming.  Features  of  this 
copy  which  may  be  bibliographically  unique, 
which  may  alter  any  of  the  images  in  the 
reproduction,  or  which  may  significantly  change 
the  usual  method  of  filming,  are  checked  below. 


L'Institut  a  microfilme  le  meilleur  wxemplaire 
qui!  lui  a  ete  possible  de  se  procurer    Les  details 
de  cet  exemplaire  qui  sont  peut  ^tre  uniques  du 
point  de  vue  bibliographique,  qui  peuvent  modifier 
une  image  reproduite,  ou  qui  peuvent  exiger  une 
modification  dans  !a  m^thode  normale  de  filmage 
sont  indiqu^s  ci  dessous 


□ 

□ 


Coloured  covers/ 
Couverture  de  couleur 

Covers  damaged/ 
Couverture  endommagee 

Covers  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Couvsrture  restaur^e  et/ou  pelliculee 

Cover  title  missing/ 

Le  titre  de  couverture  manque 


D 
D 
G 


Coloured  pages/ 
Pages  de  couleur 

Pages  damaged/ 
Pages  endommag6es 

Pages  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Pages  restaurees  et/ou  pelliculees 


rjt'  Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed/ 
[  X  !    Pages  decolorees,  tachetees  ou  piquees 


n 

D 
D 


Coloured  maps/ 

Cartes  geographiques  en  couleur 

Coloured  ink  (i  e   othe'  than  blue  or  black)/ 
Encre  de  couleur  lie.  autre  que  bleue  ou  noire) 

Coloured  plates  and/or  illustrations/ 
Planches  et/ou  illustrations  en  couleur 

Bound  with  other  material/ 
Relie  avec  d'autres  documents 


j      I  Pages  detached/ 

I I  Pages  detachees 

I       j  Showthrough/ 
I  Transparence 


D 
D 


Quality  of  print  varies/ 
Qualite  in6gale  de  I  impression 

Includes  supplementary  material/ 
Comprend  du  materiel  supplementaire 


n 


Tight  binding  may  cause  shadows  or  distortion 
along  interior  margin/ 

l.areliure  serree  peut  causer  de  I'ombre  ou  de  la 
distortion  le  long  de  la  marge  int6rieure 

Blank  leaves  added  during  restoration  may 
appear  within  the  text    Whenever  possible,  these 
have  been  omitted  from  filming/ 
II  se  peut  que  certaines  pages  blanches  ajout^es 
lors  dune  restauration  apparaissent  dans  le  texte, 
mais,  lorsque  cela  6tait  possible,  ces  pages  n'ont 
pas  ete  film6es. 


D 

D 


Only  edition  available/ 
Seule  Edition  disponible 

Pages  wholly  or  partially  obscured  by  errata 
slips,  tissues,  etc.,  have  been  refilmed  to 
ensure  the  best  possible  image/ 
Les  pages  totalement  ou  partiellement 
obscurcies  par  un  feuillet  d'errata,  une  pelure, 
etc  .  ont  ete  filmees  ^  nouveau  de  facon  a 
obtenir  la  meilleure  image  possible 


□ 


Additional  comments:/ 
Commentaires  suppiementaires; 


This  item  is  filmed  at  the  reduction  ratio  checked  below/ 

Ce  document  est  filme  au  taux  de  reduction  indique  ci-dessous. 

10X  14X  18X  22X 


26X 


30X 


V. 


12X 


16X 


20X 


24  X 


28X 


32  X 


Jh9  copy  filmHd  hero  has  boen  reproducod  thor.ks 
tr  the  generosity  of 

lihriiry  of  Conqress 
Photudiiphcation  Service 

The  images  appearing  here  are  the  host  quality 
possible  considering  the  condition  ;iiid  legibility 
of  the  original  copy  and  in  keeping  with  the 
filming  contract  specifications. 


L  oxiMnplairt!  filrtK^  tut  ropruduit  grai.e  t1  lu 
g6n^rosit^.-  de 

Library  of  LoiujrHSS 
Photoduplicition  Service 

Las  images  suivantos  ont  6X6  reproduites  .iv»n;  Ih 
plus  grand  soin    cornpte  tenu  d«  la  mndition  ot 
de  la  nettetft  de  iexentplaire  film6,  ot  en 
conformity  dvoc  les  conditions  du  c.ontrat  de 
filnuige. 


Original  copies  in  printed  paper  covers  are  filmed 
beginning  with  tha  front  cover  and  ending  on 
the  last  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres 
sioii,  ot  the  back  cover  when  appropriate    All 
other  original  copies  are  filmed  beginning  on  the 
first  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres 
sion,  and  ending  on  the  last  page  with  a  printed 
or  illustrated  impression. 


Les  exemplaires  originaux  dont  la  couverturo  en 
papier  est  imprim<^tt  sont  film6s  en  commencanr 
par  le  premier  plat  et  on  lerminant  soil  par  la 
derni^re  page  qui  comporte  une  ompreinte 
dimpression  ou  d'illustration,  soit  par  le  second 
plat,  selon  le  cas    Tous  les  autres  exemplaires 
originaux  sont  film6s  en  commencant  par  la 
premiere  page  qui  comporte  une  ompreinte 
dimpression  ou  d'illustration  et  en  terminant  par 
la  derni^re  page  qui  comporte  une  telle 
empreinte. 


The  last  recorded  frame  on  each  microfiche 
shall  contain  the  symbol  — ••  (meaning     CON 
TINUED  "),  or  the  symbol  V  (meaning     END  "I, 
whichever  applies. 

Maps,  plates,  charts,  etc.,  may  be  filmed  at 
different  reduction  ratios    Those  too  large  to  be 
entirely  included  in  one  exposure  are  filmed 
beginning  in  the  upper  left  hand  corner,  left  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  as  many  frames  as 
required.  The  following  diagrams  illustrate  the 
method; 


U.I  des  symboles  suivants  apparaitra  sur  la 
derni^re  image  de  chaquc  microfiche,  selon  le 
cas;  le  symbole  — »■  signifie     A  SUIVRE",  le 
symbole  V  signifie     FIN   . 

L*js  cartes,  planches,  tableaux,  etc  ,  peuvent  etre 
film6s  ^  des  taux  de  reduction  diff6rents. 
Lorsque  le  document  est  trop  grand  pour  etre 
reproduit  en  un  seul  cliche,  il  est  film6  d  partir 
de  Tangle  sup6rieur  gauche    de  gauche  d  droite, 
et  lie  haut  en  bas,  en  prenant  le  nombre 
d  images  necessaire    Les  diagrammes  suivants 
illustrent  la  m^thode. 


t 

2 

3 

4 : 

» 

6 

«« 


PERILS 


or  fm 


OCEAN    AND    WILDKUSESS: 


Olt 


U;irr;itibcs  of  ,flni)l\)rtch  iwds  3!»^i^"  Ciiptilntij. 


OLKANED  FUOM    VMilX   MISSION AUY  ANNAU 


JOHN     UII.MAIIV     >HEA, 

AVTiioK  or  TiiK  "nt«covt.i;v  and  vximhiiticis  or  Tin  uiiaiaiim«* 

••IIIHTOIIY    UK    TUB     CAMli.l.lc:     MUMDMS,"     "  SCIIOOI. 
IlltlUUr  UV  1I1K   IMIli:!)   urATIlA,"  ETC. 


BOSTON: 
PATRICK    DONAHUE. 


■  ii-  Ti-i-rff  'Till- 


^^ 


7 


O  O  N  T  K  N  T  S , 


OlIAITEU  I. 


PAoa. 


The  Hhlpwrook  of  Fivllior  Cbarlcn  Uliiraunt,  F»tliiT  I'lilllbcrt  Nny- 
rot|  of  tUu  Huolsty  uf  Juiun,  nuil  uthuri,  uUT  Cuito  Urtton.        .        •         t 

ClIAPTUK  II. 

Captivity  of  Futhcr  laoM  Joguai,  uf  the  .Society  uf  Jottw,  ktnong 
tbo  Mubtwki.  •        •        •       •        •        14 

CHAPTER  Iir. 
Osptlvlty  tnil  Joktb  uf  Rono  Quupll,  .       .       .       •       •       •       K 

CHAPTER  IV. 
DoBtb  of  Futhvr  Juguiit M 

CHAPTF.R  V.  ♦ 

Oiptlvity  of  Ftttbor  Francis  Jo»opb  UrcMunl,  of  the  Sooiety  of  Je«u».       104 

CHAPTER   VI. 

VuyKgca  and  Bbipnrccka  of  Fatbor  Eiomanuol  Crcspul,  Reoolloot  of 
the  urdor  of  St.  Fraucla.  •••#••••        131 


IMIMFACK. 


No  workn  (uo  more  popiilnr,  or  j^imk'IhII y  vviu], 
(liiiii  lli(i.st>  (IcMciihiiijx  till'  pt'iils  l»y  Hi'U  iiti'l  IuikI, 
tlii'oii'fli  wliicli  tli»>  wiiti'iH  liMV(!  piisycd ;  atul 
oiif  work  of  liclioii,  the  Ilohiiison  (Vii^im'  dI* 
Di'l'oi',  will  cvci'  lie  11  ('uv(»ril(«  fVom  itM  ii|ipai«'iit 
rciility,  it'*  ciidiliiiiiitioM  orpiM'ils  Irotn  HJiipunM^k 
lunl  p(*ril.(  from  tliu  Imrliiirous  huviij^c,  whirli  iIk^ 
iiiiii;,'itiaiy  Imto  rccoiirjt^*. 

No  (iofi(»u  can  <'(pial  tli(!  \vn\  MiifTt'iIn^H  of 
I'vci'v  kind  ciidiinMl  l»v  llio  ciirlv  iiiissiuiiarics  to 
tliis  coiititry.  liiko  Sriiit  I'aiil,  tlicy  iniglit 
iiidi'i'd  Npcak  of  tijuir  \)v\'\U — pviils  l»y  sen, 
j)i>iil.x  liy  land,  jxM'ils  IVotn  lobljorn,  perils  IVom 
IuImc  hrctint'n.  ]''ortunatoly  lor  our  I'dilication, 
many  of  tli(Mn  leCt  niirnitivos  oC  their  advon- 
tiU'CM,  and  some  of  tlu'se,  we  liav*;  }:,atlit'red  in 
this  volume  IVom  various  K)nr('es,  whi(di  wo 
mijiht  call  ori;^'inal.  They  comprise  lather 
Charles  Laleinant's  narrative  of  his  shipwre(;k  oft' 
Cape  Iheton,  taken  fron^the  Voyages  tic  Chani' 


t1.  p  II  r,r  a  CI. 

jilalit,  |iuli|!<«lii>rl  i\\  PiirN  ill  10.12;  tint  tmrnitlvn 
ol*  I'iiIImt  Ji»mu'V  raptivity,  tiikfii  fnuii  a  Hwurii 
«opy,  prt'Hcrvi'il  ut  Montri'iil,  iiimI  lnim  titiit 
priiitiMl  ill  tlio  SiH'leluH  MilihmH  ol'  Tiiiimi"  llm 
ciiptivity  ami  drutli  nl'  Itiiic  (imipil  I'miu  lint 
iiiitcij^nipli  cil"  llin  niiiityri'il  .In^ufM;  l.ittriH  ol' 
Kiitlirr  .loj(iH'H  I'lotii  lliii  It'tlnllniiH  ill'  In  Ximi'ille 
Friniri\  iiikI  Hvvorn  ropi»>H;  tin*  niptivity  of  I'liflifr 
1ti'<>sMiuii,  froiii  liJH  work  ///v/y  livlnHinii\\n\\\\\A\vt\ 
ut  Muri'liitii,  ill  Mi.Vl;  iukI  tlt<>  tliiilliri^  in«'oimt 
^ivi'ii  l»y  I'litlier  (,'r«!f«p«'l  ol'  his  hhipwrrrU  on 
AnticoHti,  hfiiij^  tlm  wliolt<  of  tin-  lilllr  vojiitm! 
publi.^iiud  liy  liiia  at  i'miiUrort,  MaiiH!,  iu  ITlIi. 


Now  Yorlt,  AfinlviT'iry  "f  'Im  di'iitli 
of  Ktt'iiir  Ji)t(ii«i<,  IH.V), 


\ 


•I 


I  '■ 


.loll.N  (llhMATlY  SlIHA. 


f  snEA. 


Ht  imrrulivn 

i»iii  ii  nworn 

riotii    tliut 

iiiiiH-r"  iIm" 

il    riuiii  lli<f 

Lfttt'lM    of 
•    Al  Xniii'illtl 

\y  iA'  I'litlnr 
I/*,  piiltliMliiil 
iiti^  lU'cuiiiit 
ipvVl'rrU  oil 
lull'  voliiiitu 
f,  in  1711 


• 


;^ciils  of  tbc  (Orcan  ;uii  uOlilicvucss. 


I 


PERILS 


or   T II I 


OCEAN    AND     WILDERNESS. 


CHAPTER   I. 

TUE  SinPWKECK  OF  KATIli-n  (  JIAItl.KS  I.A'.KMANT,  rlllMBKRT  NOYUoP 
ASl)  OTIIi;itS,  I>F1'  CAl'i:  llltKIUN. 

TnK  writtT  of  the  followin;;  letter  wiis  uno  of  the  most  eniiriLiit 
of  the  furly  Jesuit  missioiviries  iii  Canada,  wheru  several  others 
of  his  family  were  (listinRDi-Jicil,  ami  one,  the  illusiiious  Fatlu-r 
Ciabriel  Lalemunt,  died  a  martyr  to  his  zeal  for  the  conversion  of  tho 
Indians. 

Father  Charles  Lalemnnt,  a  son  of  the  Sieur  f/ilemant,  hicnlinnnt 
Crhiiind  of  Paris,  was  horn  in  that  city  in  i.'iST.  He  entered  thu 
Society  of  Jesus  at  the  a^e  of  twenty,  and  was  soon  followed  hy  hi^ 
two  lirothers,  Jerome  and  T.ouis,  the  latter  a  celehrated  a-cetieal 
author.  Father  Charlis  was  one  of  the  missionaries  at  the  colony 
of  St.  Savior's,  on  Mount  Desert  Island,  in  Maine,  in  lOlJJ,  and  was 
there  taken  jjnsoner.  He  was  subse(iueiitly  lU'ctor  of  the  ('i)lle;,'e  at 
I'aiii,  liut  was  an  lin  sent  to  Canada,  in  W2').  Two  years  afterwards 
he  returned  to  France  for  suiijilies,  but,  mi  reachini;  the  mouth  of 
the  St.  J/.iwrence,  in  the  summer  of  lOL'it,  the  e.iptain  learned  that 
Queliec  had  been  taken  by  the  En>;li>h.  In  endeavorinj<  to  sail  l)ack, 
tlie  vessel  was  lost.  I'alher  Lalemant  thus  describes  the  shipwreck, 
in  a  letter  to  his  Sujjerior.  We  translate  from  the  French,  as  pul)- 
lished  by  the  illustrious  Champlain,  in  the  edition  of  his  voyages 
which  appeared  at  Paris  in  1032. 


-k- 


10 


P  BUI  1.8     Ol'      lllB 


<(  ( ' 


Mrrrr.R. 

.. '  The  T,ora  cl.astising  has  chiiMisr.l  mo  ;  h.it  h<-  hath 
not  <l.-livcr(Ml  m.  ovr  to  ,l..ah."'-(rsahns  cxviu  IM.) 
A  ,.h.stls.-.,unt  tlu..   more,  sevorc,  as   the  shipwrcrk  has 
l„.ou  att.-.ulcl  hy  the  d.-ath  of  the  llcv.  Father  I'h.hhert 
Noyrot,  uiul  of  our  hrotlior,  Loui.  >Ial..t.two  men  ^vho 
^vouhl,  it  seems  to  me,  have  h-eu  of  gieat  servi.  e  to  our 
Heminarv.     Yet,  as  (iod  has  so  dispox.!.  ue  must  seek 
consolation  in  his  holy  vlll,  out  of  vhieh   there  n.ver 
v,s  a  solid  or  contented  mind,  and  I  am  sure  that  expe- 
rience has  shown  your  reverence  that  the  hitterness  o 
our   sorrows,  steepc.l  in   the  sweetness   of  (iodsgood 
Vleasur<>,  when   a  soul  hinds   itself  indissoluhly  to  that, 
loses  all  or  nu.st  of  its  gall,  or,  if  some  sighs  yet  remain 
for  past  or   present  alilictions,  it  is  only  to  aspire  the 
iDore  for    heaven,  and   meritoriously    perfect   that  con- 
fornuty  in  which  the  soul  has  resolved  to  spend  the  rest 

of  its  davs.  .        .     .1      i  • 

«<  Of  the  four  members  of  our  Society  in  the  ship, 
God.  dividing  ciually,  has  taken  two  and  left  the  two 
others.  These  two  good  religious,  well  disposed  and 
resigned  to  death,  will  serve  as  victims  to  appease  God  s 
>vrath  justly  excited  against  ns  for  our  faults,  and  to 
render  his   goodness  favorable  henceforth  to  the  success 

of  our  designs.  _ 

"  What  destroyed  our  vessel  was  a  violent  south- 
.vester,  which  arose  when  we  were  off  the  coast  ;  it  was 
60  impetuous  that,  with  all  the  care  and  diligence  of  our 
captain  and  crew,  with  all  the  vows  and  prayers  ^vh  ;h 
we  could  offer  to  avert  the  blow,  ve  could  not  avoid 


.i- 


OCEAN     AND     WI  LDEIIN  E8  S. 


11 


;  ])iit  he  liiitU 
\H  cxvii.  IM.j 
liipwrcck  has 
her  rhililu'it 
,wo  men  who 
service  to  our 
vvc  iniiht  strk 
thi'ru  novcr 
uetliat  cxpc- 
!  liitterncss  of 
f  (iod's  good 
)lul)ly  to  that, 
hs  yet  rcniaui 
to  aspire  the 
feet  that  con- 
spend  the  rest 

ty  in  the  ship, 
1  left  the  two 
disposed,  and 
appease  Ciod's 
faults,  and  to 
to  tho  success 

violent  south- 
3  coast ;  it  was 
liligence  of  our 
prayers  wh'";h 
jould  not  avoid 


being  driven  on  tho  rocks,  on  tho  2Gth  day  after  our 
departu*,  feast  of  St.  Bartholomew,  ahout  9  o'clock  in 
tho  evening.  Of.  twenty-four  that  were  in  th«  vessel, 
only  ten  escaped ;  tho  rest  were  engulphcd  in  the  waves. 
Father  Noyrot's  two  nephews  shared  their  uncle's  fate. 
We  interred  tho  bodies  of  several,  among  others,  of 
Father  Noyrot  and  Brother  Louis.  Of  seven  others, 
we  have  had  no  tidings  in  spite  of  all  our  search. 

"  To  tell  you  how  Father  Vicuxport  and  I  escaped, 
would  bo  difficult,  and  I  believe  that  God  alone  knows, 
who,  according  to  the  designs  of  liis  divine  providence, 
has  prcEcrved  us ;  for,  for  my  own  part,  not  deeming  it 
possible,  humanly  speaking,  to  avoid  the  dangers,  I  had 
resolved  to  stay  in  the  cabin  with  Brother  Louis,  pre- 
paring ourselves  to  receive  the  death  stroke,  which  could 
not  be  delayed  over  three  Misereres,  when  I  heard  some 
one  calling  me  on  deck.  Supposing  that  my  assistance 
was  needed,  I  ran  up  and  found  that  it  was  Father  Noy- 
rot, who  asked  me  to  give  him  absolution.  After  giv- 
ing it,  and  singing  the  Salve  Regina  with  him,  I  had 
to  s  on  deck ;  for  there  was  no  way  to  get  below  ; 
for  the  sea  was  so  high  and  the  wind  so  furious,  that,  in 
less  than  a  moment,  the  side  on  the  rock  went  to  pieces. 
I  was  close  by  Father  Noyrot  when  a  wave  broke  so 
impetuously  against  the  side  where  we  were  standing, 
that  it  dashed  it  to  pieces,  and  separated  me  from  Father 
Noyrot,  from  whose  lips  I  heard  these  last  words : 
'  Into  thy  hands  I  commend  my  spirit.'  For  my  own 
part,  this  same  wave  left  me  struggling  jxmid  four  frag- 
ments of  the  wreck,  two  of  which  struck  me  so  violently 
on  the  chest,  and  the  other  two  on  the  back,  that  I  ex- 
pected to  be  killed  before  sinking  forever ;  but,  just 


lie 


r  K  III  r,  s    ()  r    t  ii  k 


i 


tlioii,  anotluT  Wiivr  <liHciif,'ii,i,'r(l  rnc  from  iIk;  ri;if,MntMilH, 
Hwci'imi^'  oil"  my  (ii|)  ami  slii)l)<'is,  and  HCattdrcA  tlio  n.'st 
of  tll(!  Kliip  <iv(!r  til-  sea.  1  fcirtiiiiatfly  fell  <m  a  plank 
to  wliicli  I  clinif,' ;  it  was  conriccttd  witli  the  rest  ni'tht? 
bide  of  the  slii]).  'I'Ikmc  wt-  wcic  thru  at  tli«;  iditi  y  of 
tho  waves,  wliidi  did  not  spare  us,  rising  1  cannot  tell 
lu)W  many  feot  above  our  heads,  and  then  hrcakin-^'  over 
us.  After  iloatiuf,'  thus  a  long  while  in  the  dark,  fur 
iiiKht  had  set  in.  1  perceived,  on  lo(.kini<  around  me, 
that  I  was  near  the  shore  of  what  secnud  to  he  au 
island,  whicli  almost  surrounded  us,  and  was  coverctd 
■with  hrand)les.  Looking  a  litllo  mr)n'  attentively,  I 
madi;  out  isix  persons  not  far  from  nu-,  two  of  whom 
perceiving  nu;,  urged  me  to  do  my  hest  to  join  them  ; 
this  was  not  easy,  for  I  was  greatly  enfeeiiled  hy  the 
hlows  1  had  rcct'ived  from  the  fragments  of  the  wreck.  I 
exerted  myself,  however,  so  much  that,  hy  the  help  of 
my  idanks,  I  at  last  reached  them,  and  hy  their  aid  got 
on  the  mainmast,  which  was  still  fast  to  part  of  the  shij). 
I  was  not  here  long  ;  for,  as  we  got  nearer  the  island, 
our  sailors  quickly  got  ashore,  and,  by  their  lielp,  all 
the  rest  of  us  wc-re  soon  there.  There  we  were,  seven 
in  all ;  I  had  no  hat  or  shoes  ;  my  cassock  and  clothes 
all  torn,  and  my  body  so  bruised  that  I  could  scarcely 
stand  ui),  and,  in  fact,  they  ha:l  'o  support  me  to  en- 
able me  to  reach  the  wood.  I  had  two  severe  contu- 
sions on  the  legs,  especially  the  right  one,  which  is 
Htill  painful ;  my  hands  cloven  open  and  bruised ;  my 
hip  torn,  and  my  chest  much  injured.  We  now  re- 
tired to  the  wood  wet  as  we  came  from  the  sea.  Our 
first  care  was  to  thank  God  for  preserving  us,  and  to 
pray  for  those  who  were  lost.     That  done,  we  lay  down 


OCKAN      AND     W  I  I.DKIIXKHH, 


1.1 


tin;  ri;if,MiifMits, 

'lltt(!ll(4.  tllC    ICNt 

1(11   nil  II  pliilik 

I  flic  rcNt,  of  t!i(! 
iit  tli<;  nifrcy  of 
Iff   1  runiKtt  l(.'!l 

II  lirciikiii;,'  over 
ill  the  (lark,  for 
iif^  iirniiinl  iiic, 
■iiu.'d  to  1)0  all 
d  was  covoicd 
I!  attentively.  I 
',  two  of  w  liom 

to  join  them  ; 
iifeei)led  liy  llic 
of  the  wr(;ck.    I 

liy  the  lielp  of 
l)y  their  aid  got 
part  of  the  ship. 
;;arer  the  island, 

their  help,  all 
we  were,  seven 
oc'k  and  clothes 
[  conld  scarcely 
pport  me  to  en- 
o  severe  contii- 
;  one,  which  is 
ud  hruisod ;  my 
We  now  re- 
a  the  sea.  Our 
•ving  lis,  and  to 
ae,  we  hvy  down 


close  hy  fiii'h  other  in  onlii  lo  try  ami  k' '  waim, 
but  tlie  ^noiind  ami  the  -,nass,  still  wet  with  tL<' hcivy 
rain,  was  not  nm(  h  fitted  to  dry  us.  Thus  we  spent  the 
rest  of  the  ni^ht,  during,'  whi'li  I'atln  r  \'i(u.\port, 
who,  thank  (Jod,  was  unhurl,  slept  well.  The  ii»\t 
m<nhinK,  at  daybreak,  A\e  li(<,Mn  to  c.Namiiic  the  spot 
wher(!  we  were,  and  foiunl  it.  to  he  an  i^luid  from 
which  we  could  pass  to  the  main  land.  On  the  shore 
W(!  found  many  things  that  tlu;  sea  had  throun  up  ; 
among  which  I  jjicki-d  uj)  two  shoes,  a  cap,  hat,  caisock, 
and  other  necessary  articles.  Al)0\e  all,  J'rovirlcm  e 
sent  us,  in  our  want,  five  kegs  of  wine,  ten  plc(  es  of 
pork,  oil,  bread,  cheese,  and'a  gun  and  jMiwdir,  whi.  h 
enabled  us  to  strike  a  lire;.  After  we  hail  fiiu.s  galhmcd 
all  we  could,  on  St.  Louis'  day.  all  set  to  work  to  do 
their  best  to  build  a  boat  out  of  fragments  of  the  wreck, 
in  which  to  coast  along  till  we  found  a  lishing-smack. 
We  set  to  M-ork  with  the  wretched  tools  w(!  found,  and 
it  was  pretty  well  advanced  on  the  fourth  day,  wlfii  wc 
])erceiv(  (1  a  craft  sailing  towards  the  sjjot  whcio  we 
were.  They  took  on  board  one  of  our  sailors,  who 
swam  out  near  to  where  they  w(.'io  pas>iiig,  and  took 
him  to  tlieir  captain.  That  worthy  man,  hearing  of  our 
misfortunes,  let  down  his  boat,  and  came  ashore  to  offer 
us  a  passage.  "We  were  thus  saved  ;  for,  the  next  day, 
wc  all  slept  on  board.  It  was  a  Basque  vessel,  fishing 
about  a  league  and  a  half  from  the  rock  where  we  struck, 
and,  as  tlieir  fishing  season  was  far  fiom  being  gone, 
wc  stayed  with  them  the  rest  of  August  and  all  the 
month  of  September.  On  the  first  of  October,  an  In- 
dian came  to  tell  the  captain  that,  if  he  did  not  sail,  he 
ran  a  risk  of  being  taken  by  the   English.     This  news 


.jk... 


*♦ 


I 


II 


li 


V  Kll  I  I.H      OK      I  11  K 


niu(1»!  lilm  j-'ivo  iip  his   fiHl.iii^,    and    pniiiiio    for    tlio 
voyage  lu).u.«.     'l'lu.«    sail..;    IiHliiiii  t..l(l    us  that  Cal.faiii 
IXmUa  was   building'   a   houho   iMcnty-ILvc.  luaKUiH  ..H', 
and  had  hoino  l-M-iulmicn  thiic  with  <.iio  ol  our  lathcrn. 
Father  Viouxport   had  ahoady  i)r(>Md   in.;  very  liard  to 
h-t  him  stay  w"    •  this  liuUan,  who  waH  really  onu  td  iho 
hcst    that   couUl   he  found.     1  now   toUl   him,    "Here, 
father,  \»  a  means  of  Hatisfying  your  reverence.     Father 
Vimont  will  not  bo  sorry  to  have  a  companion.     'l'hi« 
Indian  olfors  to  take  you  to  Daiiiel'a  phuc  ;  if  you  wisli 
to   stay   there,   you   may  ;   if  you  wish  to  spend  a  few 
months  with  the  Indians  and   learn   the   language,   yoii 
may  do    so,   and   both    Father  Vimont   and  yourself 
will  bo  satisfied."     The  good  father  wivs  quite  delighted 
at  •the  opportunity,  and  set  off  in  the  Indian's  canoe.     I 
let  him  have  all  wc  had  saved,   except  the  large  paint- 
ing  which  our  Bascjue  captain  had  taken,  and  which  I 
would  have  made  him  give  up,  if  another  disaster  had 
not  belallcn  us.     Wo  left  the  coast  on  tho   sixth  of 
October,  and  after  more  violent  storms  than  1  had  yet 
ever  seen,  on  the  fortieth  day  of  our  voyage,  as  wc  were 
entering  a  port  near  San  Sebastian  in  Spain,  we  were  a 
second  time  wrecked.     Tlin  vessel  went  into  a  thousand 
pieces,  and  all  the  fish  was  lost.     All  that  I  could  do 
was  to  get  into  a  boat  in  slippers  and  nightcap  as  I  was, 
and,  in  that  guise,  go  to  our  Father's  at  San  Sebastim. 
I  left  there  a  week  after,  and,  on  the  SOth  of  the  pres 
ent  month,  reached  Bourdevac,  near  Bordeaux. 

«*  Such  was  the  issue  of  our  voyajo,  by  which  you  may 
see  how  great  reason  we  have  to  be  ihankful  to  God. 

Charles  La  tmant,  S.  J. 

Bordeaux,  November  22,  1629." 


OCKAN      AND     WIl.DKUNESS. 


15 


jiiiii!    for    tlin 
t  that  (Jiipfaiu 
L-    loafj;inH  oil', 
r)l  our  lutliorH. 
I!  very  liartl  to 
illy  out;  of  iho 
him,    "lion;, 
L'nct'.      i'uther 
])!inion.     TluH 
;  ;  if  you  wish 
o  hpeiul  a  few 
language,  you 
and  yourself 
juitc  delighted 
ian'H  canoe.     I 
0  largo  paint- 
n,  and  which  I 
Br  disaster  had 
n  the   sixth  of 
than  1  had  yet 
go,  as  we  were 
)ain,  wc  were  a 
into  a  thousand 
that  I  could  do 
htcap  as  I  was, 
San  Sebastian. 
Ith  of  the  pres 
dcaux. 

which  you  may 
kful  to  God. 

FMANT,  S.  J. 


AUIiouuli  thiin  twice  wrcckrd,  nnd  nnre  a  \mmwt,  Fiithc-r  I<i»le- 
tnnnt  wiiK  not  to  bo  n'liiilxcd  from  tho  CiiniMU  mlNM'in.  Ho  cumo 
out  ix«:>in  ill  UKII,  ami  lirKfUi  his  |ir(ijcrl.'il  siliooi  at.  (im-liiT.  Al^cr 
iiltti)(lin(<   Cliiiniiliiiii    fill  his    liciilti-licij,    hi!    nlMriii'd  to    I'Viiiiri-, 

Olid  dit'd  at  till)  iiilviiMtfil  m-i-  of  ciK'liU-wvHi,  li:i\inx  I ii  siiccchh. 

tvi'ly  ririor  of  the  (.•cill(«cs  of  Urmcii,  I. a  Kli'clii-.atid  I'aris  and  hfiiitf, 
at  the  timo  of  hi^t  dciith,  Siipnior  of  tin-  rroffsscd  Homo  in  hii 
native  city.  Ik'sidrK  tht-  fori'K'oio;?  iiarritivo  of  hin  shiiiwicck,  ho 
wrote  a  Hclation  of  tint  first  Jesuit  iiiiBnion  to  (Janodn,  iiuhlisliid  in 
tlip  Mtrrure  fhinfaii,  aiui  "  Knlrttirn»  »ur  la  vie  cnrMt  dr.  Jmu 
Chn.it  ilitna  V  H\irhimiilir,"  a,  ni'W  edition  of  which  had  junt  licen 
puhliihed  in  France,  cdiU'd  by  Futhur  A.  Qidrea. 


I 


it 


PKUILI     OK      IKR 


cuArrKu  Ti. 

CAI'TIVITV  or  rATIII'.K  IKAAC  JOOI'KM  AMO.NIl  TIIR  ttOIIAWKII. 

Fatiii'.u  Isuiic  Jofjiics,  tlu!  writer  of  tlii)  fcillowin;? 
niinalivc,  wmh  horn  at  OiIchiih,  in  l'"iiin«c,  ni  KIOT,  and, 
emhmrin^  the  ruU?  of  St.  I;xniitinM,  hccanii!  a  mmihcr 
of  the  Society  of  .Ti-suh,  in  KllM.  Ahhon^h  a  ]wvt  iiiul 
Kcholiir,  ho  KOMfjlit  ii  fonif,'n  mission,  and  was  N<'nt  to 
(.'anada  Mxm  afur  his  oidination  in  1(};J(5.  After  a  short 
Htay  at  Miscon,  ho  proceeded  to  the  country  of  the 
AVendals  or  ilnrons,  in  I'jjper  (Jana<hi,  and  ronuiincd 
there  amid  every  privation  till  1(5I~,  when  he  was  ttent 
to  (Iu«'l<*''!  l)y  his  Superior  for  necessaries  of  '  arious 
kinds.  On  liis  return  voyaj^e,  ho  was  taken  prisoner, 
and  ho  thus  rchites  his  Huffcrings  in  a  letter  written 
from  Kens.salacrwick,  now  All)any,  to  the  I'rovincial  in 
France.  The  letter,  which  is  in  a  pure  and  classic  Latin, 
was  first  published  hy  Al t ;j;itmhf ,  in  his  Mortcs  Ilhisircx, 
and  Bubseciuently  by  Tanner,  in  his  Soc'utUH  Militiins, 
both  rare  works,  A  sworn  copy  of  the  original  letter 
is  preserved  at  Montreal  in  manuscript. 

nakuative. 

Reveuend  Father  in  Christ — ^tiie  Pe\ce  op 
Chui.st. — Wishing,  as  I  do,  to  write  to  your  reverence, 
I  hesitate  first  in  which  language  to  address  you,  for, 
a*"*  "•  such  long  disuse,  almost  equally  forgetful  of  both, 
I  find  equal  difficulty  in  each.     Two  reasons,  however, 


MIAN     ANI>     Wl  r.DF.  RNKflH. 


17 


lin  MOIIAWKII. 

tlio  followiii;^ 
',  in  l(i()7,  ami, 
,inn>  a  mcmlxT 
ii^li  a  jxict  and 
nd  was  sent  to 
AlU'f  a  ^ll0^t 
coimtiy  of  tluj 
,  and  n'niaiiH'(l 
It'll  ho  was  hcnt 
lies  of  '  arioiis 
taken  prisoner, 
I  letter  written 
ic  Provincial  in 
lid  classic  Latin, 
Morten  Ilhistrcx, 
cktax  MUlUinx, 
I  original  letter 


HE     Pe\CE    op 

your  reverence, 
klress  you,  for, 
irgetful  of  both, 
asons,  however, 


induco  mo  to  employ  the  lenn  rntnmon  idiom.  I  jdiall 
Im-  lietter  aldi?  to  uxe  the  wordii  of  Holy  Scripfnn',  whii  h 
\\\\\v  been,  at  all  timeN,  my  «'«''••«'''•  <oiiNolalion  :  '•  Amid 
the  tr'.'oiilafionH  which  havi-  found  uh  cNcccflinj^ly." — 
I'NalniM  .\lv.  Ji.  I  alno  wished  this  letter  to  Ix?  \v.hh 
open  to  all.  The  cxeeedin;^  charity  of  your  reverence, 
whii  h,  in  other  daVH,  overlooked  my  maiiifoM  tram** 
^re^sioiiH,  will  exciiM',  in  a  man  for  ei^ht  yeart  a  com- 
panion and  a)iHO(  iatf*  of  havaf^es,  nay,  a  Hava^e  now  hiiii- 
.self  in  foiin  and  diesN,  whatever  may  he  wantinj^  in 
decorum  or  eorrecliiesM.  1  feur  more  that,  wantiiij<  in 
language,  I  may  he  still  more  mo  in  knowledge,  "nor 
know  the  time  of  my  viNitafion,"  nor  lememher  what 
character  1  here  hear  imposed  on  me  hy  (iod  at*  u 
preaeher  of  his  gospel,  a  Josuit  .ind  a  priest.  This  in- 
duced me  to  write  to  your  reverence  that,  if  this  letter 
should  ever  reach  your  hands,  I  may,  though  lying 
here  in  this  hard  land,  amid  lro(piois  and  Maacpias, 
he  helped  hy  your  masses,  and  tli<!  prayers  of  your 
wh(de  province.  'I'his,  I  am  in  hopes,  will  l.<e  more 
earnestly  given,  wluin,  from  the  pi^rusal  of  this  lett<'r, 
vou  shall  see,  hoth  how  much  I  am  indebted  to  the 
Almighty,  and  in  what  need  1  am  of  the  prayers  of 
the  piouH,  in  which,  1  am  aware,  I  have  a  powerful 
shield. 

We  sailed  from  the  Huron  territory  on  the  1.3th  of 
June,  IC)  tli,  in  four  small  boats,  here  called  canoes  ;  we 
were  twenty-three  souls  in  all,  five  of  us  being  French. 
This  line  of  travel  is,  in  itselfj,  most  difficult  for  m«ny 
reasons,  and  especially  because,  in  no  less  than  forty 
places,  both  canoes  and  baggage  had  to  be  carried  by 
land  on  the  shoulders.     It  was  now  too  full  of  danger 


ii.N    or    rii  K 


I 
I 


from  iViir  ot  llii;  i-miiiv,  who,  i'\tiy  \<Mt,  '<y  1\  iti>^  in 
wiiit  «)H  tlio  mkmU  Jo  tlio  l''iviich  H'ttli'iiinitN,  tarty  olf 
muiiy  UN  pi'ixoni'rR  s  iiiul,  iii<l)'i'tl,  (''atlirr  Joliii  Hit'lirul' 
Wiw  all  but  taken  tint  >tMr  ImIoh'.  Ili-iilrH  tlii««,  imt 
lon^  hi'loic  thi  V  ciiriifd  oil'  two  l-'n  ii<  liiiuii,  Imt  alui- 
wukU  luoii^lit  tliciii  l)ai  k  to  tlirir  rouurix  men  tiii- 
hui'mcd,  (liMtiiiiuliii^  |M-iii'(<  on  inoNt  iiiijn«t  tormo,  nnd 
thvu  ruiuliK'lt'il  tlicm-clvi'!*  in  ii  von*  hoKtilc  nianntT,  mo 
tli;it  tlu'v  wt'iv  diivni  ofl'  liy  tin-  <iiiinon>)  of  tlic  fort. 
On  tlii^.tlu'V  ilrclaicil  lliaf,  if  tlicy  to(«k  iinollicr  I'lc-ni  ii- 
man  prinoni'i',  they  W()ul<l  torture  liini  n  nelly,  like  their 
other  captivuN,  nnd  Imm  him  ulivi,>  hy  ii  hIow  Ki'i<,  'Tho 
.Superior,  eonneiouf*  of  the  danKerN  I  wan  exposed  to  on 
th'  journey,  \\hith  wan,  hovvcxer,  ahtolutely  nei'e-.s;uy 
for  (iod's  ^,'lory,so  atNi^^ned  the  ta^tk  to  nie,  tli;it  I  niii^'lit 
decline  it  if  I  ehoso  ;  «•  I  «lid  not,  however,  rewiKt;  I  did  not 
go  buck  ;  "  (iHuiiiH  I.  '>  ;)  hut  willingly  nnl  cheerfully 
uceepted  fliift  mission  imposed  upon  me  hy  ohrilience 
nnd  ( harity.  Had  I  de(  lined  it,  it  would  havi!  fallen  tn 
unoflier,  fu'  more  worthy  tlian  myself. 

Having,  therefore,  h)os('d  tVom  St.  Mary's  of  the 
HuronM,  amid  ever- varying  fears  of  the  enemy,  dan- 
gers of  every  kind,  losses  hy  land  ami  water,  wo  at  last, 
on  the  thirtieth  day  after  oiu-  departure,  readied  in 
Hiifety  the  Conception  of  the  Illessed  N'lrgin.  This  is  a 
French  settlement  or  colony,  called  Three  Hi'ers,  from 
a  most  chiirniing  stream  near  it,  which  discharges  itself 
into  the  great  river  St.  riawrence,  hy  three  mouths. 
We  returned  hearty  thanks  to  (Jod,  and  remained  hero 
and  at  Quebec  about  two  weeks. 

The  business  which  had  brought  us,  having  been 
concluded,  we  celebrated  the  feast  of  our  holy  Father 


AN     AND     %Vll.nrRNRIIt» 


10 


iir,  \iy  \\  iiig  ill 
iiifiitN,  «iirry  olf 
'   •'oliii  Hit'lit'iif 

l'«i<ll'it    thin,   Jiot 

iiiii'ii,  liiit  unci- 
iiiiitiMnt'ii  iiii- 
in«r  tnii)'*,  iuiil 
utile  iiKiiiiit'i',  "11 
mi  i)\'  tlic  lorf. 
iiiotlicr  rifiit  h- 
iiclly,  likrtlirir 
hlow  Hit.     'I'lio 

H  I*.\p0<t('(l  to  oil 

liifcly  ncic'Hiiiy 
lie,  tliiit  I  init^lit 
,  reiiiNt;  I  did  not 
nnl  clit'cifiilly 
V  by  obcilifiui) 
d  liuv(.'  ftillcn  to 

Mary's  of  tlu; 
K'  ciicmy,  d.in- 
atcr,  «(•  at  last, 
lire,  readied  in 
igiii.  'I'liis  is  a 
fee  Riverst,  from 
diHchaigex  itself 

three  mouths. 
I  rcniuincd  hcio 

IS,  having  been 
)ur  holy  Father 


Igiiali;^,  and,  on  lh«  ureiuid  of  Aii)Xn»t,  wrrw  onc« 
niitri)  on  our  Wiiy  for  Ilitionta.  'I'liii  neeoiid  day  after 
our  depaifiire  li  »d  jii»t  dawned,  when,  by  the  e.iily 
li^h^,  Hoiiie  of  our  puty  diMoveu'd  be-.h  foot-piintH 
4111  the  khiiie.  \Vhih>  itonie  were  maintaining  that  they 
wurc  tlu»  trail  of  tlic  enemy,  otliern,  that  of  a  friendly 
jwrty,  r.iiNtaeo  Ahati«i»tari,  to  whom,  for  lii«  Kallaiit 
feal<<  of  .iiliiM,  all  \ieldrd  the  liiit  rank,  eNrlainied: 
••  lhufher^  I  be  they  the  bravest  of  the  foe,  for  kihIi  I 
judge  lluni  by  their  trail,  they  arn  no  more  than  three 
I'uuoeit,  nnd  we  number  enough  not  to  dread  nueh  ti 
handful  of  the  enemy."  We  wei<-,  in  lai  t,  forty,  for 
hiiiiie  other  had  joined  tin. 

We  i(iiiM'([iieiitly  iirgiil  on  oui  way,  but  had  neanely 
advaneed  ii  mile,  when  we  fell  into  an  ambiinh  of  thti 
enemy,  who  lay  in  two  divisions  on  the  opposite  baiiki* 
of  the  river,  to  the  nuinbir  of  ».eveiity  in  twelve  (  uikkh. 
Ah  soon  as  we  readied  the  hpot  w  liere  they  lay  in 
aiiiliush,  they  poured  in  a  volley  of  muskeliy  from  tho 
reeds  and  tall  graM,  where  they  lurketl.  Our  eanoen 
were  ridilleil,  but,  though  well  niipplied  with  liie-arir«*, 
they  killed  none,  one  Huron  only  being  shot  through 
t\\v  baud.  At  the  ^ir^t  report  of  the  lire-anus,  the 
lluroiiH,  almoht  to  ii  man,  abandoned 'the  eanoes,  wliieli, 
to  avoid  the  more  rapid  <  uireiit  of  the  eentro  of  the 
river,  were  atlvanciiig  dose  by  the  bank,  and  in  head- 
long Hight,  plunged  into  the  thi(ke>.t  of  the  woodn. 
Wo,  fi-ur  I'reiidiinen,  left  with  u  few,  either  already 
Christians,  or  at  least  CatcdiumeiiH,  ofl'ering  up  a  pruyor 
to  Christ,  faced  the  enenry.  Wc  were,  however,  out- 
numbered, being  scarcely  twelve  or  fourteen  against 
thirty;  yet  we  fought  on,  till  our  comrades,  seeing  fresh 


rKNii.a   or   tiii 


>  t 


•ut   from   ttiP  opiHNiliif  iMitk  i>f  ilii-  rivrr, 
|i>»t  liintrt  ititil  lli'tt.     'I'lii'ii  ii  t'ri  iti'liiiiiin  iiiirititl  t(i>ti« 

(iiiii|ti|,    hIio   V,i«     ltKlili<i>r  «^ith  tilt!  )ir  IVi<*t,  Hii»    tikrlt 

Mjili  Miiiit'  itl'  iltr  lliiititiK.  Wluii  I  miw  iltU,  I  ix'irlit'r 
I'ttiiltl,  tu»r  caii'il  10  lly,  W  livri*,  imliiil,  unilil  I 
uictiiM*,  lMri$f<M>(rtt  .M  I  wti»  f  Coitcoiil  iityM'tC  mnid 
thtf  rct'ilii  iiikI  tull  gn.^n,  I  coiil.l  iiuli'cd,  iiiiil  lliti* 
flM!U|N<  j  liiit  I'iMiM  1  It'livo  11  loiiMtiMiiiUi,  anil  (ho 
uni'liiixtriH'l  iiuioiiit  iilri'iuly  liik«'ii  or  noon  to  \ivi  \» 
titu  t'tivmy,  ill  liot  |iiir*iiit  oi'  lltu  rii^itivi'i,  liml  puiiHi'd 
oil,  tiMviiig  liic  iitittiiliiiL(  on  (lie  liutttti-tli'lil,  I  Ciilli'il  out 
to  oiif  of  ||iiiM>  who  iciiiaiiK'il  to  ^iiaiil  tin-  piixtiiciN, 
UIkI  llitilt'  llitll  DI.iIm'  nil'  .1  f>  ItiiW  i  •(>'i\r  to  lii^  riiiH  It 
cuiiltvi',  that,  ax  I  liail  Ihiii  lil^  ('om|Miiioii  on  titi'  ^ay, 
Ko  woiiltl  1  Im>  ill  hit  (laii^ct'N  uimI  diMtli.  Scairc  Kiving 
ci't'ilit  tu  w iiat  liti  liouril,  iintt  traii'iil  lor  liiitixiU',  ho 
atlvaitit'il  anil  led  iim-  to  tin*  otlin  pii-iinii'*. 

DiMi'UNt  biolticr,  1  tlii'ii  cMlaiiiicil,  Moiidiiriilly  hatli 
(Jud  di'.ilt  Willi  lilt!  "lint  lio  Ih  the  Lord,  li't  liini  do 
MJuit  ii«  good  ill  liin  higlit ; " — 1  KiiiKN  iii.  IH,  "At 
it  lialli  pli'iHcd  liiin,  mo  liatli  it  coino  to  \\nns,  iilriHNcd  Ik) 
hin  name  ;  "  iIicm,  lii.uin^^  IiU  cDiircitxion,  I  ^avo  liiiii 
uliiHoliitioii.  I  noH  tiiiiicd  to  till!  iliii'on  |iiiiH(iiii>iii,  and, 
iiiMti'iKilin)^  tlii>iii  Miu  liy  Olio,  Imptixcd  tlicm  ;  iim  nuw 
ptisoiium  woru  coiiHtuntly  taken  in  their  Hi^dit,  my  lahor 
MIS  (.  iiiittaiitly  reiH'wcd.  Ai.  length  KiiHtace  AliatniNtari, 
Ml  :' nioiiH  (Jliuaian  duel',  waN  hroiight  in  ;  when  he 
Buw  nie,  ho  cxel  limed,  "  Solnniily  di«l  I  Hwear,  hrotht'r, 
that  I  would  live  or  die  l»y  thcu."  What  I  answered, 
I  know  not,  so  hud  grief  ovorcomo  mo.  Last  of  all, 
"William  (.'outiiio  was  dragged  in  ;  he  too,  hul  set  out 
iVuiii  ilurguiu  with  me.     Wht'u  ho  ituw  uU  in  confusion, 


OVIIAN     4NI>    Wll  tiKRNItf* 


« 


It    litiMii'il  Idni* 
(>>t,  Wil«    l.lklit 

tliii,  I  iH'itlivr 
liiil,  tiiiild  I 
I  iiivM'tr  iimUl 
lit'il,  iitiil  limit 
iM.ih,  anil  lht> 
mil  to  Im'  .'  An 
vv»,  hull  |iui<mmI 
(I,  I    cullfil  ttut 

1   tll«<    plixitll'I'N, 

'  til  liit  ri«>hrii 

HI    oil  lltL'   WilV, 

Hi'urcn  Kivtng 
•I  liiiiiM'll',  III) 
•I". 

iiKlcrfiilly  liiitli 
inl,  let  liim  ill) 

iii.   IH.     "A. 

UNi,  1»1p;<n«'(I  IkJ 

II,  I  Kiive  liiin 
liiiNdiu'in,  iiiiil, 
thorn  ;  UN  iitnv 
linlit,  my  liilior 
iuo  AliatsiHtiiri, 
it  in  ;  when  he 
Hwcar,  hiotlier, 
lilt  I  answered, 
>.     I,at>t  of  all, 

),    livd    MCt    out 

ill  in  confuoioD, 


hr  hii»l,  with  lh»»  n'»t,  t.ikt'n  to  ihi'  wikmI.,  nml,  l«liiff  ft 
yiHiiiK  ti»«m  tfiihiwi'il  with  Kieut  jtift*  in  l"'«l>  A'»  «»ll  'W 
ill  miiitl,  lull,  l»y  Hi-*  nil' •*"«••'')• '''^  »''*^'  »»»»'►»'>  t»' 
lictiiii'l.  Wlii'ii  III'  loiilvt  i!  iiMMitiil  Hint  t'oiilit  WH'  notliiti^ 
of  iiif,  ••  Shall  I,"  In-  wiiil  to  hlliiMir,  ••iilmiivloii  my  iKmi' 
FutluT,  u  piiMiiu-r  ill  thi'  hamUol' wiuim-*,  aiitl  (!y  with, 
out  him  f  Not  I."  Thin  ifdiiniiiK  hy  tin'  path  tthii  h 
In-  hill  tiikin  in  lliKht,  h<'  k.im-  hiiii-i'lf  mi  Uf  tin-  nii-iny. 
Wouhl  that  lit'  hati  lli  il,  nor  umlh  il  onr  inotitMM 
h.tiul !  for,  in  «inl»  ti  »uh',  U  U  ih»  i 'o»tfi»rt  In  huvi?  iuirt» 
|iaiihtn«,  i-pt't'ialU  ihoM'  whom  yon  lovf  un  yoiii»ilf, 
Yi't  oiith  aiv  till'  HoiiU,  \\\\i},  though  hut  liiyin>n,  (uiilt 
no  vii'W>i  of  ••aithly  icwaill,;  mnt'  <'"'<l  iitu!  till!  Soiirty 
uinong  tho  Miiioni. 

It  I*  jiainfiil  to  think,  I'Vcn,  of  ult  liiit  ii'rrihli»  milfiT* 
ingM.  'riuir  hull'  wai«  I'likimllcil  ii^aiiiNt  all  tlu'  Fn'inh, 
hilt  ('-.jii'i  ially  au'aiirf  IiIm,  nt  thry  kiirw  that  oiii*  of 
thi'ir  hmvcKt  h.nl  fallen  hy  hi^  hand  in  ihi*  ii^ht.  He 
vi-tin  iict'orilinKly  tiiHt  »tiip|it'il  nakoil,  all  hit  iiaiU  totn 
out,  liii«  very  lin^t^^rrn  ^nll^vt>ll,  ami  a  hioail-Kwmil  drivi'ii 
thi<iii;^h  h!i  light  hand.  Mindful  of  thr  ^\oiindH  of 
jMir  l,oi<l  .Irr^ii^  Christ,  hi'  hon-,  ax  ho  al"tirward>>  lidil 
nil',  thifi  p.iin,  though  most  acute,  with  great  joy. 

When  I  hehehl  him,  llnf*  lioiind  and  n.\ked,  1 'roidd 
not  eontaiii  inyHelf,  hut,  leaving  my  keepers,  I  rii>«hiil 
throiii;h  the  midst  id' the  Navagc's  who  had  hmii^ht  Inm, 
cinhraied  him  moMt  tciul.'ily ,  cshoited  him  to  oU'er  all 
thin  to  (loil  for  liimM'lf,  and  those  at  whose  hands  ho 
milleiTd.  They  at  tir»t  looked  on  in  woinh-r  at  my 
pmcecdiiigH  ;  then,  as  if  recidlei  ting  themselves,  and 
gatheiiiig  all  thi  ir  rage,  they  fell  upon  me,  and.  with 
thuir  listK,  thoujjB,  uud  u  club,  U-ut  niu  till  I  fell  (toii'se- 


I 
4 


I'Klll  r.  S      ()  !•■      Ill  K 


less.  Two  «f  fliciu  tln;ii  (liii^'u;<'(l  nic  liiicK  to  ivIkic  I 
]i;t(l  Iiccu  lu'lurc,  iiml  .sraiccly  li;i(l  I  lii'^fiiii  to  iirciitlic, 
wlicn  some  ollicrs,  alt;ickiii>(  inr,  lore  out,  liy  Itilinif, 
alinosl,  all  my  nails,  and  ciinidicd  my  two  lore-linf^crs 
with  tlu'ir  icclli,  K'^''"W  ""•  i"'''"^''  P'l'"'  'I '"'  ^i""" 
vasdonc'to  IJcnc';  (ionpll,  tlio  lliiiou  captivf'S  Ixln;,' 
left  untoiicluMl. 

W'luMi  ail  hud  romo  in  from  the  i)iiiMiit,  in  wliicU 
two  llurons  were;  killcil,  lln-y  caiiird  ns  across  llu! 
rivor,  and  tiuMO  sliai'c<l  the  i)lnnrl('i' of  tlio  t,u<dv(,M  aiiocs, 
(for  ci^lit  liud  joint'd  us./  'I'his  waj  vory  f^rrat,  lor, 
independent  of  wliat  (sicU  Fmichman  had  with  him, 
Ave  had  twenty  jKiekaf^'es  coiitainin;^''  clinn  h  j.lato  and 
vestments,  hooks  and  oth(;r  articles  of  the  kind  ;  a  lieli 
eargo  indf.'ed,  considering  the  poverty  of  onr  llinoii 
mission.  While  they  were  dividing'  the  plnndcr,  [ 
coniplt.'led  the  instruction  of  such  as  m cri;  nnchi  isttsned, 
and  hapti/.(!d  tlieni.  Amonj^  \ho  rest  was  one  ^ere, 
octof^enarian  chief,  who,  mIicu  ordered  fo  enter  the 
canoe  to  he  home  off  wjth  the  rest,  exclaimed,  '«  How 
shall  I,  a  hoary  old  mi'.n,  ^o  to  a  strani^e  and  foreign 
land?  Never!  here  Avill  I  die."  As  he  ahsolnfcdy 
refused  to  go,  they  slew  him  on  the  very  spot  where  he 
had  just  heen  l)a])tii;ed. 

liaising  then  a  joyful  shout  Avhich  made  the  forest 
ring,  "  as  con<iuerors  who  rejoice  after  taking  a  prey," 
( Isaius  ix.  ;}, )  they  bore  us  off,  twenty-two  cai)tives, 
towards  their  own  land  ;  three  had  been  killed.  V>y 
the  favor  of  God  our  Kulforings  on  that  march,  which 
lasted  thirteen*  days,  were   indeed  great — hunger,  and 

♦  Tlie  Italian  vcraiun  of  F.  lirrssani  and  tlie  Latin,  as  given  by  AU'guinbe, 
Bay  88.  The  context  suOioes  to  correct  this  typographical  fault,  which  is  not 
in  the  Kplntiou  of  1040-7. 


.«^  -w^iitmttm 


(I  i;  r.  A  N       AND      \V  I  I.  I)  I,  It  .S  I.  s  s . 


iclv  to  ivlifrc  I 
1,'mi  to  lircitlic, 
lilt,  liy  l)Itiiii(, 
\\(i  loni-liiif^'crH 

ill.         'I'Ik!      SlIIIH! 

(■;i|iliv<',s    l)i'!ii^ 

rsiiit,  ill  wliich 
1  lis  IICIOSS  tlu! 
j  twrlvt;  (Miiocs, 
■(;ry  i^trdl,  tor, 
liiul  with  liiiii, 
iicli  J. late  ami 
I!  kind  ;  a  rich 
of  our  1  luroii 
th(!    iihiiidiT,  1 

(!   Illichlist(!ll('(l, 

was  Olio  n;ir, 
.  to  c'litor  tilt! 
'laiiiK'd,  "  How 
gc  and  forcif^ii 
lie  absolutely 
'  spot  wlu'io  ho 

lade  tlio  forest 
taking  a  l)rey," 
y-two  captives, 
en  killed.  Ijv 
t  march,  which 
t — hunger,  and 

!  given  by  Ali'guinbe, 
ml  fault,  wbioli  is  not 


licit,  and  liieiiircs,  tin;  savat,'('  fury  of  lli«'  Indiairi,  the 
iiiteii'-f!  piiii  of  our  unlendcd  and  now  juiti' I)  ing 
wonndn,  swaiining  i:\(!ii  s\itii  moiiiis;  liut  no  lii.d  iauk: 
harder  iijioii  ino  than  when,  five  or  six  days  alter,  liiey 
would  come  lip  to  us,  weary  with  the  inarch,  and  in  cold 
hlood,  with  minds  in  lU)  wise  arouscrl  hy  J)a'^iorl,  pluck 
oul.  our  liair  ;.n<l  heard,  ami  diiv  their  n,til-,  ulijch  aio 
alwavs  verv  sliarp,  dee)»  into  part-,  nio-t  tender  and  mmi- 
sitivc  to  tin;  ;lighle>t  iinpre^-.ion.  I'ut  thi-i  was  out- 
^^ard;  mv  internal  siiliiuings  all'ected  me  still  iiioro 
when  1  heheld  that  funeral  prof:(;ssion  of  doomed  (  hiis- 
tians  pass  helore  my  eyes,  among  them  live  old  convcrl^, 
th'.;  main  pillar-,  of  the  infant  Huron  church. 

Indeed,  I  ingenuously  admit,  tliat  1  ^^as  ir.'iin  and  again 
iinalih;  to  wilhold  my  tears,  mourning  over  their  lot  and 
th.it  of  my  other  companions,  ar;d  full  of  an.sioui^  -olic- 
itiido  for  the  future.  I'or  I  heheld  the  way  to  tho 
(jhristiau  faith  closed  hy  theso  Irocpujis,  on  the  Huron-, 
and  countless  other  nations,  unle^s  they  wen;  cliccked 
bv   some  seasonahh;  di>iiensation  of  Divine  I'rovidenci;. 

On  the  eighth  day  w(;  fell  in  v.ith  a  tro'.p  offAo 
hundred  Indians*  going  out  to  ii;,dit.  And  a-  it  is  the 
custom  for  the  savages,  wheii  oul  on  war  jiarfics,  to 
initiate  themsLdves  as  it  were  by  cruelty,  under  the 
belief  that  their  succe>s  will  he  greater  a-  they  shall 
liave  been  more  cruel,  they  thus  received  u-,.  i  ir-t 
rendering  thanks  to  the  sun,  which  they  imn'.'ine  presides 
over  war,  they  cf)n,i,'ratiilatcd  their  countrymen  by  a  joy- 
ful vollev  of  musketry.  Each  then  cut  r)lf  some  stfMtt 
clubs  in  the  neighboring  wood  in  order  to   receive   iis. 

•  This  WM  on  an  ialaml  in  Uke  CLauiiilain.  Here  the  Utiu  text  iiiaort* 
come  details  not  in  the  AIS.  of  1G52. 


r 


h 

[■ 


U 


I'KUI  l.H      Of      T  ii  «•; 


When,  tliorcforp,  wo  liuidcd  from  tlir  canoes,  tliny  fell 
Upon   us   IVoiii   both  sidfH   with   thi-ir  ( lubs,  witli  such 
fury,  that  I,  wlio  was  tlie  last,  and  thcrerore  most  exposed 
to   their    blows,  hank,    overcome    l)y  their  number  and 
Bevcrifv,  before  I  had  accomplished  half  the  rocky   way 
that  led  to   the    hill  ou  which  a  sta<,'e  had  been  erected 
for  us.      1   thought  I   should  Boon  die  there  ;  and   so, 
partly  because   1  could    not,  partly  because  I  eared  not, 
I    did  not  arise.     How    long  they  spent  their  fury  on 
me,   he   knows  for  whose  love  and  sake   I   suflered   all, 
and   for  whom   it  is  dcilightful  and  glorious  to  suffer. — 
Ikloved  at  h'uglh  by  u  cruel  mercy,  and  wishing  to  carry 
me  into  their  country  alive,  tlicy  refrained  from  beating 
mc.     And,  thus  lialf  dead,  and  drenched  in  blood,  they 
bore  me   to  the  stage.     1  had  scarce  begun  to   I)reathe, 
when  t^uiy  ordered  me  to  come  down,  to  loud   mc  with 
scoffs  and  insults,  and  countless  IjIows  on  my  head  and 
shoulders,  and  indeed  on  my  whole  body.      I  should  bo 
tedious  were  I  to  attempt  to  tell  all  that  the    French 
prisoners  suffered.     They  burnt  one  of  my  fingers,  and 
crunched  another  wi^h  their  teeth  ;  others  already  thus 
mangled,  thcsy  so  wrenched  by  the  tattered  nerve,  that, 
even  now,  though  healed,  they  arc  frightfully  deformed. 
Nor  indeed   was   the  lot   of  my   foUow-sulferers   much 
better. 

Hut  one  thing  showed  that  God  watched  over  us,  and 
was  trying  us  rather  than  casting  us  off.  One  of  these 
savages,  breathing  nought  but  blood  and  cruelty,  came 
up  to  me,  scarce  able  to  stand  on  my  feet,  and,  seizing 
mv  nose  with  one  hand,  jn-epared  to  cut  it  off  with  a 
laige  knife  which  he  held  in  the  other.  What  could 
I  do  ?     Believing  that   I   was  soon  to  be  burnt  at  the 


i 


' 


noes,  thoy  ftill 
lbs,  witli  such 
•  most  cs  posed 
ir  uuiiiIk  r  and 
hu  ro'.ky   way 
il  ]}<:vn  ereetod 
hero ;  and   so, 
8C  I  cared  not, 
t  tlieir  fuiy  on 
1  Hiifroifd  all, 
lus  to  isiiffer.— 
lulling  to  cany 
1  from  beatin},' 
ill  blood,  they 
nil  to   breathe, 
load   mc  with 
my  head  and 
I  should  be 
at  the    Fienth 
ny  fingers,  and 
rs  already  thus 
id  nerve,  that, 
fully  deformed, 
sulferers   much 

ed  over  us.  and 
One  of  these 
I  cruelty,  came 
et,  and,  seizing 
jt  it  off  with  a 
What  could 
be  burnt  at  the 


.1 


UCEAN     AND     WILDEUNKSS. 


m 


Stake,  unmoved,  I  awaited  tlu;  stroke,  groaning  to  my 
(iod  in  liiait  ;  when  stayed,  as  if  by  a  supernal tind 
])ower,  he  drew  back  his  hand  in  tlu;  veiy  act  of  cutting. 
Alidiit  a  (juarler  of  an  hour  iii'tcr,  h-,'  ri-furncl,  and  as  if 
condeuming  his  cowardice  iuid  r;iint-hciut('(hie>s,  again 
pri'])ar('(l  fo  do  it  ;  wlicn  again  held  liack  by  some 
unseen  hand,  he  departed.  Had  he  curried  out  his 
design,  my  fate  was  s«'ale(I,  for  it  is  not  tlicur  cUHtom 
to  grant  life  to  captives  thus  mutilated.  At  length,  'ate 
at  night,  and  last  of  all,  I  was  taken  to  my  captorrf, 
without  receiving  a  morsel  of  food,  which  I  !i;i<l  scarcely 
touched  for  several  days.  The  rest  of  the  night  I  spent 
in  great  ])ain. 

iMy  sufferings,  great  in  themselves,  were  heightened 
by  the  sight  of  wiiat  a  like  cruelty  had  wreaked  <m  the 
Christian  Hurons,  fiercer  than  all  in  the  case  of  Kustace  : 
for  they  had  cut  off  both  iiis  thumbs,  and,  through  the 
stump  of  his  left,  with  savage  cruelty,  Jiey  drove  a 
sharp  stake  to  his  veiy  elbow.  This  frightful  pain  he 
bore  most  nobly  and  piously. 

The  following  day  we  fell  in  with  some  other  war- 
canoes,  who  cut  off  some  of  our  comiianions'  fingers, 
amid  our  great  dread. 

At  last,  on  the  tenth  day,  about  noon,  we  lefl  our 
canoes,  and  performed  on  foot,  the  rest  of  the  journey, 
which  lasted  four  days.  l?{'sides  the  usual  hardships  of 
the  march,  now  came  that  of  carrying  the  baggage. 
[Although  my  share  of  this  was  done  quite  remi.ssly, 
both  because  I  \\*s  unable,  and  because  I  disdained  to 
do  it,  for  my  spirit  was  haughty,  even  in  fetters  and 
death  ;  so  that  only  a  small  package  was  given  me  to 
bear.]     We  were  now  racked  by  hunger,  from  the  ever- 


20 


I'Kllll.H      OK 


M  K 


iiicrciiHifiK  want,  of  I'ikjiI.  'I'lint,  tlirw!  dayt)  in  (iHiT»;HHion, 
f.iinl  wliiii,  III!  tin-  fonilli,  wij  wi!i«!  ni(!t  liy  u  parly  fiom 
tli(!  vill;i(,M',^  w(;  Uitfil  ll()tl^ill^  l»ut  MJint!  In-rrMJi,  oii'«; 
j»alliciiil  on  tin;  way.  [Tor  my  |»;iit,  I  liail,  in  tin; 
l)fj,'iiiiiiiiK  of  tin:  iiiaicli,  iick1»-'Ii-<1  I<(  uviil  iii\><  It  of 
III.;  Iioii  wliii  li  our  (iiiioiv*  liad  Mtijiplii.J  ul»uiitlaiitly, 
that  I  iiii«lit  111)1  <iir<T  to  tli'ir  (in;  and  tortunr,  a  htroriK 
iiiid  vii^orouH  IVaiiH!,  for  I  iii^triiuonhly  ( onfii'*  iiiy  wc-ak- 
uv.HH  :  and  wluni  iny  liody  worn  d<mn  by  (tinting  called 
for  food,  it  fourul  imlliiiiK  '"'t  wati:r  ;  for,  on  tin:  hcconfl 
diiy,  wlicii  wr  lialted,  w(;ary  with  our  inarfrh,  thoy  ttct 
u  lurgo  krltlf!  on  tin;  fin;  ah  if  to  prepare  food  ;  but  it 
was  nicTfly  to  onabli;  n»  to  «ftnnk  u»  much  aj«  each  choM! 
of  till!  water  thun  HJi^^hlly  warmcfl.] 

At  last,  on  tin;  «!V<;  of  tin;  Assumption  'of  the  IJIfhHcd 
VirKin,  w<!  reacliod  tho  first  village  of  the  Iro«|uoiH.  I 
thank  our  Lord  J«;sus  (Jhrist,  tliat,  on  the  day  when  tl»« 
whoU)  Chrihtiau  woihl  exults  in  the  f^lory  of  his  Motlier's 
Ansumption  into  heaven,  he  called  uh  to  Home  small 
Bhaic  and  f(;llow.ship  of  Ium  suHerin^H  and  eroHH.  In- 
deed, we  had  durinK  the  journey  always  foreseen  that 
it  would  he  a  sad  and  bitter  day  for  us.  It  would  have 
been  easy  for  Jlcne  and  myself  to  escaiMj  that  day  and 
the  flames,  for,  being  unbound  and  often  at  a  distance 
from  our  guards,  we  might,  in  the  darkness  of  night, 
have  struck  oif  from  the  road,  and  even  though  we 
should  never  reach  our  countrymen,  we  would  at  least 
meet  a  less  cruel  death  in  the  woods.  He  constantly 
refused  to  do  this,  and  I  was  resolved»'to  suffer  all  that 
could  befall  me,  rather  than  forsake,  in  death,  Frcnch- 

•  P.  Brcsaani  and  AlcgamlK  B»y  18th,  the  MS.  of  1652  Miy»  limply,  Vigi- 
|1»  AMumptionU,  which  Wj  only  be  the  Uth  or  18th. 


I 


III  nm:r»:HHion, 
,  ,t  |»afly  fi'/ia 
!  Inrrrii-'H,  oii':«j 

I  hull,  ill  tin; 
fill  niyi<  If  of 
«i  iiliiiiiiluiitiy, 
■tunr,  a  hlrori« 
ifi>)i  my  wcak- 

CuhUih(  (allt.-d 
'txi  tin;  »(.':«inl 
lurrh,  llujy  t-ft 
e  food  ;  but  it 

u)i  cucli  chuHC 

of  thf!  |{lc!h»f(l 
u  Iro(|uoiH.      L 

(lay  when  tin; 
!>{  his  Mother's 

to  Homo  bniall 
iiid  croBs.  In- 
I  forewreri  that 

It  would  have 
Mj  tliat  day  and 
;n  at  a  distance 
kness  of  nij^ht, 
rcn   thoiiijh  we 

would  at  least 

He  roRstantly 
[J  suffer  all  that 
death,  Frcnch- 

>2  M71  »lmp\j,  Vigi- 


0  (;  K  A  N      A  N  r»      W  I  I,  II  K  B  .NK  H  H  . 


'27 


men  and  ('liri'^li:tn  Unroni,  d«|iriviiii(  th«rn  of  tho 
eoiiholalion  wliic  ii  a  piiiHt  <iiii  iiiiotd. 

On  ill"  Kve  of  iho  A^siimiitioii  then  ahoiit  .'{  f)'»  hxk 
we  rearlnd  a  riv<'r  whii  h  llown  hy  lh<ir  vill:ii^e.  ISoth 
hankM  wi  ii- liilj-d  v 'h  Irorjnoii  and  llnKinf  foiinerly  <a|)- 
tnred,  now  eoining  forth  to  meet  uh,  the  hitler  to  huliite 
UK  hy  a  wairiin>4  lliut  we  were  to  hi  hurnt  alive  ;  the  for- 
mer rereived  iim  with  (  IiiIim,  (intn  and  utoneH, 

And  lis  h.ddnesd  or  lliin  hair,  a  nhaved,  or  lixhtly  eov- 
ered  head  is  ;'.n  ohject  of  their  aversion,  thin  teiiijjenl  hurst 
in  itH  fury  on  my  hare  head.  Two  of  my  nuiU  liad  hith- 
erto ettrapid  ;  these  they  tore  out  with  their  teeth,  and 
with  their  keiii  nails  stiipped  off  the  flesh  beneath  to  the 
very  bones.  When  satiiified  with  liie  eruellien  and 
mockerieH  which  we  thus  received  by  the  river  hide,  they 
led  uv  to  their  villaj^e  on  the  top  of  the  hill. 

At  itH  entrance  we  met  the  youth  of  all  that  diiitrict 
awaiting  ui*  with  clubs,  in  a  line  on  eaidi  side  of  the  roa'L 

Conscious  that,  if  we  willidrew  ourselves  from  the 
ranks  of  thoHe  chastised,  we  no  \uhh  withdrew  ourselvet* 
from  that  of  the  children,  we  cheerfully  offered  ourscdveu 
to  our  (jod,  thus  like  a  father  cha>itising  us,  that  in  uh  he 
might  l)e  well  pleased.  Our  order  w;is  as  follows  :  in 
the  front  of  the  line  they  placed  a  Frenchman,  alas, 
entirely  naked,  not  having  even  his  draweru.  Kene 
(ioupil  was  in  the  centre,  and  I  last  of  all  closed  the  line, 
Cwe  were  more  fortunate  as  they  had  left  ii»  our  shirts 
and  drawers.)  'i'he  Iroquois  scattered  themselves 
through  our  lines  Ix'tween  us  and  the  Hurons,  lx>tl»  to 
check  our  speed,  and  to  afford  more  time  and  fraie  to  our 
torturers,  to  strike  us  thus  separately  as  we  passed. 
Long  and  cruelly  indeed  did  the  "  wicked  work  upon  my 


I.- 


28 


rKKi  I.N   "y   1 " »'' 


l>ii<k,'  (Vh.  r\xviii.  '.\,)  ii<it  willirlnlfs  irKiflv,  hut  cmiii 
NUtli  iron  roil.,  wl'i' '»  •'">  !•■'*<•  in  iilxiinlaiiri-  lioiii  llnir 
IMoxiiiiily  to  llic  l',iiio|.i  iin  ;*  OIK'  of  llic 'iiit,  iwiin  «l 
with  ;i  ImII  oliioii  o(  till'  si/i!  of  11  fi'^t,  flmiK  to  a  llion^^ 
ilcalf  III!'  ho  violfiif,  ii  Idovv  tliiil  I  sliould  li;ivr-  I'.illcn 
MMischhs,  liiiil  not  liMr  oC  ii  mtoikI  ^iv(•ll  tin-  htiii.;;ili 
mill  roiir.ix«-.  ItiiiiiiiiiK  tlifti  our  lon^c  rii<«r  aiiiifl  tlii'» 
Ininfiil  iiiiil  of  l.lows,  wi!  Willi  ilillirolty  rnnrliu'l  lliu 
Mlaj,'r  cicrHMl  in  tin-  crntri!  of  thi!  vill.iKi!. 

ir  iMcli  linii!  |iics«-iil«'(l  ;i  liici!  to  cxritf!  lomlmtMori, 
lliiit  of  IIimm';  Wiis  (iMtiiiiily  tin;  most  piliaMi;.  UiiiiK  ''X 
no  nn'ims  <iiii(k  or  iiitivi-,  lio  liiwl  icmmvc*!  mi  iiiiiny 
ItlowM  all  over  his  iioily,  hut  (;s|«;«ii»lly  ou  hit  fu'f,  that 
nolliiiif<  couM  1k!  (li^.lill^Mli^,h(•(l  thc-ri!  Imt  the  whitp  of 
hin  cycH  ;  nioii!  iKMiitiful  truly  as  Ik;  niorc  r(;M;trihl»;fl 
liiiii,  whoni  wc  have  hi-liclil  "  aH  u  Icim.t,  and  sn-.itton  hy 
(Joil  for  tiH,"  "ill  whom  there  was  no  comeliness  or 
lieaiity." — Isaias  liii.  il. 

We  biid  hut  just  time  to  ^a^n  lireath  on  this  Htage, 
whi'n  one  with  a  huf,'e  clul)  f,'ave  us  l''i('n(hiiien  three 
terrible  hlows  on  the  hare  hack  ;  the  8avaf,'«s  now  took 
out  their  knives  and  Iw^an  to  mount  the  sta^e  and  cut 
off  the  fiiif^ers  of  many  of  the  iirisoncrs  ;  and,  as  a  cap- 
tive iinderf,'oes  their  cruelty  in  proportion  to  his  dignity, 
they  began  with  me,  seeing,  by  my  conduct,  as  well  as 
by  their  words,  that  I  was  in  authority  among  the 
French  and  Hiirons.  Accordingly,  an  old  man  and  a 
woman  approached  the  spot  where  I  stood  ;  he  co;n- 
manded  his  companion  to  cut  off  my  thumb  ;  she  at  first 

•  The  Dutch,  who  then  hoU  two  fort»,  where  they  kept  a  continoftl  trade; 
New  Amsterdam,  now  New  York,  and  Ken«««lacrwick,  or  fort  Orange,  now 
Albany,  about  ten  or  twelve  leagucn  from  the  first  village  of  the  Mohawk* 


■im      .,J, 


»  • 


I'ly,  Ijiit  <\v.n 
irir  IkiIii  llif'ir 
(•  'ii it,  III iiii'l 
^  til  a  tli'iii).^, 
r|  li^Vtr  i'alliri 
UK'    ht|l|i;(tll 

1(0   iiiiiid   tliit 
H!H(;lii;'l    llif! 

!  rtotiip.'i'i^iori, 
U:.  I'xiiiK  Ify 
vcrl  Ml  iiiafiV 
his  fuiv,  that 
thi!  wliif''  of 
in:  r(;M<;tnl)li(l 
11(1  .sii«irt(!ri  \>y 
coiiicliticss  (»r 

in  this  Htiign, 
nchiiicn  thre(j 
■rcH  now  took 
sta^o  aiul  cut 
and,  as  a  f;ap- 
to  liis  (lif^nity, 
net,  as  well  as 
y  among  the 
lid  man  and  a 
ood  ;  he  co;n- 
b  ;  she  at  first 

t  a(K>Dtinaal  trsde; 
.r  fort  Orange,  now 
0  of  the  Mob»wk>> 


0(1',  AM      A  Nil      WMIIKUNKHH.  fft 

drew  l.ar  k,  lint  at  ImM,  wjitn  onlcml  |„  ,|„  v,  )|,r, ,,  „r  f,,„f 
times  liy  llic  old  wict.  |,,  as  W  liy  .  .,iii|hiI  ion  she  („f  olF 
my  I.  Il  Ihnmli  whcic  il  j„i„s  f|„.  |,„,.|.  (  She  was  an 
AlL,'oni|iiiii,  thai  il,  one  of  that  nation  wl.Jdi  (JwilK  ,„.:,r 
the  I'mimIi,  in  New  I'lanrc  ;  s|,..  |,;„|  I,,,,,  r a|ifiir.d  ,i 
11-w  months  heroic,  and  was  a  Chii  ,fi.,ii.  ||<i  nam.! 
was  Jane.  S.ncjy  it  in  ideasin^^  to  i„i(|;.r  al  the  hands 
of  those  for  whom  yon  would  die,  and  (or  v* horn  yon 
(hose  to  snlliT  the  «h  aleit  lonnent.  ratlier  than  leave 
them  exposed  to  the-  ernelty  ol  visihle  and  inviMhle  enc 
mien,  j 

'I'hen,  talxiiiK  in  my  other  hand  the  amjintaled  thnmh, 
1  oUccd  it  to  the,-,  my  tru(;  and  living  (Jod,  calling  t(. 
mind  the  sa(rihe(;  which  I  had  for  seven  years  eon-' 
Hiantly  odered  thee  in  thy  Chnn  h.  M.  last,  warned  hy 
one  of  my  comrades  to  desist,  sindj  they  might  other- 
wise force  it  into  my  month  mid  comiK;!  me  to  cat  it.  an 
it  was,  I  flung  it  from  me  on  the  scaffold  and  left  it  I 
ktiow  not  whore. 

H(;ne  had  his  right  thnmh  cut  off  at  the  first  joint, 
1  must  thank  the  Almighty  that  it  was  his  will  that  my 
right  should  he  ijntou(  hed,  thus  enahling  mo  to  write 
this  letter  to  heg  my  dear  fathers  and  hrothers  to  offer 
up  their  miiss(>s,  prayers,  supplications  and  entreaties  in 
the  holy  church  of  Cod,  to  whidi  we  know  that  we  are 
now  entitled  hy  a  new  claim,  for  she  often  prays  for  tlie 
afflicted  and  the  captive. 

(hi  the  following  day,  the  Assumption  of  the  Blessed 
\irgin,  after  spending  the  morning  on  the  stage,  we 
were  taken  about  mid-day  to  another  village,  some  two 
miles  distint  from  the  first.  As  I  was  on  the  point  of 
marching,  the  Indian  who  had  brought  me,  loth  to  lose 


so 


yiRII.8     (tK     THK 


my  ulilrt,  wnt  me  olT  nakcfl,  rxcopt  an  oM  and  wrrtfhc<l 

pair  oC  iliuwor».      Wliru  I  MwU\  iny«'lf  thiin  «tr;p|M(I, 

•'  Sunly,  brotlwr,"  miid  I,  "  thou  wilt  not  mmkI  mc  olfilmn 

naki'tl,    thou    hiwt    takni    ciioukU  of  our    proix-rty    to 

I  cnriih    thfo."      Thi^    totuhcd    hinj,  and    he    f^uvo    nu- 

I     .  enough  of  tlio  honipen  h.tKKinK  in  which  our  pmka^jrs 

i  liad  Ix'tMi  put  up,  to  (ovur  my  KhouUhMt*  and  part  of  my 

body.      Hut  my  Bliouldtun,  mangled  by  their  blows  and 

t  stripes,  I'ould  not  U-ar  fliin  rough  and  coarse  cloth.     On 

'  the  way,  while  scarcely  ami  at  last  not  at  all  covered  by 

it,  the  heat  of  the  sun  was  so  intense,  that  my  skin  was 

I     .  dried   as   though   in  un  oven,  and  peeled  ofl"  from  my 

back  and  arms. 
.  As    we  entered    the  second  village,  blows  were  not 

I  spared,  though  this  is  contrary  to  their  usual  custom, 

I  which  is  to  be  content  with  once  bastiiuuloing  the  pus- 

I  oners.     The  Almighty  surely  wished  us  to  be  somewhat 

I  likened  in  this   point  to  his  apostle,  who  glories  that  bo 

I  was  thrice  beaten  with  rods  ;  and  .ilthough  they  received 

f  us  with  fewer  blows  than  the  iast,  their  blows  were  the 

'  more  cruel,  since,  l)cing  -barrassed  by  the  crowd, 

they  were  better  aimed  ;  so  >  ^  constantly  on  the 

I  shins  to  our  exquisite  pain. 

i  The  rest  of  the  day  we  spe  ii.J  stage,  and  the 

f  night  in  a  hut  tied  down  half  naked  to  the  bare  ground, 

g  at  "the  mercy  of  all  ages  and  sexes.     For  we  had  been 

I  handed  over  to  the  sport  of  the  children  and  youth  who 

1  threw  hot  coals  on  our  naked  bodies,  which,  bound  as  we 

were,  it  was  no  easy  matter  to  throw  off.     In  this  numner 

they  make  their  apprenticeship  in  cruelty,  and  from  less, 

grow  accustomed  to  greater.     We  spent  there  two  days 

and  nights  with  scarcely  any  food  or  sleep,  in  great  an- 


1 — 

I 


0C1!A!»     ANn     WILDKRWHJH. 


91 


ind  wftchcc' 

liiiK  »itrI|t|M'(l, 

1(1  inc  (iti'tliuM 

pioiM'ity    to 

he    giivo    ino 

our  pnikagrs 

(1  part  of  my 

ir  hloMs  aiul 

ic  clotli.     Oil 

11  covert'tl  by 

my  Hkiii  wtia 

ofl'  from  my 

)\VH  wcri!  not 
isuul  custom, 
)iii^  the  piiH- 
be  Nomcwhut 
;h)ries  that  ho 
they  received 
lowH  were  tho 
l)y  the  crowd, 
stantly  on  the 

itagc,  and  tho 
•  bare  ground, 
we  had  been 
lid  youth  who 
1,  bound  as  we 
[n  this  manner 
and  from  less, 
liere  two  days 
i,  in  great  an- 


guihh  of  mind  an  far  no  I  wu«  roncerned.  F(»r,  from  time 
to  time,  they  mounted  the  utage,  cuttiuK  off  llie  linger* 
of  mv  Huron  ((impinionx,  binding  htird  coidx  luouiid 
their  ti>tH  w  ith  nihIi  vioU'Ui  c,  that  ihey  fainted,  and,  m  hile 
eacli  of  them  nutfeied  but  bin  own  pain,  I  .tulfered  that 
of  all ;  1  was  aliliited  with  an  inteuHe  giief  um  you  can 
imagine  a  fath(u'«  heart  to  feel  at  the  Hight  of  hi-i  cbildren'H 
misery;  for,  with  the  exception  of  a  f»'W  old  Chiisfians, 
1  had  begotten  them  all  recently  in  (-'iri^t  by  baptism. 

Yet  amid  all  thir*  the  Lord  gave  uw  such  strength  that, 
HuHering  mynelf,  I  was    able    to    couhoIo    the    Hutfering 
llurons  and  French.     So  that,  both  on   the  road  and  on 
the  stage,  when  the   tornuiiling  crowd  of  "  haluters," 
( for  HO  they  call  those  who  wreak  their  cruehy  on  the 
captives  as  they  arrive,)  had  dropi)ed  away,  I   exhorted 
them,  at  one  time  generally,  at  another    individually,  to 
preserve  their  patience,  nor  lose  confidence  which  would 
have   a  great  reward ;  to    remember    "  that,    by   many 
tribulations  it  behooves  us    to  enter    the   kingdom  of 
lieavcn  ; "  that  the  time  was  come  indeed,  foretold  to  us 
by  God,  when  he  said  :  •'  Ye  shall  lament  and  weep,  but 
the  world  Hhall  rejoice,  but  yoiir  sorrow  shall  be  turned 
into  joy ; "  that  we  were  like  to  a  "  a  woman  in  travail, 
who,  when  she  brings  forth,  hath  sorrow,  because  her 
hour  is  come  ;  but,  when  she  has  brought  forth,  no  lon- 
ger remembers  her  anguish  for  joy  that  a  man  is  born 
into  the  world  ;  "  (John  x\l'2\  ;)  so  should    they    feel 
assured  that,  in  a  few  days,  these  momentary  pains  would 
give  place  to  never-ending  joys.     And  surely  I  had  rea- 
son to  rejoice  when  I  beheld  them  so  well  disposed, 
especirtUy  the  older  Christians,  Joseph,*  Eustace.f    and 
•  TondooUorcn.  t  Ah»Ui»tari. 


32 


7K  RIM     OF     TIIR 


tho  nihi'r  two  {  for,  nn  th(*  very  <Iity  iltut  wi>  ri<tM'lu>(|  the 
flmt  village,  'I'IiiihIuu'  IukI  I'lri'd  luiii«rll'  tVniii  \\\»  ImumIn  | 
hut,  iiH  liming  the  Ititlh'  hr  hail  hiiil  hit  Khoithli'l*  ItlaiU* 
hroki-ii  hv  thr  hiit-ciiil  nl  a  liiiiAki't,  hr  ditd  mi  liit  way 
to  thi>  I'm'Ik  li. 

Nvvor  till  now  hiul  lhi<  Iniliiiii  ncatruhl  lirhrhl  I'n^uh 
01'  itthrr  CliriniiaiiM  ru|>tiv('i4.     So  tiiat,  coiitiary  to  uhuiiI 

i,  rtiMttiiii,  \vi<  wfi'c  h-(l  arotiiiil  through  all  thdr  xilla^i'Mto 

jjiiitity  till'  f^ciiiral  «iiiio>»ily.  Thr  third,  iiidrcd,  w« 
(Mitt'i'fd  M'athh-HM,  hut  on  the  Niad'old  ii  Kccnt'  met  iny 
I'ycM  niort'  hi'ai't-i'i'ndin>(than  any  tornirnt ;  it  wum  a  Kioiip 
ot  lour  lliiionN,  takin  j-UcwIkmo  hy  Konu*  othrr  party, 
tiiid  dra^';^f(l  luMf  to  .sw«ll  our  wrt'ti  h<d  company. 
Anlt>n^  other  trin'lticH  fvory  oni'  ofthrsf  had  loxf  xnnio 
tiii^tM'N,  and  tlio  eldest  of  the  hand  his  two  thundm. 
.loiniiiK  these,  I  at  once  h«'j(an  to  instruct  theni,  Neparate- 
ly,  on  the  articles  of  faith  ;  then,  (»n  the  very  Ntaj^e  itself, 

I  I  hapli/.ed  two,  w  ith  nun-drops  gathered  from  the  leaves 

iof  a  Ntalk  of  Indian  corn,  given  uh  to  chew  ;    the   other 
two,  I  chriNtened  as  we  wore  led  hy  a  Mtroam  on  otir  way 
to  anothvr  village.     At  this  place,  eold  wetting   in   after 
I  th(!  rain,  we  siiU'ered  extremely  from  if,  as  we  were  en- 

I  tirely   uncovered.     Often  hhivering  wit!,  cold     on    the 

f'  Btage,   I   would  without  orders  come  down  and    enter 

1    *  some  hut,  hut  I  had    scarcely    heguii    to    w  arnj    myself 

when  I  was  coininanded  to  return  to  the  scaH'old. 
||  William  Couture  had  thus  tar  lost    none    of   his    Hn- 

tgers;  this,  exciting  thtMlispleasure  of  j«;i    Indian  in  this 
village,  he  sawed  off  the  fore  linger  of  his  right  haiul  in 
the  middle- ;  the  pain  was  most  cxernciuting  as    for  this 
K  ami)utatic)n  he  employed   not  a  knife,  hut  in  its  stead  u 

I  kind  of  shell,  there  very  abundant.     As  it  could  not  cut 


OmAIf     AND     Wll.nKRNKIfft 


:id 


'!■    I'l'lM'llI'll    t|)0 

1)111  Win  ImiIiiIh  ; 
liitiiltlcr  hliiili> 
il  (III   lii<4   way 

irhi'ld  I'll jK  h 
tniiy  to  iiNiial 
H'ir  \illaKi'N  to 
,  iiiilccd,  wv 
cciu'  iiit't  my 
it  wtiMH  Kioiip 
t  iHliiT  jmify, 
I'll  I  (iiii|)iiiiy. 
Iiail  loxt  Miiiu) 

two  thiinilm. 
Iicni,  Ni>pura((>- 
ly  Htam'  it"*"'!', 
roni  till'  Icavi'M 
V  ;  tliu  other 
m  on  our  way 
ttiiif;   ill   after 

\\v  were  en- 
eold  oil  tlio 
m  and  enter 
wiuni  myself 
LiiHold. 
•  of  hin  Hn- 
Indian  in  tliis 
ilKJit  hand  in 
ig  Its  for  this 
in  its  Ktead  u 

could  not  cut 


the  «ini*WR  whti  ti  wrrn  hard  nn<l  iili|i|M<ry,  he  wren*  lird 
the  fiiigrr  "o  violently,  that,  when  ihe  »inew«  gtiv«  wujr, 
the  po«ir  fellow  V  arm  <iwelled  feat  fully  tip  to  the  very 
el!iow'.  All  Indi.in,  totnhetl  liy  mercy,  took  hiiii  to  Itiw 
hut  and  kept  him  (here  two  daVM  u  Itii  h  we  hpnit  in  that 
vill.y(e  ;  leaving  me  ill  ignorance  and  gieut  anxiety  ai)  lu 
hi)*  fate. 

At  ni^htrall,  we  were  taken  to  ii  hut  wliere  tin-  voiitU 
awaited  us.  i'liey  ordered  us  to  niitg  as  other  (aptivet 
are  wont  to  do  ;  wo  at  last  complied,  for  alas,  what  oUu 
could  we  ill)  {  liut  wo  saiiK  the  'M'anticles  of  tli<'  Lortl 
ill  a  strange  hind.  "  Torture  followed  the  i  haiitiiitr,  iiiid 
its  fury  hurst  es|)e<ially  on  Heiie  and  lujself,  for  the  good 
savagu  still  kept  \N  illiam  in  his  hut.  Accordingly,  on 
me,  and  espei  iaily  on  Keiif>,  they  threw  hot  ashes  uml 
livo  coals,  hurning  him  terrihly  in  the  breast. 

They  next  hung  me  up  hctween  two  poles  in  the  hut, 
tied  by  tlu?  arms  ahove  the  elhow  w  ith  coarse  rope  woven 
of  the  hark  of  trees.  Then  I  tluuight  I  was  to  he  hiiriit, 
fur  thin  iti  one  of  their  usual  preliminaries.  And  that  I 
might  know  that,  if  I  had  thus  far  home  nnythiiig  with 
lortitude  or  evi-ii  with  ))atience,  the-p  «iime  not  from 
myself,  hut  from  llini  who  gives  strength  to  the  weary  ; 
now,  as  though  left  to  myself  in  this  torture,  I  groaned 
aloud,  for  ••  I  will  glory  in  my  infirmities  that  the  pow» 
er  of  Christ  may  ihvell  in  mo,"  {'2  Cor.  xii.  }>,)and  from 
my  intiTise  pain,  I  hegged  my  torturers  to  ease  me  sonio 
little  from  tho>e  hard,  rough  ropes.  Hut  (lod  justly 
ordained  that  the  more  1  pleaded,  the  more  tightly  tbey 
drow  my  chains.  At  last  when  I  hud  been  hanging 
thus  ul)out  a  quarter  of  an  liour,  they  unloosed  me  as  I 
was  on  the  point  of  fainting.     I  render  thee  thanks,  0 


94 


riRiLf   or    TiiK 


! 


T^ril  Jr«u«,  (liat  I  hnve  Inrtt  «llowr«l  to  l«»n»,  l>y  •om« 
blight  pxtM'ripncf*,  Imw  mm ti  thou  ilnUt  thi^ii  to  •iiffrr 
on  llif>  rriMi  fur  ni«',  \\]\n\  \\\v  wlioh<  HiiKht  ot  ihy  must 
*iici'i-(l  ImhIv  hiiii^  iHit  liy  rii|M'M,  liut  liy  (li>  Ii.ukU  unit 
fiT»  pii'iinl  l»y  liani*'*!  tiiiiU  !  Otlirr  «ii.»iiiii  lollowid 
th«'M',  for  wf  w«'H'  ti«'il  to  lb'  K""'"""'  '«»  I'"''*  •'"'  '•'•'  '•'' 
Ihit  niKht.  \Vli4it  ilitl  th«ty  not  thfii  do  to  my  fKmr 
Huron  coni|mniont  thiiN  ti<'(l  hiiml  unit  foot .'  Whiit  diit 
tlirv  not  iittrnipt  ou  n\v  i  Hut  onri'  niori'  I  tliank  \\\vv, 
I.011I,  th.a  llioii  iliil*l  -.avr  ino,  tliy  piirnt,  i-vrr  unmtllu'il 
fioni  till-  iinpiiii-  lumilH  of  tlio  naviimii.  Wlu-n  wo  huU 
tluu  «jMjnt  two  cliiVN  in  tlnit  vitlaK«%  w"  *»•'«'  tf«l  I'lW'k  to 
tlio  Mcronit  nhidi  wu  hiul  cntprctt,  tliat  our  fiiti<  niigitt 
Ih»  finally  ilrti'iniiniMl. 

Wi-  Intit  now  Immmi  for  wvon  «Iny«  li'il  from  vittuge  to 
villag«<,  from  •cuHottt  to  ■caflold,  tii'conio  a  mwitiu Ic  to 
(iod  anct  to  liin  unKcl»,  an  wr  may  Iio|m'  from  lii*  divine 
goodncMa  ;  u  hcoM"  and  jirr  to  tlip  vili-»t  mivagi'H,  wlien 
we  wiTP  nf  taut  told  that  that  day  iilioutd  end  our  livci 
amid  tlio  llanu-s.  Ttiougli,  iu  »ooth,  ttuH  taut  iwt  was  not 
witliout  it«  liorrorti,  y<'t  tlie  goo<l  ptraiiurf  of  (iod  nnd 
till!  hoiK!  of  a  iK'tti-r  tifi'  nutyrct  to  no  kin  ri'udi'ri'd  it 
niort'  oni!  of  joy.  Thrn,  nddroKsing  my  Frt'iuli  and 
Huron  (imipanionn  a»  it  were  for  thi-  tact  finir,  I  hid 
tluni  1)0  of  pood  hoart,  nmid  their  mi'ntal  and  hodily 
BufforinKH  to  think  "dilim'ntly  upon  liim  that  had 
ciidurod  RU<h  opimNitiim  of  NinntTi  agaiuNt  hini^df  not 
to  1)0  wi'ary,  fainting  in  thi'ir  niinilM,"  (  lli-h.  xii.  iJ,  ) 
but  to  hop*'  that  tho  morrow  would  unite  ub  to  our  (iod 
to  reign  forever. 

Fearing  lent  wo  might  \\o  torn  from  one  another,  I 
especially  advised  Eustace  to  look  towards  mc  when  we 


OOIAM      ANII      WILIirRN  I!II0» 


I'i^it  to  mitti'r 
lit  lit  lliy  inu«t 
y    hiiiHli    iiiiit 

Ulilll*     tollllWt'll 

till**  lilt'  I  rut  <»f 
til  my  jKHir 
tf  Wiiutdi.l 
1  thank  tlici>, 
cvir  iiiuullii'«l 
^'lu'n  we  htul 
<rc  lr<l  luu'k  tu 
ir    t'liti'    iiiiglit 

V(im  villugi'  to 
a  H|H.'(  tiu'lc    t«> 

om  hi*  <Uvino 
iiuvii^(*M,  wlicn 
end  uur  llvvi 
tiHt  lu-t  will  not 
re  ol'  (iod  luul 
in  re'ndfic'd  it 
ir  Frcmli  aii<l 
ixt  time,  I  hid 
till  nntl  hodily 
him  that  hud 
ixt  hini^'lf  not 
(  ll.'h.  \ii.  ;J,  ) 
UH  to  our  (iod 

onr  anotlior,  I 
U  mc  when  we 


lid  not  In*  ti>K«<lhi'r,  and  hy  pliuinif  hU  luinila  on  hb 
.  and  rtiiatng  his  cyrs  to  hcuM'n  to  iihow  hi*  rontri* 
tion  for  hi<«  *in*,  *o  that  I  conld  alMnlvc  him,  a*  I  had 
•Irmidy  riri|iii>iitly  done  aOi-r  hearing  hii  rtii<r«'i»iion  on 
the  way,  and  at\t<r  our  ai rival.  Ai  iidviM-d,  ho  M'wriil 
timcH  nmdi!  tho  nigiial. 

The  nachi'mN,  howi>vt>r,  on  fnnhfr  didih«iatii»n, 
rcwilvcd,  that  no  procipitatit  atep  wuk  to  !»<  takun  with 
rr^iird  to  the  l''i'('n<'h,  and,  wh«'n  they  had  Miinimimt'il  tu 
hiliiif  ilic  riiiiiiiil,  thry  drtliirid  that  inir  livr^  wcio 
•pared.  'I'll  alnumt  all  the  lliiroiiM  likowiM-  thi-y  granted 
tlifir  Uvea:  three  were  rxreplcd,  I'aid,  Kmita«e  and  Ste- 
phen, who  wi'if  put  to  death  in  the  three  \illii^i»  whi<h 
make  up  ihetiilMi;  Stephen  in  tlie  village  Hhere  wo 
were,  known  an  Andagoron,  I'aiil  in  Oimcrnendn,  and 
Kuitiicc  in  'leonontogcn.  The  hint  Mim  hurm'<l  in 
nlmoMt  every  part  of  his'hody  and  then  heheudeil ;  h« 
hore  all  mont  piouHly,  and  while  it  in  URual  for  dying 
captivcH  to  cry  out : 

"  Kinrlntur  nnUrIt  »t  owlbua  ultnr," 
"  Mkj  an  avdigor  u\ut  fniiu  our  Mtusi," 

he,  on  the  contrary,  in  the  ('hriHtian  Npirit  which  ho  had 
■o  dee|)ly  inihilH'd  in  baplium,  implored  hin  countrymen 
Htanding  around,  not  to  let  any  feeling  for  his  fate  pre« 
vent  the  oincluding  of  a  peace  with  the  Iniquoio.  I'aul 
(hionhoratdoii,  who,  arter  going  through  the  Jisual  fiery 
ordeal  was  tomahawked  in  tho  village  of  ONMerncnon, 
wai  u  young  man  of  about  twenty-five,  full  of  l;fo  and 
courage ;  for  nuch  they  generally  put  to  death,  to  8np  ai 
it  were  the  life-blood  of  the  hostile  trilio.  With  a 
noble  contempt  of  death  ariBing,  oh  he  openly  profcsied 


.36 


PERI  1. 3     O  K     T  n  E 


li 


on  thr  way,  from  his  hope  of  a  betfrr  lifr,  tliis  pcnorotin 
mail  liad  nipoatcdly,  vlicn  the  Iroquois  rntnc  up  to  me 
to  tt'ar  out  my  nails,  or  inflict  some  other  injury,  ofl'crcd 
liimsclf  to  tlioni,  hcjji^inf^  them  to  loavo  nu;  and  turn 
their  ra,t,'(!  on  him.  May  the  Lord  refurn  liim  a  hun- 
dred fohl  with  usuiv  for  that  lieroic  charitv,  which  h:d 
him  to  f,Mvc  liis  life  for  Win  friends,  and  for  those  who 
h,id  hegotten  him  in  Christ  in  hondage ! 

'I'owaids  evcMiiiif^'  of  that  day  they  carried  off  Wil- 
liam Couture,  whom  they  regarded  as  a  young  man  of 
unparalleled  courage,  to  Tcoiiontogen,  the  farthest  vil- 
lage of  their  territory,  and  gave  him  to  an  Indian  fam- 
ily. It  is  the  custom  of  these  savages,  when  tliey  sj)are 
ii  prisoner's  life,  to  adopt  liim  into  some  family  to  ^upply 
the  jilace  of  a  deceased  memher,  to  whose  rights  he  in 
a  manner  succeeds ;  he  is  suhject  thenceforward  to  no 
man's  orders  except  those  o^  the  head  of  that  family, 
who,  to  acquire  this  right,  ofRsrs  some  presents.  Hut 
Kceing  that  Rene  and  I  were  less  vigorous,  they  led  us 
to  the  first  village,  the  residence  of  the  party  that  had 
captured  us,  and  left  us  there  till  some  new  resolution 
should  he  taken. 

After  so  many  a  long  day  spent  fasting,  after  so  many 
sleepless  nights,  after  so  many  wounds  and  stripes,  and 
especially  after  such  heai't-rending  anguish  of  mind, 
when  at  lust  time  was,  so  to  speak,  given  us  to  feel  our 
sufferings,  we  sank  into  a  state  of  helplessness,  scarce  able 
to  walk,  or  even  stand  erect :  neither  night  nor  day  brought 
a  moment  of  repose ;  this  resulted  from  many  causes, 
but  chiefly  from  our  still  untended  Avounds  ;  this  state 
was  rendered  more  trying  by  the  myriads  of  lice,  fleas 
and  bedbugs,  of  Avhich  the  maimed  and  mutilated  state 


()  C  I'.  AN      AM)      W  I  1. 1)  i;  U  N  E  H  H  . 


m 


ifr,  tliis  prnoiotis 
s  cunw.  ii|»  to  nie 
;•!•  injiiiy,  ofl'cicd 
ve  luo  and  turn 
iirn  Iiitn  a  Imn- 
laiity,  wliit  li  led 
id  for  those  Avlio 

r'arnVd  olT  AVil- 
ayouiii,'  man  of 
tho  farthest  vil- 
•  an  Indian  fani- 
whon  tlioy  sj)arc 
family  to  ^uJ)J)ly 
liosc  rights  he  in 
locforward  to  no 
1  of  that  family, 
presents.  Hut 
ous,  they  led  ns 
e  party  that  had 
e  new  resolution 

g,  after  so  many 
and  stripes,  and 
guish  of  min-l, 
n  us  to  feel  our 
sness,  scarce  able 
;  nor  day  brought 
tn  many  causes, 
unds  ;  this  state 
Elds  of  lice,  fleas 
.  mutilated  state 


of  our  ring<'rs  did  not  permit  us  to  « leiir  our  persons. 
]{(!.-.id(;s  this,  \vc  suffered  from  hunger;  more  truly 
here  than  elsewhere  is  the  saj  ing, 

"  Ciliiw  lion  utili<  .1  urii." 

"  tni"!  U  hurltul  t«  till.'  fWk." 

So  that,  with  nothing  to  add  to  their  American  corn, 
(which  in  Europe  mc  call  Turkish,)  carelessly  bruised 
between  two  stones,  but  unrij)e  s(|uashes,  we  were 
brought  to  th(,' brink  of  the  grave;  and  i'cne,  e>|!((ially, 
whose  stomach  refused  this  food,  and  who,  from  his 
many  wounds,  had  almost  lost  his  sight, 

Tlie  Indians  then,  seeing  us  fail  day  by  day,  huntcid 
up  in  the  village  some  small  fishes  and  some  bits  of 
meat  dried  by  the  fire  and  sun,  and,  pounding  these, 
mixed  them  with  our  sagamity. 

After  three  weeks,  we  were  just  recovering  from  our 
illness  when  they  jought  to  put  us  to  death. 

The  two  hundred  Indians  who  had  maltreated  us  so 
on  the  way,  advanced  into  New  France,  to  the  point 
where  the  River  Irociuois,  so  called  from  them,  empties 
into  the  great  river  St.  Lawrence  ;  here,  seeing  a  party 
of  the  French  engaged  in  laying  the  foundations  of 
Fort  Richelieu,*  they  thought  thi;y  could  easily  kill 
some  and  carry  off  the  rest  as  prisoners.  Accordingly, 
to  the  number  of  two  hundred,  in  a  single  column  and 
almost  all  armed  with  muskets,  they  rushed  almost 
unexpected   upon  the  whites  engaged    in    the    various 

♦This  fort  WM  begun  on  the  Uth  of  Aajust,  1042,  at  the  pla<'e  nnw 
called  Sorel,  and  must  ndt  bo  confounded  with  the  one  built  by  ChamplaiD 
under  that  name  iu  U;;U,  on  tho  Isle  of  St.'  Croix,  15  leaguea  above  <juGb«e, 
ami  which  soon  disappeared. 


38 


PERILS     OF     THE 


M'orks.  At  the  first  onsot  of  the  foe,  the  Fiendi,  though 
hut  ii  huiulinl  coinpuied  to  the  iiumher  of  ihe  Havages, 
flew  to  arms,  and  so  bravely  and  snt-cessfully  repulsed 
their  fierce  assailants,  that,  after  killing  two,  and  wound- 
ing many  more,  they  i)ut  the  rest  to  Hight.  The  war 
party  returned  furious,  luid,  as  though  they  luid  he»'u 
greatly  wronged  who  had  gone  forth  to  do  wrong, 
demanded  the  death  of  those  of  us  who  were  yet  alive. 
They  asserted  it  to  he  a  shame  that  three  Frenchmen 
should  live  quietly  among  them  wlien  they  had  so  lately 
blain  three  Irotjuois.  J{y  these  complifints,  Iteue's 
sai'ety,  especially,  and  my  own,  were  in  great  jeopardy. 
lie  alone,  who,  as  he  gave,  protecteth  life,  warded  off 
the  blow. 

On  the  eve  of  the  Nativity  of  the  Blessed  Virgin,  one 
of  the  i)rincipal  Hollanders,  who  have  u  settlement  not 
more  than  twenty  leagues*  from  tliese  Indians,  came 
with  two  others,t  to  endeavor  to  cil'ect  our  liberation. 
He  remained  there  several  days,  offered  much,  promised 
more,  obtained  nothing.  But,  as  they  are  a  wily  and 
cunning  race  of  savages,  in  order  not  to  appear  to  refuse 
all  that  a  friend  asked,  but  to  concede  something  to  his 
desires,  they  lyingly  asserted  that  they  would,  in  a  few 
days,  restore  us  to  our  countrymen.  This  was,  perhaps, 
the  M-ish  of  some  of  them,  but,  in  the  latter  part  of  Sep- 
tember; (for  constant  rain  had  put  the  matter  off  till 
that  time,)  a  final  council  was  held  on  our  fate,  although 

*  Wu  leave  tliia,  althuugh  wo  cannot  reconcile  it  witli  UistitDcei  elsewhere 
given. 

t  Tlioae  were  Arends  Van  Curler,  Jacob  Janaen,  and  JoLn  Labadie.  Van 
Curlur,  the  Curlcaruf  history,  then  commanding  the  post,  guneroualjr  otTered 
360  piastres  as  a  ransom  for  the  French. 


« 


)  Frencli,  fhoiij^h 
«)!'  ilic  savages, 
sssfnUy  rcpulsfil 
two,  and  moiiikI- 
Hiijlit.  The  war 
tlu-y  had  bi't'ii 
1   to   do   wrong, 

0  M-eie  yet  alive, 
ireo  Ficnclimcn 
hey  liad  so  hitely 
iphiints,    Itene'y 

great  jeopardy, 
life,  warded  off 

issed  Virgin,  one 
Li  settlement  not 
e  Indians,  cume 
t  our  liberation, 
much,  promised 
are  a  wily  and 
ajjpear  to  refuse  , 
something  to  his 
would,  in  a  few 
lis  was,  perhaps, 
tter  part  of  Sep- 
e  matter  off  till 
ir  fate,  although 

th  distitDces  eluewbere 

1  Jutin  Labadie.  Van 
jst,  guneroualjr  otTered 


OCEAN      AND     W  I  I,  U  E  H  N  K  S  S  , 


39 


provisions  had  hei-n  jjrejiared  and  men  appointrd  to 
take  us  hack.  Here  the  opinion  of  the  few  well  inilined 
was  rejected.  Confusion  carried  the  day,  iuid  some 
clamorous  chiefs  declared  that  the)  would  never  suller 
a  Frcui  hniaii  to  he  taken  back  alive.  The  council  broke 
up  in  alarm,  and  each,  as  if  in  Hight,  returned  honu*, 
even  those  who  came  from  other  villages.  Left  thus  to 
the  cruelty  of  bl(H)dthirsty  meUj  attempts  were  constantly 
made  on  our  lives.  Some,  tomahawk  in  hand,  [jrowled 
around  the  cabins  to  find  and  desjiatch  us.  However, 
towards  the  close  of  the  coumil,  (iod  had  inspired  me 
with  some  thought  that  induced  me  to  draw  my  com- 
])aMions  together  without  the  village  in  a  field  beh)ng- 
ing  to  the  house  where  I  was ;  here,  ignorant  of  what 
had  transjiired,  we  lay  hid  as  it  were  in  safety,  until  the 
storm,  beneath  which  we  should  all  have  fallen,  had  we 
remained  in  the  village,  was  somewhat  calmed. 

William  was,  after  this,  taken  back  by  his  master,  to 
his  own  village  ;  Uene  and  I,  ])erceiving  that  there  was 
now  no  hope  of  our  return,  withdrew  to  a  neighboring 
hill,  which  commands  the  village,  in  order  to  pray. 
Here,  remote  from  every  witness,  and  from  all  officious 
intrusion,  wc  resigned  ourselves  entirely  to  God  and  to 
his  holy  will  ;  on  our  road  back  to  the  village,  we  were 
reciting  our  beads,  and  had  already  completed  four 
decades  of  the  rosary,  when'  we  met  two  young  men 
who  commanded  us  hi  return  to  the  village.  "  Dear 
brother,"  s;iid  I,  "  we  know  not  what  may  be,  in 
this  perio'd  of  "general  excitement,  the  design  of  those 
men.  Let  us  commend  ourselves  earnestly  to  God, 
and  to  the  most  Blessed  Virgin,  our  good  Mother." 
We  had  reached  the   village  in  prayer,  when,  at  its 


r 

I' 

f 


40 


P  E  n  1 1. 8     OF     T  11  iS 


very  ciifnince,  odp  of  tlio  two  whom  v.c  liad  met,  ]^\m•k• 
w^  forth  his  t<.niah:iwk  which  wiiM  coiutah'd  in  liis 
divsn,  (h'alt  Heuc  so  dciully  a  blow  on  the  head,  tliat 
lie  fi'll  lifeless,  invoking  the  most  holy  nanu'  of  Jesus 
as  he  fell.  \Vo  hi.d  hapi-ily,  n>indful  of  the  indiil- 
j,'ence  tlierel)y  gained,  often  reminded  each  other  to 
close  our  life  by  uttering,  with  uur  dying  voice,  that 
most  holy  name. 

At  the  sight  of  the  reeking  hatchet,  I  knelt  down 
on  the  s])ot,  and,  uncovering  my  head,  awaited  a  like 
blow,  Hut,  when  1  had  been  there  a  moment  or  two, 
thev  bade  me  rise,  as  they  had  no  right  to  kill  me,  for  I 
was  the  slave  of  another  family.  Rising  then  in  haste, 
I  ran  to  my  still  breathing  companion,  and  conferred 
absolution,  which  I  was  in  the  habit  of  giving  him 
after  Iuh  confession  every  other  day  ;  then  two  other 
Iflows,  dealt  before  my  very  face,  added  him  to  the 
nundjcr  of  the  blessed.  He  was  thirty-five  years  of 
age,  eminent  for  his  simplicity  of  manners,  his  inno- 
cence of  life,  his  patience  in  adversity,  entirely  sub- 
missive to  God,  whom  he,  in  all  things,  regarded  as 
present  before  his  eyes,  and  resigned  to  his  most  holy 
Mill  in  love.  Most  Morthy  is  he.  Reverend  Father, 
to  be  counted  among  thy  children,  not  only  because 
he  had  spent  several  months  in  one  of  the  novitiates 
of  the  Society,  in  a  most  edifying  manner,  and  had 
afterwards,  by  the  command  of  S^uperiors,  to  whom  he 
gave  the  entire  disposal  of  his  life,  proceeded  to  Huro- 
nia,  to  aid  the  Christian  population  by  his  medical 
knowledge,  but  especially  does  he  merit  it  from  the  fact, 
that,  a  few  days  before  his  death,  impelled  by  a  desire 
of  uniting  himself  more  closely  to  God,  he  pronounced 


OCEAN     AND     WILDERNESS, 


41 


liad  met,  pluclv- 
oiKTiilcd  in    Ilia 

tilt'  h(,'iiil,  thiit 
•  name  of  Jesus 
I  of   tlu'  imliil- 

ciuh  other  to 
lying  voice,  that 

t,  I  knelt  down 
;,  awaited  a  like 
moment  or  two, 
to  kill  me,  for  I 
ig  then  in  haste, 
I,  and  conferred 
of  giving  him 
then  two  other 
led  hinv  to  the 
ty-five  years  of 
nners,  his  inno- 
ty,  entirely  sub- 
igs,  regarded  as 
to  his  most  holy 
evcrcnd  Father, 
lot  only  because 
of  the  novitiates 
nanner,  and  had 
iors,  to  whom  he 
)ceeded  to  Huro- 
by  his  medical 
t  it  from  the  fact, 
died  by  a  desire 
1,  he  pronounced 


the  usual  vows  of  the  Society  to  subject  liimself  to  it 
as  fur  ns  in  him  hiy.  And  certain  it  is  that,  in  life  as 
in  death,  where  his  last  word  was  the  most  holy  name 
of  Jos';8,  he  had  proved  himself  no  unworthy  son  of  tho 
Society.  Nay,  I  not  only  love  him  as  a  biother,  but 
revere  him  as  a  martyr — mar^vr  to  obedience,  and  still 
more,  a  martyr  to  the  faith  an(i  to  the  cross.  As  he  was 
very  pious,  and  accustomed  to  be  with  the  Christians, 
or  such  as  were  most  intimate  with  our  Cluistians,  In? 
daily  spent  a  long  time  in  prayer,  to  the  wonder  and 
even  suspicion  of  the  savages,  so  novel  did  it  seem  to 
them.  These  suspicions  were  confirnied  in  their  minds 
when  one  day,  taking  off  the  cap  of  a  child  in  tho  hut 
where  ho  lived,  he  made  him  make  a  sign  of  tho  cross 
on  his  breast  and  forehead;  for  a  siiperstitious  old 
Indian,  the  grandfather  of  the  boy,  seeing  this,  ordered 
him  to  be  killed.  This  I  afterwards  learned  from  the 
boy's  mother,  who  told  me  that  he  had  been  killed 
by  the  old  man  for  that  reason. 

Ihit  to  resume  my  narrative  :  after  I  had  been  seatec'^v 
a  little  while  in  our  hut,  where  my  life  had  been  pretty 
quiet,  I  was  taken  to  another,  the  hut  of  him  who  had 
cut  off  my  thumb,  a  most  bitter  enemy  of  the  Algon- 
quins,  and  consequently  of  the  French.  Here,  not  I 
alone,  but  the  other  Iroquois,  every  moment  expected 
to  see  me  tomahawked.  Accordingly,  some  who  had 
given  me  articles  of  clothing,  that  I  might,  in  part  at 
least,  cover  my  person,  now  asked  them  back,  for  fear 
of  losing  them  by  my  death. 

The  next  day,  I  was  filled  with  the  greatest  anxiety 
to  know  what  had  become  of  my  dear  companion,  that 
I  resolved  to  look  for  his  body  at  all  hazards,  and  com- 
i* 


42 


PK.  lllt.H     ni'     l  II  B 


iiiit  it,  if  |i(i-»>il)li-,  to  tlic  c.iitli.  After  strippiiiK  it 
cntin-ly,  they  liinl  contnuptiioiiKly  ticil  n  lopo  iiroimd 
the  iH'tk,  and  (IriiKi^iii^  it  tlii()iii,'h  the  villinc,  had  lliiii|i^ 
it  into  !i  raviiK!  at  r.  coii-ddfiiihlc  diNfiiiirc.  As  I  wan 
goin},'  out  of  tlio  village,  I  iiiot  tlic  old  man  in  wlio>c 
Imt  I  had  foinicily  hi'tu  ;  hi-  advi^-cd  nir  to  stay  at 
homo.  "  Whither  art  tlioii  hnrryinK?"  he  cxc) 'Imi'd, 
'•  ihon  art  Ncarco  alive  ;  they  seek  thee  everywhere  to 
blay  thee,  and  yet  thou  ^'oest  to  ilnd  an  ahcaily  putrefy- 
ing corpse  ;  dost  thou  not  see  those  lierix"  young  hravei, 
who  are  ahout  to  kill  thee?  "  Some,  in  faet,  went  out 
of  the  village  armed,  just  heforo  mo  ;  hut  I  fearlessly 
pursued  my  way  ;  for,  in  my  hittcT  anguish,  it  was  a 
pain  to  liv«!,  a  gain  to  die  in  Kiuh  a  work  of  charity. 
When  the  old  man  saw  me  so  resolute,  he  asked  an- 
other Indian  to  go  with  mo.  Hy  his  assistance,  I  foun<l 
the  hody,  which  the  dogs  had  hegun  to  gnaw  ahout  thn 
hips,  and,  sinking  it  in  the  deepest  part  of  the  torrent, 
covered  it  with  a  heap  of  (.tones,  intending  to  return 
the  next  day  with  a  spade,  and  bury  it  secretly  and 
alono,  for  I  was  afraid  they  would  disinter  it. 

As  I  rc-cntcred  our  hut,  two  young  men  were  waiting 
to  take  me  to  their  village  to  put  me  to  death.  Aware 
of  their  design,'!  told  them  that  I  was  in  the  hands  of 
those  with  whom  I  lived,  that  if  they  gave  the  slightest 
consent,  I  would  accompany  them,  and  would  in  fact 
have  done  so.  Seeing  that  they  gainei^  nothing  in  this 
way,  the  next  day  one  of  them  who,  at  the  time  of  our 
capture,  had  been  wounded  with  his  brother,  seeing  me 
in  the  field  whither  I  had  gone  to  execute  «=ome  order 
of  my  owners,  seized  a  hatchet  and  was  rushing  on  me 
to  kill  me,  when  he  was  stopped  by  an  old  man  of  our 


OCR  AN      AM)      W  I  1. 1)  KRN  Kfld. 


ler  Nfrippiiig  it 
i  II  ropu  iiiiiiiikI 
iil;it{c,  liad  Wnufjf 
Iff.  Ah  I  Wilt 
il  111. in  in  wlioKU 

inc  ti»  stay  at 
'   lie  cxc)  'lint'd, 

cvcrvwlicn;  to 
alifady  putiL'fy- 
:e  yomi^  liiavci, 
II  fact,  went  out 
liiit  I  fiNirlo^sly 
iKiiisli,  it  was  il 
voik  of  charity, 
to,  lu!  asked  an- 
sistancc,  I  found 

gnaw  about  tho 
t  of  tho  torrent, 
iidinp   to   return 

it  secretly  and 
iter  it. 
lien  were  waiting 

0  death.  Aware 
in  the  hands  of 
ave  the  sliglitest 
;l  would  in  fact 
'  nothing  in  this 
the  time  of  our 
other,  seeing  me 
:ute    "nme   order 

1  rushing   on  me 
old  man  of  onr 


f<imily,  nnd  prevented  from  arrornpllHhing  his  diMgri. 
TliiiH  did  tho  Aliriighiy  teadi  mo  "to  ca.,t  all  my  «oUci- 
tudc  oil  him,"  knowing  that  he  hath  cure  of  nie,  and  that 
1  hhould  not  fear  the  i^rv  of  a  man  when  the  Almighty 
was  tho  protector  of  my  lif,.,  without  whose  permission 
not  II  hair  could  fall  from  my  head. 

As  I  could  not  that  day  accomplish  my  design,  early 
the  next  morning  I  proceeded  to  the  spot  with  a  spado 
or  hoe  to  inter  tho  body,  l,ut  alas,  fh,>y  ha.l  carried  off 
my  brother.  I  returned  to  th.!  sp,,t ;'  I  doHcended  tho 
mount  at  the  foot  of  which  the  torrent  ran  ;  I  descended 
agaui  ;  [  searched  the  wood  on  the  opposite  Hide,--all, 
all  in  vain.  The  torrent  ran  swollen  by  the  night  rains, 
l>ut,  unrestnined  by  either  its  depth  or  the  cold,  for  it 
was  the  first  of  October,  I  tried  the  br.ttom  with  my 
stick  and  feet,  as  I  thought  that  tho  stream  might  have 
borne  it  to  another  spot;  1  asked  all  whom  T  met, 
whelher  they  knew  anything  of  him  ;  but  as  they  are  a 
most  lying  race,  and  always  give  an  afRrmative  'answer 
without  regard  to  truth,  they  falsely  told  me  that  he  had 
been  dragged  to  a,  quite  distant  river.*  What  groans  did 
I  not  utter  then !  What  tears  did  I  not  shed,  mingling 
them  with  the  waters  of  tiiat  mountain  stream,  chanting 
to  thee,  my  God,  the  psalms  thy  holy  Church  employs 
in  the  service  of  the  dead  ! 

When,  however,  the  snows  had  melted  away,  I  heard 
from  the  young  men  that  they  had  seen  the  scattered 
bones  of  the  P>enchman.  Hurrying  to  the  spot,  I  gath- 
ered up  the  half-gnawed  bones,  the  remnants  left  by  the 

•  This  river  wu  evidently  tlio  Mohawk,  and  the  town  Andagoron  Hy  near 
a  .treain  running  into  it.  Andagoron  or  Gandagoron,  wat  afterwardi  called 
Oandawagae,  now  written  Caughnawaga. 


V 


44 


P  K  M  I  I.  H     OK     T  II  » 


ilo«M,  llic  foMH  ;iiwl  tin-  riowH,  iiimI  .-.im  f  Lilly  t\w  Hkiill 
Iriuliiiid  ill  iiiiiny  pl.nf;  tli«M.  irvoinitly  ki^^inK,  I 
ronimittiMl  to  tlu!  curtli,  tliiit  I  ini,i(lil,  oni'dii),  if  mi»h 
were  (hnW  will,  iM-ar  xilli  nin  iih  u  Kii-uf.  IrcuNiin-  to  ii 
(■iiiiM'cnitril  (  liii'^li.iii  l.ind. 

Fiom  in.iny  t.tli(  r  (laiiKciN,  wliiili  I  knew    anil    kiirw 
not,  (lid  tin-  1.01(1  iTHCiu'  me,  in  M|)it«'  of  nil   iho   ill  will 
und  liaU'of  tlif  Ii«)nuoi«,  iiiiwilliiiK  iiiid   fiirioun  un  fho 
Ir(i(|ii()iM  wt'iu.      lint    the  lollrtwiiiK  I  mIii)IiI(1  not   omit. 
'I'licic  was  ill  our  caliiii  an  idiot  who  asked  inc  to  l(.'t  liim 
cut  oil  two  itandN'  Itrc.idlli  lioin  a  wiTttlicd    bit  of  doth 
not  KCVfii  jmlniH  loiiK,  yet  idl  that    I    had   to  covor  nic. 
Hrollu'r!  oaid  I,  yon  m-c  iiu!  shivering  every  iii^ht  niidir 
this  short  thin    coxeriii^;    yet    do   as    thon    wilt.      My 
modest  exciiM-  ollindeil  him,  aiKl  when  soon  after  I  went 
to  the  hnls  of   tlie     hapti/cd     Hiiioiih,    whom    I    daily 
iiistueted  und  hore  ai^.iin  till  (Miri^t  ■dionld  he  formed  in 
thcni,  ((Jid.  iv.  l\),)  he  came  in  seiurli  of  me,  and  fiereely 
hade  me  return.      When  1  had  entered  onr  cahin,  \U'i\{:\ 
murderer  wan  sent  f(»r,  that  the   same  hand   might   end 
both  our  lives  ;  they  looked  for  him  in    vain,  he   ronld 
not  be  found.     I  was  arrordingly  sent  the  ne.\t  day  into 
afield  of  my  master's  with  two  women,  under  tlu;  pretext 
of  bringing  back  some  article  or  other,  but   in  fact  to 
expose  me  to  death  ;  for,  two  days  before,  the   only  son 
of  one  of  their  noble  women  had  died  in  our  cabin,  and 
I  was  to  l)c  sacrificed  to  liiw  mtinci. 

These  women  bad  Avith  them  the  squashes,  corn  and 
other  articles  of  the  kind  which  were  to  1)C  the  fee  of  my 
executioner.  "  liut  1,  like  a  deaf  man,  heard  not"  the 
vain  things  they  devised,  "  and  like  a  dumb  man  opened 
not  my  mouth,  and  I  became  like  a  man  that  heareth  not, 


rcKKH      A  N  l»     W  I  I,  DKRN  KHH. 


4/1 


ri.illy  tlin  Nkitll 
•iitly  ki<«Mnf(,  I 
10  (lay,  if  niif'h 
t    trciismr    to   ix 

irw    niul   kiH'W 

alt    till-    III  will 

i'lirioiiH   iiH  lh(! 

Iioiilil  iiiit  omit. 

I'd  iiif  to  let  liim 

led    hit  of  cloth 

il   to  (oviT  nic. 

/cry  iii^ht  uiulrr 

hoii    wilt.      My 

i(»ori  iiftfi-  I  wfiit 

whom    I    diiily 

lid  1)0  fonnnd  in 

mo,  ami  ficiroly 

iiir  cahin,  K('Ii/;'n 

and   nii^ht    rnd 

vain,  he   rould 

h«  next  day  into 

indiT  th(!  pretext 

,  hut   in   fact  to 

ro,  the   only  son 

1  our  cabin,  and 

ashes,  corn  and 
l)c  the  fee  of  my 
,  heard  not "  the 
VI  mb  man  opened 
that  heareth  not, 


nor  hilh  :i  reply  in  hit  motifh, "  HN.  xxxvii.  M,) 
••  iHTiiUNe  in  thee,  ()  |,ord,  have  I  hoped  j  "  hut,  mindful 
of  hit  meekneHH  "  who  w.m  led  like  a  I  imh  to  the  h|,im^Ii> 
ler,  "  fA'tn  viii.  H'.i,)  I  Mi-iit  to  my  drMlh,  \»-'^'X\iiir  the 
l<oid  with  I>,i\id  "  to  turn  au.iy  e\il  I'mm  my  enemiei 
and  Rcatter  thi-m  in  hit  tniih." — W,  liii.  7.  Alinut 
midway  we  nu't  the  lo(»ked-for  murderer  j  Neein^  him 
eomiuK  »•  '<■  diNt.iiKi-,  I  rommended  myself  for  lh«'  l.ist 
time  to  (idil,  \u^i(\i\'^  him  tr)  rcreivi-  my  life  xpMit  with 
care  and  lm^(lli^ll  ;  liiil  my  Nins  hfill  reiideied  me  iinvw»r- 
fhy.  lie  puftM-rl  (piietly  hy  us,  ami  meeting  hii  mother, 
dhe  addrcNhed  Home  W(>rd«,  of  what  import  I  know  not, 
to  tlume  who  comliufcd  rne  ;  on  this,  Iremhliim  and  (lei-- 
iii>,'  as  it  were,  they  left  me  in  the  ro.id,  for  they  nnw 
that  I  waM  aware  of  their  desi^Mi. 

Amid  this  fre<|tu'nt  lear  and  death,  while  every  day  I 
die,  or  rather  dra^  on  n  life  more  hitter  than  any  death, 
two  months  ^^lided  away.  During  this  time  I  mat'e  no 
effort  to  learn  their  lan^'iia^'e,  for  why  slioiiM  I,  who 
every  moment  expected  to  die  .'  'I'lie  village  was  a  prison 
for  me.  1  avoided  iM-inj^  seen,  I  loved  the  wild  wood, 
where  1  he^^ed  the  Lord  not  to  di-rlain  to  sjK-'k  to  hitt 
Borvant,  to  give  me  strength  in  such  f<-arfiil  triaN,  in 
which,  indeed,  if  1  have  iM'conu;  a  prodigy  to  m  uiy,  (Jod 
was  my  stout  Help<'r,  and  often  by  his  unfailint.'  goodness 
roused  my  drooping  spirits.  I  hat'  n^cojirse  to  tiie  Holy 
Scriptures,  my  only  refuge  in  the  tril.ulafions,  which 
had  found  me  exceedingly  :  these  did  I  venerate  ;  with 
these  I  wished  to  die.  Of  all  the  hooks  which  we  were 
carrying  to  Iluronia  for  the  use  of  the  Frenchmen  living 
there,  none  had  fallen  into  my  hands  but  the  Epistle  of 
St.  Paul  to  the  Hcbicws,  with  the  paraphrase  of  the  Rt. 


4$  r  Kill  IX    or    Til  1^ 

llcv.  AiithiMi)  (ioilii'i,  !U'!i<>j»  of  dill/.     III!-*  litil*. 

lMK»k,  «illi  ii  |ii(liin'  of  St.  IJriiiin,  the  illiixtriotiH  I'l ilrf 

of  tli.'('ailliii»ia»  (Inlcr,  to  wlii«  h  noiiii'  ImlulKi'iKt"  mito 
att.M'ln'«l,  mill  11  null!  wooilcn  i  rot"  w  liii  li  '  Ii.mI  nia'lf,  I 
altt,i>M  ciini.'.l  alinitt  nit',  h<»  tlnit,  wliciu'vi-i  <l.iillt,  «lii<h 
1  hall  I'Vi'i'  iHi'Miit  Im'Iihc  my  i-yu*,  slmnlil  htiiki'  nio 
down,  I  iimlil  nv'».t  iIhh-i fully  <Uu  with  llio  Holy  Snip, 
turc'n  whirh  Imd  rvi-r  Ihtii  my  K^'ati-M  loimolalioii,  with 
llu!  mart'ii  ami  imliilt^nn  !"<  of  tuy  tno«t  lioly  :\fiitl;n-  flu* 
Clmirli,  whom  I  hal  alwayw  ijiiMtlv,  hut  now  mo^l  trsi- 
ilitly,  loM'il,  uiiil  with  till-  no-'*  of  my  I.011I  ami  S.ivior. 

Ami  now  the  niidilU'  of  OittlK-r  wa»  come  when  tlin 
ImliaiiM  li-avf  tlu-ir  villu^'fM  to  no  ami  hunt  cIcit,  wliiili 
thi'V  take  l»y  traps,  or  kill  with  thiir  koiin,  in  tin*  ih*'  of 
whii  h  thoy  are  vory  skiiCiil.  'I'lii-*  mmmiii,  to  tin;  Imliaii* 
one  of  iflaxatiou  and  cnjoymi'iit,  liron^ht  itH  nuw  Imrdi-n 
of  HoriowH  for  me  ;  for  1  wui*  kivi'h  to  ji  party,  who  wuro 
Hiitt  uiimzed  ut  me,  then  vidiciiled,  and  at  la^t  l)eg.ui  to 
hute  mo. 

Mindful  of  tht!  thnraoter  iinpoHcd  upni  mo  by  (JimI, 
I  bi'^aiv  with  inod('!ity  to  di'<t;oiin«e  with  thi-in  of  the 
odorution  of  one  only  (iod,  of  the  obnervance  of  Iiih  coin- 
mandnu'iitrt,  of  heaven,  hell,  and  the  other  mysteries  of 
our  F'oth,  as  fully  as  I  Wii>  able.  At  first,  indeed,  they 
lieteocd,  l)ut  when  they  saw  me  eonstantly  racur  to  tlieso 
thinf^H,  and  especially  when  the  ehase  did  not  meet  with 
the  desired  Hncccss,  then  they  duelared  that  I  was  an 
Otkon,*  who  ratiscd  '.hem  to  take  ho  little  paine.  Hut 
what  turned  their  ill-will  into  perfect  rajjc  and  fury,  s') 
to  speak,  was  this:  It  is  a  custom  with  all  these  nations 
to  have  recourse,  in  their  hunting,  fishing,  war,  sickness, 

•  Demon. 


or  r.  A  51    Axn    u  i  r  iir.  n  n  Kim. 


m 


It.  'I'KU  liitU 
ixtriiMiH  roiiiiilrf 
fliilfO'tuT'  wrro 
I  liiMi  iiia'l)',  I 
vt  ili'iitl),  \y\u<  ti 
tiiilil  r>(iik(*  nic 
111'  Holy  Si-ilp. 
iiiMtil.itiiiii,  with 
ii>ly  Aliitl;ri-  the 
'  now  »ao>l  U'ii- 
oi'tl  ami  S;»vi<»r. 
■omo  wlii'ti  tlio 
ttt  dwr,  which 

IN,  ill   tin*  It"*'  of 

I,  tu  tlio  Iiiili.iiiit 

ilN  ni>w  Itiirdci) 

|iiufy,  who  were 

t  hint   In'g.in  to 

m  mo  hy  (j(«l, 
th  thiin  of  tho 
aiice  of  hiH  cmn- 
vr  inystfiics  of 
ist,  iiulc'ofi,  tliry 
ly  n-cur  t<i  flifsii 
<l  not  meet  with 
that  I  Was  nn 
tie  pamo.  Hut 
pc  and  fury,  so 
;ill  thoNC  nations 
g,  war,  sickness, 


mill  ihr  lik»«,  to  n  ri'rtuin  drmnn  mIm.ih  tiny  «mII  Aiir-ko|. 
Whnovt  r  lUniri'i*  hiN  fli»hiiiK,  hunting,  or  otlu-r  t'\\H>- 
ilitiunn  to  li«>  miriC'xi.ful,  lakit  tiii'iif,  and  otlicr  of  tliii 
In'ttiT  intii  Ic*  (if  food,  and  lu'vC  flu"  okltif  „f  t|„.  |,„i|„u 
or  villai(i'  to  /</»t<  tlicni  for  liiiii,  If  I  iiiiy  ii-i'  tin  term  ; 
and  tlu-H'  .III'  nonu!  to  whtiM>  hh»-iii«i  tliry  attai  h  iiioro 
valiii*  than  to  olhcrN,  Tho  rdd  luan,  Maiidin^  o|i|io»it(« 
till-  OIK!  that  hidtU  tho  meat,  in  .i  Imid  and  di«tin''t  voire, 
Hlifak"*  thuH  .  "  <),  di'inon  .\i««'*ivoi,  IM-Iiold,  we  oHlr  thii 
nil  at  to  tiicf,  and  tVoni  it  wo  prj-pan-  ihcc  .t  l)ain|ti«'f, 
that  thou  niayrst  i-at  ♦lirrrof,  :ind  xlmw  un  whi-if  tlir 
lifur  luv  lurkinj^,  may<"«t  h'ad  thrni  iiuo  our  trap-. ;  "~ 
( if  not  diMitiK  tho  rha«') — ••that  hy  fhcp  wc  may  tigaiii 
hrhold  tlu"  H|>;i:ig,  fa^t^•  the  new  harvr-t,  and  again 
I'liK'iKe  in  fh«  chaM'  in  the  fldl;"— fif  in  illi»'«i«) — 
••  that  hy  these  wc  may  recover  health." 

Tho  verytiixt  time  I  heard  ti  formula  couched  in  -«uch 
MonU,  I  was  tilleil  with  a  deep  drtestation  of  thin  miv- 
ni^e  supeiNtilion,  and  (iniily  resrdved  to  ah>faiu  forever 
from  nuMts  thus  oll'eied.  They  interpreted  this  idi-ti- 
nenec  on  my  part,  and  thin  confetn|it  of  tln'ir  «hinon.*aii 
the  cause  of  their  taking  so  little  game;  •' the  wicked 
have  hated  ine  without  caui<e." — lohn  xv.  Q.''t.  As 
under  the  iidliie;itc  of  this  hate,  they  would  neither 
listen  to  my  instructiors,  nor  help  me  to  ncqniie  their 
laiiKuage,  in  which  I  refuted  thoir  fahles,  I  resolved  to 
devote  my  time  entirely  to  spiritual  exercises.  Accord- 
ingly, I  went  forth  every  morning  from  the  midst  of 
tiuit  Hahylon,  that  ir.,  our  Inf  where  constant  worship 
was  paid  to  the  devil  and  to  dreams,  and  "saved  myself 
in  the  mountain,"  ((Jenesis  xix.  17,;  a  neighboring  hill. 
Jlero  I  had  formed  a  'arge  cross   on  a  majestic  tree  by 


r 


>• 


48 


r R R 1 1. M   or  T II « 


■trippini^  off  till'  li,irk,  ami,  at  U-  Inot,  I  ojNiit  tlir  wliolfl 

lIlIN    MitlltllV    <iiill,  mImiIII,    illlll(i«t     llllilll'    ill    IImi«*    ViKt 

ll<^ioll•,  I  «oriilii|<|H  il  iiiiil  lovnl  i  miiMiliiiii-it  in  nii'ili- 
liition  (»r  ill  piit\fri  itt  other  iiiiiiN  mmiIihk  itii  "  fiiiltu- 
liiiii  til'Clniif,"  wliirh  I  hitil  jiiit  IkIoic  riTu\«T«'tl.  'I'liix 
fur  iKMnr  liinv  wii«  iiii|t«'ririv«'tl  ;  liiif,  (ui  titii' nnai«irin, 
lillllilt^'  ttic,  it*i  WHN  my  woiir,  in  |ii.i\t'i'  iK'loir  nty  ciukx, 
tlicy  tiltatki'il  nil-  mo^t  >iiili'iilly,  MviiiK  tlii>t  ihcy  liittrd 
tilt*  ccuNit  ;  tliiit  it  wtM  a  iiigii  that  tlicy  anil  llicir  i'lifmU 
tlir  nri^hlxuH,  (r,iir(i|Huii'«,)  kiu.'w  nut,  iilliiiliii^  (o  llio 
Uiilrjk  l'ruic!«raiit>i. 

I  poll  lliiit,  I  chiitiKi'd  my  ('on(liit't,niiil  wlu'rcim  1  liud 
iN-foic  raiL'fiilly  avoided  piayiiiK  or  kneeling  in  their 
hut,  that  I  iiii^ht  not  give  them  the  alightcxt  reason  to 
tDiiiplain,  ( lor  W(>  Khonld,  eK|H-(ially  ainoiig  navagec, 
hut  liltht  a(('iiNiomod  to  huc  h  thiiig^^,  act  in  all  piudeiue,) 
1  now  eoiieeivi'd  that  I  Hhoiild  no  htnger  reiVain  rrom 
tlinito  pioiiH  oxoreiMUN  whirh  inako  up  u  KpiiUiial  life,  .^ 
lil'e  I  far  prefeiied  to  my  temporal  one.  Thin  I  Ihj- 
lit'vcd  would  Im>  nerviceahh-  to  them  when  the  moment 
of  their  fonveri»ion  nhould  rome,  "  whieli  the  lather 
hath  put  in  liin  own  power." — Attn  i.  7. 

While  thuH  an  ohjeet  of  their  enmity,  I  certainly  nuf- 
feied  miuh  from  hunger  and  r(dd,  the  eonlempt  of  the 
lowent  of  the  men,  the  hitter  hatred  of  their  women. 

The  latter,  who  are  the  greateitt  gainer*  hy  the  hunt- 
ing Mcaton,  reganled  me  iw  the  raune  of  their  want  and 
poverty.  1  "ufrered  moMt  from  hunget  ;  for,  on  nImoHt 
nil  the  veni»<on  on  which  they  rhietly  lived  had  iK'en 
oflered  to  the  devil  in  these  ohiations,  I  Hpent  many  dayn 
fasting  ;  and,  almoNt  every  night,  when  I  came  in  fast- 
ing, I  would  Bce   our  Kgyptiuns  sitting  over  their  fleKh- 


or  KAN      AN  II     Wll.nrilNKIt, 


4t 


1  o|N  ht  till'  M  IiiiIm 
III'    ill    Ilium'    ViKt 

iM'liinfit  III  iiM'ili- 

iilillK  III!    "  llllilll- 

'  ri'<uvn«'«l.  'I'liin 
on  ntw  nvvii*'um, 
Im'I'oii'  my  c'liKo, 
<  lliat  itii'V  Itiktcd 
ami  tlicir  t'liciuU 

,  llllllllill^  III    tliu 

id  wlinniN  I  had 

uici'liiiK  ill   tlifir 

liKlilcNt  ifiiNoa  to 

atiioiiK    NiiviigrR, 

ill  ull  pnidciiiT,) 

gi*r   ri'lVuiii  iVurri 

a  MpintUid  life,  li 

tH'.     TliiH    1   l>c- 

liiMi  lh«!  iiiomciit 

vliicit  the  lutlier 

7. 

',  I  cntaiiily  «mf» 
•  conU'inpt  of  the 
thi'ir  women, 
icm  hy  thf  hunt- 
f  their  want  and 
t  i  for,  OH  nlinoHt 
lived  had  heen 
ii|H'nt  many  dayn 
i  I  came  in  fait- 
over  their  flcKh- 


jtoii,  mIiIi  h  my  •>(«v«>r*',  lho>i;;h  M'!rim|>i«i'd  law,  pri?- 
M'li'i'd  iny  lotirhih);;.  And,  uhlmii^h  riMnoiii  mrtirreil 
to  me,  at  lime*  di«HiiadiiiLr  me  from  thiM  eoiirie,  \rt,  hv 
(»«>d  »  KMie,  I  iicviT  mdrerid  mywlf  to  hieak  my  rrM). 
Iiiiinii,  hiif  in  htinK''!"  wild  to  my  (i«Ml!  ••  Wii  nh.dl  Ik» 
lilted  uith  the  kihmI  lliinijN  of  thy  lioitoe." — pNaliin  l\iv. 
ft.  •'  I  "hall  Im>  nafixtied  w  In  n  lli\  KJoiy  Hlialt  appear." 
— II).  xvi,  l.V  ••  When  thou  will  truly  (ill  the  ile>«ir« 
of  thy  hiiiiKiy  mtviuiN  in  thy  holy  rity,  Jeriualem, 
wliiih  thou  \\\U  till  f.»ie\  r  with  the  fat  of  corn." 
—II).  <\lvii.  II. 

I  millired  alio  Kii>al|y  from  rold,  amid  the  deep 
»now»  under  my  wunty,  worii-oiit  cloak,  ci»pccially  at 
nielli,  when  ordorcd  to  ulei'p  uncovertui  on  the;  liaio 
gidiinil  on  HoVie  ront^h  hark  {  for,  lholl^h  thev  had 
plenty  of  deeinkiiiH,  perleitly  iiM-les.^  to  them,  not  one 
wan  given  to  mo  ;  nay,  when  nometimei*  on  a  very  hit- 
ter Might,  I  would,  overcome  by  the  cold,  secretly  take 
one,  they  rose  at  once  and  pulled  it  from  me  j  no  great 
waH  their  enmity  ugainst  me.  My  nkin  wan  now  in 
nueh  a  hfate  thiit  I  could  with  D.ivid  May  :  '•  It  had  with- 
ered with  the  filth  of  dmtt." — Job  vii.  !i.  It  burst  with 
cold,  and  gave  mo  great  pnin  all  over  my  body.  Ihit 
when  inward  alllii  tionn  came  cr.iwdiiig  on  thoNO  outward 
care«t,  then  indeed  my  giicf  became  intolerable.  I 
remembered  th-'.  I  hafi  Iwen  recently  covered  with  the 
lifo'«  blood  of  my  dearest  companion  ;  and  thono  who 
came  from  William's  village  told  inc  ho  had  already 
been  put  to  dfath  with  exquisite  tortures,  and  t'lat  I 
Tnyself,  on  my  rehirn,  wat  to  meet  the  same  fate.  With 
this  came  up  the  rememl)rance  of  my  past  life,  stained 
with  80    many  Hins,  and  bo  unfaithful  to  God,  and   I 


50 


1'  K  R  I  I.  H     OK     T  ir  K 


1 

t 


{    • 


griev(Ml  tliaf,  1  was  finis  tf»  ho  torn  away  unaided  hy  any 
t»f  tin;  NacratnciitM  in  tlio  very  niidnt  of  my  ((inrHO,  rn- 
juclcd  as  it  w«MC!  by  (ji<id,  with  no  good  works  sent  on 
to  ph.'ad  my  (iiiiMO.  In  this  Htato,  loathiii^^  life,  yet 
shrinking?  from  death,  I  uttered  many  a  mournful  cry, 
and  said  luito  my  (iod  :  "  When  shall  .sorrows  and  mis- 
eries have  an  end?  J  low  lonj^  wilt  thou  forget  our 
want  and  our  triltulation  ?  When,  after  this  tempest, 
wilt  thou  give  us  calm,  and,  after  weeping,  joy  and 
exultation  ?  An<l,  had  not  those  days  i)een  Hhortcncd, 
my  flesh  hud  not  he(!n  saved." — Mark  xiii.  JiO. 

I  had  recourse  to  my  wonted  refuge  of  the  Scriptures, 
my  usual  retreat,  and  passages  which  my  memory  had 
retained  taught  me  how  I  should  think  of  God  in  good- 
ness, even  though  not  upheld  hy  sonisible  devotion ; 
that  I  should  know  that  the  just  man  lives  by  faith. 
I  seanrched  them  ;  1  followed  their  stieam,  and  sought, 
ai>  it  were,  to  quench  my  daily  thirst.  "  1  meditated 
on  the  law  of  (iod  night  and  day." — Psalms  i.  fj  ; 
and,  '•  had  not  the  law  of  (jod  been  my  meditation, 
I  had  then,  perhaps,  perished  in  my  abjection." — 
Psalms  cviii.  92.  "  And  my  soul  had  passed  through 
a  water  unsupportable." — Psalms  cxxiii.  5.  "  But, 
blessed  be  Ciod,  who  did  not  give  us  a  prey  to  the 
teeth  of  our  enemies." — Psalms  cxxii.  0.  "  U'^hose 
hour  had  come  and  the  power  of  darkness." — Luke 
xxii.  53.  In  which  we  "  were  overmuch  oppressed." 
— 2  Cor.  i.  8.  So  that  1  was  weary  of  life,  and  could 
say  with  Job,  though  in  a  different  meaning,  "  Al- 
though he  should  kill  me,  I  will  trust  in  him." — 
Job.  xiii.  15. 

Thus  passed  two  months  away  in  this  retreat,  where. 


i  . 


ly  iiniiidcd  hy  .-iriy 
of  my  ((inrH*-,  rct- 
i)(l  works  sent  on 
lo;itliiii>^  life,  yet 
y  !i  itioiirnrul  cry, 
florrows  iiiul  inis- 
thou  forgot  our 
Ftcr  tluH  tempest, 
weeping,  joy  and 
H  i)ecn  shortened, 
(  xiii.  20. 
!  of  the  ScripturcH, 
my  memory  had 
k  of  God  in  good- 
enisible  devotion ; 
an  lives  by  faith, 
team,  and  sought, 
t.  "  I  meditated 
."—I'salms  i.  fj  ; 
L'n  my  meditation, 
my  abjection." — 
id  passed  through 
^xxiii.  5.  "  But, 
us  a  prey  to  the 
iii.  6.  "  NVhose 
darkness." — I.uke 
much  oppressed." 
of  life,  and  could 
it  meaning,  "  Al- 
trust    in   him." — 

his  retreat,  •where. 


O  r;  K  A  N      A  N  l»     W  I  I,  I)  K  n  N  K  s  » . 


ftt 


like  St.  Hcniurd,  flic  dis(  iplc  of  tlie  trees  of  the  for- 
est, I  thoiiglit  of  niiuglit  lint  (jnfl,  until  U-corne  an 
object  too  liatefiil  to  all  to  be  any  longer  borne  with, 
I  was  Hfiit  bat  k  to  the  village  before  tlie  ii.'iiial  time. 
During  the  way,  whif  li  took  lis  eight  days,  "  I  was 
beconu;  likt;  a  beast  of  biuflen  before  God,"  f  I'salms 
i.vxii.  2-i,)  iiiidftr  the  heavy  load  of  venison  which  I 
carried  ;  and,  being  ignorant  what  fate  might  await 
me  at  the  village,  endeavored  to  be  ever  united  with  him, 
for  ft  party  that  had  gone  before  harl  sprearl  many 
reports  about  me.  My  sufferings  in  this  journey,  from 
the  intense  cold,  were  extreme ;  for  I  was  nearly  naked, 
and  we  generally  passed  the  night  in  the  open  air. 

My  unhealed  fingers  were  another  source  of  mis- 
ery ;  for  the  wounds  were  hardly  closed  by  the  mid- 
dle of  .January.  In  the  village,  however,  a  thin  skin 
was  added  to  my  worn  out  cloak  ;  in  this  wrefch'jd 
guise  I  traversed  the  streets  of  our  village,  l)egging 
that  the  Lord  would  one  day  join  me  with  his  saints 
who  formerly  served  him  in  "sheep>,kins  and  goat- 
skins, distressed,  afllictcd,  of  whom  the  world  was  not 
worthy." — Hebrews  xi.  37.  And  I  daily  saw  the  In- 
dians well  dressed  in  tl  3  cloth  and  garments  which 
our  baggage  had  plentifully  suppliefl,  while  I  was 
shivering  night  and  day  with  cohl ;  but  this  was  lit- 
tle ;  more  was  I  moved  to  see  these  heathen  men 
unworthily  profane  things  dedicated  to  the  service  of 
God.  One  of  them  had  made  himself  leggings  of  two 
of  the  veils  used  at  mass :  "  Xon  hos  servatum  munus 
in  U8U3."* 

*  An  object  Dot  dc    ined  to  tnch  •  oje.— Aen.  it.  64. 


:  1 


4% 


52 


P  K  R 1 1,  fl     OK     THE 


T  ran  in  tnUli  say,  iH-l'oro  (lod,  of  all  that  period  up 
to  niid-Januarv,  "  Even  unto  this  hour,  wc  hoth  hun- 
ger and  thirst,  and  an*  nuked  and  are  l)uliil('d,  aiul  have 
no  tixed  ahode.  And  we  hil)or,  working  with  our 
hands;  we  are  reviU'd.aud  we  hh-ss  ;  we  are  persecuted, 
and  we  sull'er  it ;  wc  are  ill-spoken  of  and  we  entreat; 
Mc  are  made  as  the  refuse  of  this  world,  the  olf-scour- 
ing  of  all  even  until  now." — 1  Cor.  iv.  11. 

When,  in  the  middle  of  January,  »>y  owners  returned 
from  the  ehase,  they,  in  a  manner,  dressed  me  in  skins, 
until  a  Lorrainesc  who  lived  among  our  Duteh  neigh- 
bors, hearing  that  1  sullered  greatly  from  cold,  sent  me 
from  his  house,  a  dress,  such  as  they  usually  sell  to  the 
Lnlians.  This  brought  some  slight  alleviation  to  my 
l)ains,  but  I  found  still  greater  in  the  care  of  an  old 
woman,  whose  only  son  had  died  not  long  before. 
She  Vas  of  very  noble  rank  in  the  nation,  for  barbarism, 
tod,  hiis  its  nobles  ;  she  took  eare  of  me,  and  the  Lord 
gave  me  grace  in  her  eyes,  yet  all  this  was  but  a  slight 
solace  in  such  woe. 

When  I  saw  that  my  life  was  at  last  in  some  sort 
spared,  I  applied  myself  to  the  study  of  the  language, 
and,  as  our  cabin  Wiis  the  council  hall,  .lot  only  of  the 
village,  but  of  almost  all  that  country,  I  began  to  in- 
struct the  oldest  on  the  articles  of  our  faith.  They, 
too,  put  me  many  questions,  as  to  the  sun,  and  moon, 
the  luce,  Avhich  seemed  to  apjwar  on  his  disk,  of  the 
circumference  of  the  earth,  of  the  size  of  the  ocean,  its 
tides,  whether,  as  they  had  heard,  the  heavens  and  the 
earth  any  w  here  met  each  other  ;  adapting  my  philoso- 
phy to  their  reach,  I  satisfied  them  on  all  these ;  then, 
indeed,   they  began  to  wonder,  and  say,  "  Indeed,   we 


O  C  K  A  N     AND     W  1 1,  D  K  U  N  K  S  S  . 


68 


1  that  period  up 
r,  we  lK)th  liun- 
lullrtod,  and  liuvc 
oikiiij^  with  our 
ii'  art-  pcrseciitcil, 
and  wc  (>ntreat ; 
Id,  the  off-scour- 
.  11. 

r  owners  returned 
<scd  me  in  skins, 
ur  Dutch  neif^h- 
om  cold,  sent  nie 
isually  •sell  to  the 
tdleviation  to  my 
he  care  of  an  old 
not  long  before, 
on,  for  barbarism, 
le,  and  the  Lord 
s  was  but  a  slight 

ist  in  some  sort 
of  the  language, 
,  .lot  only  of  the 
{,  I  began  to  in- 
our  faith.  They, 
,e  sun,  and  moon, 
n  his  disk,  of  the 
i  of  the  ocean,  its 
heavens  and  the 
pting  my  philoso- 
1  all  these ;  then, 
ay,  "  Indeed,   we 


should  have  lost  a  great  treasure,  had  we  put  this 
man  to  death,  as  we  have  been  so  often  on  the  point  of 
doing."  Then  I  endeavored  to  r.iisc  their  minds  fr(-ni 
creatures,  to  a  knowledge  of  the  (Veutor;  I  ((.nfutcd 
tlieir  old  wives'  tales  of  the  rrcatiim  of  the  world, 
which  ihcir  fable  makes  out  to  hav«!  been  i  tented  by  a 
tortoise;  the  sun  was,  I  showed  them,  not  only  without 
an  intellect,  hut  even  a  lifeless  mass,  much  less  a  Ciod  ; 
**  that  if,  delitfhted  by  its  appearance,  they  believed  it  to 
be  a  (iod,  they  should  kno.v  that  the  I,ord  was  much 
more  more  lu-autiful  than  it  ;  "  that  Aireskoi,  whom 
they  falsely  asserted  to  bi-  the  Author  and  Preserver  of 
life,  and  the  Giver  of  all  the  good  things  which  they 
enjoyed,  was  not  a  (iod  bat  a  demon.  Were  they  as 
easy  in  belief  as  they  are  easy  to  be  convinced,  the 
matter  would  soon  he  settled.  J3ut  the  prince  of  the 
world  e.xpelled  from  almost  every  quarter  of  the  globe, 
by  the  power  of  the  cross,  seems  to  have  retreated  into 
these  regions,  as  his  last  stronghold  ;  so  that  the  king- 
dom which  this  strong  man  armed  has  ])ossessed  here 
for  so  many  thousand  years,  can  be  overthrown  only  in 
lapse  of  time,  and  by  unconquerable  constancy  on  the 
l)art  of  the  soldiers  of  Christ.  From  time  to  time,  how- 
ever, Christ,  their  true  Lord  and  Lord  of  all,  chooses 
some  for  himself,  not  only  among  the  infants,  many  of 
whom  are  now  in  heaven,  but  even  among  adults,  some 
of  whom  I  baptized  in  sickness  or  in  bondage. 

Many  other  native  adults  I  instructed,  but  smne 
refused  to  listen  to  me,  others  rejected  me,  others 
assented  with  their  lips,  merely  from  a  kind  of  polite- 
nes  which  makes  them  consider  it  rude  to  contradict 
you ;  and  without  attention  to  which,  many  would  be 


64 


PERILS     OP     THE 


H 


i 


4 


deceived.  I  somotimos  even  nrnde  excursions  to  the 
ncighborinj^  villiigcs,  to  console  and  instruct  the  C'luis- 
tian  Ilurons,  "who  had  not  bent  their  knee  before 
Uiiul,"  and  to  al)8olve  iheui  after  hearinf?  tlieir  confes- 
aions  ;  to  annoiinre  (Jod  everywhere  as  far  as  I  was  able,  to 
succor  the  dj  inj;,  but  especially  to  save  infants  in  danger 
of  death.  This  was  my  only  solace  in  my  bitterest 
mental  pangs ;  and  once,  with  this  view,  I  visited  a 
neighboring  village,  and  there  baptized  live  children  ; 
I  learnt,  soon  after,  in  another  e-\cursion,  that  all  had 
been  called  to  heaven. 

Ill  these  and  like  exercises,  therefore,  and  attempts 
to  study  their  language,  (for  whot  study  can  there  be 
without  writing  ?)  two  months  glided  by.  About  the 
middle  of  March,  when  the  snow  had  melted  away, 
they  took  me  with  them  to  their  fishing  ground.  \Vc 
accordingly  started  ;  the  party  consisted  of  the  old  man 
and  woman,  a  little  boy  and  myself;  four  days'  travel 
brought  us  to  a  lake  where  we  caught  nothing  but  a 
few  little  fishes. 

The  intestines  of  these  generally  served  as  a  season- 
ing for  our  sagamity,  the  fish  being  laid  by  to  carry 
buck  to  the  village. 

Such  food  as  this,  with  the  intestines  of  deer  full  of 
blood,  and  half  putrefied  excrement,  and  mushrooms 
boiled,  and  rotten  oysters,  and  frogs,  which  they  eat 
whole,  head  and  feet,  not  even  skinned  or  cleaned  ; 
such  food,  had  hunger,  custom,  and  want  of  better, 
made,  I  M'ill  not  say  tolerable,  but  even  pleasing.  How 
often,  in  those  journeys,  and  in  that  quiet  wilderness, 
"  did  we  sit  by  the  rivers  of  Babylon,  and  weep,  while 
we  remembered  thee.  Sion,"  not  only  exulting  in  heaven, 


•>4j 


OCEAN      AND     W  1  L  I)  E  R  N  E  H  S  ■ 


55 


xcursions  to  tho 
tiuct  the  Cluis- 
icir  knee  before 
ig  tlieir  confcs- 
ras  I  wuHiihle,  to 
infants  in  danger 
in  my  bitterest 
view,  I  visited  u 
d  live  children  ; 
lion,  that  all  had 

re,  and  attempts 
idy  can  there  be 
by.  About  the 
ad  melted  away, 
ig  ground.  Wc 
i  of  the  old  man 
four  days'  travel 
nothing   but   a 

rved  as  a  season- 
laid  by  to  carry 

of  (leer  full  of 
and  mushrooms 
,  which  they  eat 
3d  or  cleaned  ; 
1  want  of  better, 
pleasing.  How 
juiet  wilderness, 
and  weep,  while 
ulting  in  heaven, 


but   even    praising   thy  God  on  earth!     "How  often, 
though  in  a  wtrangc  land,  did  wc  sing  the  canticle  of 
the   J.ord;"  and  mountain  and  wildwood  resound  with 
the  praises  of  their  Maker,  which  from  their  creation 
they    had   never   heard!     How  often,   on  the    stately 
trees  of  the  forest,  did  I  carve  the  most  sacred  name 
of  Jesus,  that,  seeing  it,  the  demons  might  tly,    M-ho 
tremble  when  they  hear  it!     How  often  on  them  too, 
did  I  not  strip  olf  the  bark,  to  form  the  most  holy  Cross 
of  the  Lord,  that  the  foe  inight  fly  before  it,  and  that 
by  it,  thou,  O  Lord,  my  king,  "  mightst  reign  in  the 
midst  of  thy  enemies,"  the  enemies  of  thy  cross,  th» 
misbelievers  and  the  pagans  who    dwell  in  that  land, 
and  the  demons  who  rule  so  powerfully  there !    1  rejoice, 
too,  that  I  had  been  led  by  the  I-ord  into  tho  wilder- 
ness, at  the  very  time  when  the  church  recalls  the  story 
of  his    Passion,  so  that  I  might  more  uninterruptedly 
remember  the  course  of  its  bitterness  and  gall,  and  my 
Boul  might  pine  away  at  the  remembrance. — Jer.  iii.  20. 
Accordingly,  after  performing  the  services  Mhich  1 
owed  as  a  slave  to  my  masters,  the   slave  of  savages, 
(my  occupation  being  to  cut  and  bring  in  wood  for  the 
hut,)  1  spent  almost  all  my  time  before  a  large  cross 
which  I  had  formed  on  a  huge  tree  at  a  considerable 
distance  from  the  hut.     But  I  was  not  long  allowed  to 
enjoy  this  holy  repose ;  indeed,  too  many  days  had  1 
passed,  unharmed  by  my  wonted  terrors.     On  Monday, 
in  Holy  Week,  an  Indian  came  to  us  from  our  village  ; 
the   reason   of  his   coming   was   this.     Ten   Loquoi^, 
among   whom   was  the  son  of  the  man  who  had  cut  off 
my  thumb,  and  '"n  whose  hut  I  now  dwelt,  had  gone 
out  on  a  war-party  aboi    Jiid-sr^mer.     (Summer,  fall. 


•\  : 


t 


it 


t-l 


66 


I'KKILa     OK     THK 


and  C'vou  the  whole  winter,  piiNscd  without  their  hcing 
heard  of,;  they  were  eonNeqiienlly  given  up,  es]>e(ially 
Od  neigiihorinj;  nations  naid  that  they  iiadVaUen  vicliiiis 
to  the  enielty  of  the  enemy.  Hut  wlien,  early  in  the 
spring,',  a  eaptive  wiw  hrouj(ht  in  tlnring  our  ahhence, 
who,  being  also  (jue.stioned  as  to  tiieni,  gave  tiie  «anio 
answer,  and  said  that  they  had  been  killed;  then,  indeed, 
deeming  beyond  ti  doubt,  what  they  idready  believed  to 
be  true,  they  saerifieeTl  that  very  captive  to  the  manvs  of 
the  young  l)rave,  the  son  of  my  nnister. 

lint  the  soul  of  this  eaptive  seemed  too  vile  to  atone 
fy^-  the  life  of  the  nol)le  youth.  1  was  aecordingly  sent 
for,  from  the  lake  where  wo  were,  that,  together  with 
him,  1  might  compensate  for  the  death  of  the  ehief.  Such, 
at  least,  was  the  conclusion  to  which  one  or  two  old 
women  and  a  decrepit  old  man  had  come.  We  con- 
sequently set  out  the  next  day,  as  if  in  flight,  and,  as  a 
pretext,  they  said  that  jjarties  of  the  enemy  were  around 
us.  We  reached  the  village  towards  evening,  on  Maun- 
dy Thursday.  The  morrow,  which  had  closed  the 
Savior's  lite,  was  now  to  close  mine  also  I  wlu-n  it  i)leaaed 
him,  who,  by  dying  on  that  day,  had  givtii  lil'e  to  my 
spirit,  to  give  it  also  to  my  body.  Accordingly,  on  that 
day  when  I  was -to  have  been  put  to  death,  a  rumor  was 
first  spread  without  any  good  authority,  that  those  sup- 
posed to  be  dead  were  still  alive ;  then  it  came  that 
they  had  joined  another  war  party,  and  were  now  bring- 
ing in  twenty-two  captives. 

Thus  did  God  scatter  the  malignant  designs  of  the 
savages,  instructing  and  showing  me  that  he  took  care 
of  me,  that  I  should  cast  myself  wholly  on  him,  conscious 
that  he  would  not  recoil  and  let  mc  fall. ' 


OCEAN      AND     W  11, 1)  K  R  N  E  H  S  . 


*r 


out  their  hcing 
n  up,  i-H]ic(ially 
(1  I'.llU-ll    vicliiiiM 

1',  iMily  in  tlie 
ig  our  abhcncc, 

gJlVO     tlu-  NillllU 

il;  tlicii,  itulced, 
.'luly  Ijflievfil  to 
to  the  manes  of 

)o  vile  to  atono 
(Turciiii^'ly  sent 
,  together  with 
he  chief.  Such, 
one  or  two  ohl 
imw.  Wc  cou- 
iiight,  and,  as  a 
iiy  were  around 
uing,  on  Maun> 
ad  closed  the 
when  it  i)lcaijed 
(ivcn  life  to  my 
rdingly,  on  that 
h,  u  rumor  was 
tiuif  those  sup- 
II  it  came  that 
■ere  now  bring- 

designs  of  the 
lat  lie  took  care 
1  him,  couscioua 


Although  I  naturally  rejoiced  to  bo  rescued  from 
these  and  other  dangers,  yet  I  sighed  to  see  myself 
again  given  over  to  new  sorrows  and  heart-breaking 
torments,  compelled  nu'  to  drag  on  a  life  more  painful  ' 
than  the  mo»t  cruel  death.  For  the  success,  as  well  us 
the  reverses  of  these  men,  fell  heavily  on  me  alone  ;  if 
any  one  was  slain  in  battle,  I  was  at  once  demanded  as 
a  victim  to  be  ottered  to  his  shade.  Hut  if,  us  was  gen- 
erally the  case,  they  brought  in  prisoners  after  having 
killed  more,  my  heart  wui  always  rent  with  grief,  for 
thev  were  either  rrenchmen  or  allies  of  the  French. 

Naturally,  therefore,  did  1  prel'tjr  retirement  and  sol- 
itude, where,  lar  from  the  villages,  I  was  no  longer 
dismayed  at  the  M'onted  cruelty  of  these  savages,  and 
where  1  covdd  better  and  more  freely  hold  converso 
with  (lo(V.  Yet  knowing,  that,  though  I.ia  was  blear- 
eved,  she  was  nu)re  fruitful  than  Rachel,  and  bore  moro 
children  ;  mindful,  too,  of  the  Institute  of  our  Society, 
which  prefers  our  neighbor's  salvation  to  our  private 
spiritual  delis'hts,  I  rehutantly  remained  at  home ;  for 
the  village  enabled  mc  to  make  greater  progress  in  the 
language,  and  to  secure  the  salvation  of  infants  and 
adults  by  baptism ;  for  I  was  greatly  grieved  whenever, 
during  my  absence,  an  adult  died  without  instruction  or 
a  child  without  baptism. 

'I'o  return  to  our  war  party :  they  came  in  bringing 
twenty-two  prisoners,  but  belonging  to  a  nation  with 
whom  they  had  as  yet  never  been  at  war  ;  still,  in  viola- 
•tion  of  all  right  and  justice,  they  were  beaten  with 
clubs  and  stripes,  and  mutilated  by  the  usual  cutting  o(F 
of  fingers.  Five  of  them  were  to  be  put  to  death,  for 
all  the   rest,  being  boys  and  girls,  or  women,  were  kept 


1 


I 


.. 


58 


1>  K  R  I  I.  H     OK     -I'  II  K. 


iw  hIuvoh.  TIhmi"  InHtiuction  wiih  now  mi  ol>j<'<t  of  my 
Holicitudf,  for  I  wan  igiuintnt  of  tlictr  laiigniiKi' ;  y<>t  iiy 
(iod'it  ^lact;  I  wiiH  alilc,  liy  u  fow  woiiIh  that  1  piikcd 
»i|)  hut  (diii'tly  hy  »ljo  ki.uliu'KH  of  one  who  know  hoth 
lanK'^'K*'".  '*•  in'«truft  and  haptizo  thciii.  'I'liiH  liapiieiu'd 
at  l'',a»l«'r.  At.  WliitNiintuh',  tiny  hroji^ht  li>  new  piis- 
uiuM'H,  thiTi!  wonuMi  witli  their  littU-  (hihUtn,  thi'  incii 
having  Imhmi  kilK-d  near  tlio  French  M'tth'inuntt*.  'I'hry 
wore  led  into  tlio  viUago  entirely  nake<l,  not  even  v*illi 
any  kind  of  petticoat  on ;  uihI,  after  U'ing  Hoverely 
heaten  on  the  way,  had  their  thmnhs  cut  oiF.  One  of 
them,  a  thing  not  hitherto  done,  was  hurnt  all  over  her 
body,  and  afterwards  thrown  into  u  huge  pyre.  And 
wortiiy  of  note  is  a  Htiange  rite  1  then  beheld,  wheu 
thiH  woman  was  burnt ;  at  each  wound  which  they  in- 
flicted, by  holding  lighted  torchcH  to  her  body,  un  old 
man  in  n  loud  voice  exclaimed,  "  Demon  Aireskoi,  we 
olfer  thee  this  victim,  whom  we  burn  for  thiie,  that  thou 
mayst  hv  filled  with  her  flesh,  and  render  un  ever  anew 
victorious  over  our  enervies."  Iler  body  was  cut  up, 
sent  to  the  variouH  villages  and  d(!Voured  ;  for  about 
mid-winter,  grieving  as  it  wen,  that  tlujy  had  refrained 
from  eating  the  flesh  of  some  priHoners,  they  had  in  a 
solemn  sacrifice  of  two  bears,  which  they  offered  to 
their  demon,  uttered  the  words,  ••  Justly  dost  thou 
punish  us,  oh.  Demon  Aireskoi ;  lo !  this  long  time  wo 
have  taken  no  captives ;  during  the  summer  and  fall, 
we  have  taken  none  of  the  Algonquins.  (These  they 
consider  properly  their  enemies.)  We  have  sinned 
against  thee,  in  that  we  ate  not  the  last  captives  thrown 
into  our  hands  ;  but,  if  we  shall  ever  again  capture  any, 
we  promise  thee  to  devour  them  as  we  now  consume 


OCEAN     A  Nil      W  I  I.DKR.N  KHH. 


00 


i\  olijocf  of  my 
miuKi' ;  )«'t  by 
I  tliat  I  |ii('ko(l 
\\m  knew  both 
'I'liirt  liap])(>iiL'tl 
lit  ill  new  pris- 
Idi'L'ii,  the  iiKit 
[•incntH.  Thiiy 
I  nut  even  with 
•t'iiij^  Ht'vcrrly 
lit  olf.  ()ii(.>  uf 
nt  all  over  her 
He  pyro.  And 
1  licliold,  whcu 
which  thry  in- 
■1'  body,  uii  old 
n  Aireskoi,  we 
th(!t',  that  thou 
r  U8  ever  anew 
(ly  was  cut  up, 
red ;  for  about 
r  had  refrained 
,  they  liad  in  a 
hey  odercd  to 
stly  dost  thou 
s  long  time  wc 
mmer  and  fall, 
(These  they 
have  sinned 
iptives  thrown 
in  capture  any, 
3  now  consume 


thrnn  two  ln-arn  ;"  and  they  kcpl  tluir  word.  'I'bii  p<ior 
woman  I  bapti/cd  in  the  mid-it  of  the  ilaiiicM,  unable  to 
do  MO  before,  uiid  then  only  while  raining  a  drink  to  her 
parched  lipM. 

On  the  cv(;  of  St.  John  tJie  Daptitt,  of  whom  it  in 
written  "  that  many  tdiall  rejoice  at  bin  birth,"  a  new 
w«'ii/ht  WHS  mided  to  my  UNiial  Horrows;  eleven  lluroni 
and  u  Frenchman  were  brought  in  ;  three  Frencbinen 
and  ten  liurons,  among  them  home  of  the  mont  celebrated 
( /'hriNtiaiis,  ha<l  been  killed,  treacherously  circumveni'd 
by  a  hIiow  of  frieixUhip.  ()i  ihese,  they  bore  the  HcalpM 
or  hair,  which  tiiey  tear  f)ir  with  the  skin,  r<im  their 
falh'n  enemies.  I  certainly  felt,  in  my  own  perHon,  xtiin 
puniHhment  dcHerved  by  my  Hins,  and  pronounced  of 
old  by  (lod  to  his  people,  when  he  said  "tliat  their  new 
moons,  their  festivals,  and  Hoh>mnities  should  Ik;  turned 
into  grief  and  sorrow,"  an  Fiastcr  and  Whitsuntide,  and 
the  nativity  of  St.  John  the  iSaptist,  each  brought  sor- 
rows on  me,  to  Ikj  afterwards  increased  to  agony  by  tho 
slaughter  of  a  hundred  Ilurons,  most  of  whom,  racked 
by  fearful  torment.s,  were  burnt  to  death  in  the  neigh- 
boring cantons.  "  Wo  is  me,  wherefore  was  I  born  to 
see  the  ruin  of  my  people." — 1  Mach.  ii.  7. 

Verily,  in  these,  and  like  heart-rending  cares,  "my 
life  is  wasted  with  grief,  and  my  years  with  sighs  ;  " 
(Ps.  XXX.  2,)  "  for  the  Lord  hath  corrected  me  for  mine 
iniquity,  and  hath  made  my  soul  waste  away  as  a  spi- 
der."—xxxviii.  12.  "He  hath  filled  me  with  my 
bitterness,  he  hath  inebriated  me  with  wormwood, 
(Lament,  iii.  15,)  because  the  comforter,  the  relief  of 
my  soul,  is  flir  from  me,"  (i.  16.)  "  but,  in  all  these 
things,  we  overcome,"  and  by  the  favor  of  God  will 


60 


fRMI  I.M     It  I'      I'M  K 


1     ' 


i 


* 


uvi'i't't»u»«',  •' U'liiHT  111' liiiii  i)u\t  hiitli  I«i»«hJ  iiH,*'  ( ttoin, 
viii.  !i7j  iiiiiil  '*  tii>  I iiim-  ili.ii  I't  It)  KMui'  >iiiit  ««itl  not 
tl«<|.ty  (ili'li,  \.  ;{"!,)  until  iiiv  li.t)  liki'  tU<rr  ol'  a  liiM'liii;;^ 
t-iiiiit',  (.full  \ii,  I,)  (»(•  my  I'li.MiKi'  Iw  iis.Mlr."— \iv    II. 

AllltlillKit  I  riMlltl,  ill  ;lll  |l)*lll,llMlil>,  «-M  .l|N>  I'lllirr 
tllllMl^ll   lIlC    r,llll>|HMh1  (ir  |Im>  Ktltil^f   ll.tll'illH  IUiiIMhI    M'>, 

«litl  I  wUli  III  ll\,  M>l  oil  tliii  I'liiix,  to  uliii'li  iiiir  l,iiiit 
liii^  iiailfil  11*11'  Im-sIiU*  ItiiiiHi'ir,  mil  I  it^iuUctl  li\  liii  ^lai'ti 
to  livt*  and  till'.  I'ur  wlm  iii  my  itlmciirt*  wttiilil  roiiM»l<i 
llir  l''ifiit'li  i.i|iti\«'>t  f  ulio  iili'Milvc  tlif  {iniiti'iit  f  who 
iiMiiiiiil  till'  I  IiiIh|i-iic(|  llnroii  •■{  liii  iliiiit'M  .'  mIki  in- 
utimt  till'  luiMiiu'r-t  (II  Iii<  lMiiiii{lit  ill  iVoiii  tiiiu'  tn  liiiii:.' 
wlio  bii|>ii/t(<  tlio  (lyiiiKi  ('luiiiiiiigc  tlinii  in  tlicir  tor* 
nioiilN  f  \s\u>  (Iriiixf  till'  intaiitN  with  tlt<>  wivtiix  wu- 
ti>»  /  who  |iniviil(>  tor  thr  Natrty  of  th<'  *\\'\t\ft  ailiillK, 
the  ir.striMtioii  ol'thosi'  irs  hrallh  f  Ami  iiul<i''l  I  taii- 
iint  Ittit  think  it  k  |i('i'itliar  intfi|i<i!<iti(iit  of  ilivinc  good- 
nc»»,  that  wliih<  on  ono  nuIo  ii  iiution  faltcti  from  the 
triiu  ('Uthultc  rt'liKioii  burrml  tho  onlranic  of  ihi-  faith  to 
tlii'sc  rrijiiMiN,  and  on  tin'  other  ii  ficrrt'  war  iM'twccii  Nav- 
n^e  nations,  ind  on  thi  ii  .x'coiiiit  with  tti<!  Kiciu  h  clid 
tlie  Hai.io,  I  ^h'liiUl  havi*  fallen  into  tlie  hanilH  of  ihcxo 
Indians,  who,  hy  the  will  of  (lod,  relnetaiitly,  and,  I  may 
say,  against  tliiir  w  HI,  have,  thus  far,  npaied  my  life,  that 
through  me,  though  unworthy,  tluiM-  mij^ht  he  iii»trnet- 
ed,  lielii'vc  and  hi-  hajttized,  who  are  predestined  to 
eternal  life.  Siriec  the  time  when  I  wah  taken,  I  have 
b.iptized  seventy,  children,  youni;  and  old,  of  five  difl'or- 
ent  nations  and  lanj^uajfes,  that  of  every  tribe,  and  [H'Q- 
ple,  and  tongue,  tliey  niiu:ht  stand  in  the  sight  of  the 
lAinh.— Apoc.  vii.  1). 

Therefore  do  I  daily  bow  my  knees  to  the  Lord  and 


finf  lit/*  I  Horn. 
m-  iitift  will   not 

Hit  <tl'  Ik  llill'lill^ 
;h|,.."— ViV        II. 

,  ( >n\i|wt  •'iilii-r 
I'iim  iinMiti<t  M", 
tvliii  ti  itiir  I. dm) 
I'll  It)  lii'^  utmv 
y  woiilil  t  t»iiHu|ii 
|iniiti-iit  t  wiiit 

liirn  .'     \vl((»    ill- 

II  tiiiii'  til  tiiiiu  / 

III  ilk  their  Utr- 
till*  Niiviiix  wii- 

!■  (lyiiif;  ailiillf, 
(I  iiidt  I'l  I  (an- 
i»t  iliviiif  gooiU 
'alien  iVtiiii  tlio 
u  (if  the  faith  tu 
ar  Itetwi-eii  sav- 
ttie  Kreiu  It  did 

liaiidH  of  lliehO 
iitly,  uiid,  I  luuy 
letl  my  life,  that 
^ht  he  iiistiiiet- 

piedeMiued  to 
if,  tukcn,  I  hnve 
d,  of  live  diflbr- 

tiibe,  ai»d  jieo- 
llu!  bight  uf  thu 

>  the  Lord  and 


AtKAN      AND     Wll  UKNN  K  II.  IR 

li»  the  r.Hii'i  <if  my  l,<Mtl.  >h.»,  if  ii  I''  l..i  l*i-  j»ImH  ,  h»» 
liinV  riiiiloiiiiil  nil  the  de-.i^M-  »\  the  I'lMii'.jrf.iMH  tiinl 
wkviiKe-,  fi»i'  riiiMtmiiiK  in«'  m  M<hdih((  iiw  kit  k  In  lh«« 
>»hili'^.  I'xi'  riiDiiy  iif  the  liiih.iii«  »|K  ik  <if  my  heittK 
leMMied,  and  the  lhit<h,  iiiiioit^  «h'itn  I  »»iile  ihh, 
h.iM  fie4|iieiitly  <ill'<i«'l,  mid  »ii»w  tUlMt  ulh-r,  tu  re.nu 
me  iiiid  my  <  •iinpuiiniiH.  I  lii»*e  twi«e  vi".iret|  ihem  iiii'l 
Imm'II  lii-Mt  kindly  weleunied  ;  they  lei»»e  iii>  Mi.»i.:  iin- 
tniiied  to  eiU'it  mir  deliveraljee  J  uud  have  inii«l«t  liitthy 
pre^eittH  tit  the  lhdiall<>  with  «« hum  I  ulM,  til  ihdil'i* 
ihem  t(i  tie..t.  me  hillliai)<  ly. 

Ihit  i  am  iiitw  weary  of  t><i  l•lll^  ami  -o  |>roli>i  u  lettei  ;  1 
theieloii!  euriie-.tly  \h%  ymtr  ri'Venriiee-,  over  l»»  ri?eri(^i»i/,M 
ine,  though  unwotlhy,  uh  iiiie  of  joorHj  for,,  thmiKli  u 
MV,n(e  ill  die.-,  and  madiier,  ami  aliim-t  without  <iod  ill 
ho  tosmd  a  life,  ye»,  m  (  ha>e  ever  liveil  u  mhi  of  thii 
niot.t  holy  (.'hureh  of  Home,  uiid  of  the  Sih  iety,  wi  do  I 
wiiih  to  die.  Ohtain  for  iiiv  from  (iod,  lUvetend  Fa- 
ther, hy  your  holy  ttai  iilire>,  that  altlionnh  1  have  hith- 
erto hut  ill  emph/;. ''<!  tli>'  iiieaiiH  he  Ua\e  me  to  nlfain 
the  hi^{lie>(l  Nam  tit),  I  may  ut  lea-t  employ  wellthit  la^t 
octiktdon  which  ho  offers  me,  ^'oiir  Itoonty  otvim  thin 
feircdy  to  ycitir  »»on  who  ha»  rt'eoursf  to  yoti,  for  I  Itu.d 
II  truly  \vretehe<l  life,  wherr-  every  viitue  i^  in  danger. 
Faith  ill  the  dense  darkness  of  paKi'nism  i  hope  iu  w 
loiix  and  hard  triaU  ;  ehariry  i«ni«l  no  iniH  h  corruption, 
deprived  of  all  the  Siicrumonti.  I'uiity  in  not  indeed 
here  endangered  hy  deli'-'hts,  yet  it  i<*  amid  thi«.  promiH- 
cuons  and  intimate  intercouoe  of  hotli  K'ses  ;  in  the 
|K?rfect  lik'rty  of  each  to  hear  and  do  what  he  plfa?,e>*, 
and  most  of  all  in  their  constant  nakcdne-.*.  For  here, 
willing  or  not,  you  must  often  see  w^iat  eUewheie  it 


Jk, 


\) 


mm  HMNi I.N    or    I  M R 

kliiil  "til,  ?Mi|  •M»|y  fr«>«)»  wuihI'Mk^',  Is'tt  i'»vn  fmiit  I'ltl* 
oiiH  vyn.  Ill  lilt'  I  tl.iilv  HiH.tii  tit  III)  (iiitl,  Ih^'kiiik 
tiiiii  not  to  ji'itVK  iiii>  MrilliiMil  Im'I|i  .iiiiiil  llir  ilfiiil  ;  Im'^* 
Kiii^  liiiii,  I  MVi  lliiit  uiiiiil  Ml  iimmIi  iiii|iiiiity  niiil  piiirh 
Hti|MMxlilii>iiN  Hiti«lii|i  lit'  lliu  ili-vil  III  wliirli  lii>  liiin  i>x- 
poNrd  iiif,  ii.iki'il  iit  it  Mi'ii',  iiimI  iiiiiti  iiii  iI,  "  my  liciirt 
tiiiiy  Ik>  iiiiil-'lilt'il  ill  liii  jii  iltiutiniiH,"  (IV.  «k>iii.  HU,) 
■o  lliul,  wIm'ii  lliiti  K***>il  •S|ii'|i|ii<iil  nIiuII  loiiif,  "  wliii  hIII 
KiUlicr  toKclliiT  iho  «liM|Hirn'«|  iif  hrucl,"  ( I'n,  mlvi.  'i,) 
hn  ni.iy  gtillici  iih  from  uinniiK  tho  iiiiiIoiik  to  lilt'ii*  liu 
holy  ii.iiiii'.  Aiiwiil  Anifii! — I'n.  i v.  47. 
Your  Hrvi'roiir»'« 

NIuMt  iiiimblu  Ncrvitiit  iiixl  Mon  in  ('hrtNt, 

Imaau  JtMirKii. 

PrrTnit  mo,  thrmi^h  your  Ili'vrrrncr,  to  nalutf  til!  my 
clour  Fiitliiis  anil  HiotlirrN,  wliom  I  fnulrrly  l<>\«'  iinil 
('hori»h  ill  ('liii«f,  iiiiil  to  comini'uil  myhi-U'to  thvir  Holy 
Sacrificoii  ami  rruyom. 

Your  moMl  liiimhlo  Mervunt  imd  iton  in  ('liriiit, 

IriAAC   JutilEH. 

ItcimMuliiorHwyck  in  Now  Northorland,  ) 
AugUHt  I),  1()43.      J 

Thin  loiter  wiui  written,  aa  wc  bHuU  hoc  by  the  next, 
after  the  holy  miHHiouiiry  hail  left  the  Mohawk  villiiKcn 
for  the  limt  time,  unconncious  an  he  was  while  [N'miing 
it  at  KonssalacrHwyck,  our  modern  Albany,  wheic  the 
kind-hearted  Dutch,  inijielled  by  their  minister,  Domi- 
nic MoRnpoleniiis,  shuwud  him  every  courtesy  and  kind 
■ympathy. 


ni'KAK    Ann    *vii  r»K MN  ►••• 


«• 


v\t'n  fiHjn  «'»f|. 
»  IiimI,  iM^xillff 
llif  ili-ml  i  Im'^< 
inirily  iiiitl  mit  tl 
liirli  III)  liiiil  vx* 
IK  il,  "  my  licitrt 
[l'«.  <  »\iii.  MU.) 
luiif,  "  who  will 
•  (I'll.  r»l*i.  S{,) 
tiix  to  hlimt  liw 
47. 

1  in  ChriNt, 
lAAti  JoorKR. 

to  wiliitr  nil  mjr 
idi'rly  \»y''  niiil 
It' to  their  Holy 

I  ill  (/'hi'int, 

(AAC    JuUt'CH. 


■\ 


soe  by  the  next, 
(ohiiwk  villiiKcn 
while  jM'tininfj 
bnny,  whi'ic  the 
tninititcr,  Domi- 
urtusy  and  kind 


T!»«'V  hi'l  !ilM(»'!y  «»>I.Uil  Ikiii  »..  >»ii»i'  lo  Mfiifii-iir 
ih'  (  h  ilii|if'oiir,  i  iuviiiMir  ol  I  Inn-  Mi*'".  ••• '»  i»f«'f»>  »t 
l-'ifiiih,  Liiiii  iiikI  Huron,  ih«>  iWlhiwihtf  IIik*  : 

Sim;— Thix  U  my  fomih  lt>lli>r  hium!  i  iill  ii)^»  ihn 
hiiiiil-  of  tho  lro(|ooi*,  riiim  iiii'l  |ht|»«r  prtviiil  my 
n  jMirin;;  Ik  11,  Hint  I  liiivi  iiliimlv  KtvMi  you  «l  lniKfli. 
Coiiitii-  uikI  t,  itM'  >ii  uliw,  lliiiry,  u  yoiuin'iiMii 
lukni  Ht  Moiitrriil,  wa»  hroiiKht  iti  oh  St.  Jolili'»  ev«, 
\\r  iliil  not  run  »h«  Knunlht  on  ••iifirim(  lh«'  viILkc,  nor 
hiiN  hi'  IimI  any  liiiKiiK  •»»  wr  iliil  ;  ln'  i'^  ulivi-,  nn  hiII  u« 
ull  «hf  Union*  IiioiimIiI  in  with  him.  Ih-  on  yoiir  K'li'f'l 
fvciy whirl'.  N«'W  |i.irli««  urn  loiintantly  MtlitiK  out, 
itiitl  you  muitl  lely  «m  it  th»t  thn  livur  will  not  U  free 
from  thi!  omniy  Uiori)  ihn  full.  'I hi)  Iro<|uoii»  Ikmo  t\io 
alxHil  M  vcn  ho  hImiI  ;  tin  y  h.ivii  ihriu  I  unilrtd  i»M|U«. 
|iii>iKi«  und  liiimlh-  tin  m  will.  They  <  an  rcarh 'I  hri;« 
KiviMd  hy  (lilli-rint  ntnunm.  Fort  Ki<  hiliru  Ki*c«  tin  m 
a  lilt  If  iiiorij  tronhlr,  hut'  ihifn  not  himU-r  thrm.  Tho 
Iro'iuois  h.iy  thill  if  thoHC  who  took  ami  killid  the 
Kn-nih  lit  Moittri  il,  hml  known  how  y.m  arM-il  in  r»n- 
(iiiiiK  the  Sokokiois  fiom  thf  humU  of  tho  rtlgon«juinH, 
they  woiiM  not  have  clone  «o.  'Ihi-y  hail  net  out  in  niiil- 
winti'r,  lK;f«)rc  the  news  came.  For  all  that,  a  new 
party  h;w  jiiNt  wt  out,  and  .Malhurin'i  man,  (  F.  HrcU'uf 
known  hiia  well.j  U  with  thim,  and  haiU  the  Iwnd,  a» 
ho  did  at  our  capture  lout  year.  Thiti  troop  de»ireH  nml 
inteniU  to  take  French  ni  well  n«  AlKon<iuin«.  Do  not 
let  aiiv  « oni^ideiation  for  mo  prevent  your  tloing  what 
may  W  for  (iod'»  jfioiy. 

The  desij.cn  <  f  the  Irotjuoiii,  a»  far  an  I  can  »^c,  i«  to 
take  all  the  llurons,  if  they  can,  put  to  death  the  m«>«t 
emiuent,  and  a  good  part  of  the  rest,  and  make,  of  the 


%  t 


64 


P  E  n  1 1, 8     OF     THE 


two,  one  pc()i)lc  and  one  liiiid.  I  feel  f,'ieiit  coinjiasslon 
for  tlicso  poor  pt'oplo,  many  of  whom  are  (."luistiaiis, 
others  (Catechumens,  prepared  for  Haptisni.  When 
sliall  those  evils  bo  stopped  '{  When  they  are  all  taken  ? 
1  received  many  letters  from  the  Ifiirons  wilh  the  Jtela- 
tiou  taken  at  Montreal.  The  Dutch  have  wished  to 
deliver  us,  but  in  vain.  They  are  now  making  another 
effort,  but  will  be,  I  tliink,  equally  fruitless.  I  am 
more  and  more  resolved  to  stay  here,  as  long  as  it  shall 
please  our  Lord,  and  not  go  away,  even  if  an  occasion 
should  offer.  My  jjresence  consoles  the  French,  liu- 
rons  and  Algon([uins.  I  have  baptized  more  than  sixty 
persons,  many  ot  whom  are  now  in  heaven.  This  ia 
n»y  only  consolation,  with  the  will  of  God,  to  which  1 
most  cheeifully  unite  mine. 

I  beg  you  to  recommend  them  to  offer  prayers  and 
masses  for  us,  and  especially  for  him,  who  desires  ever 
to  be 

Your  most  humble  servant, 

Isaac  Jogues,  5.  J. 

Iroquois  Village,  June  30th,  1643. 

The  following  letter  gives  the  account  of  his  escape. 

Revekenu    Father: — The    Peace    of    Christ. 

On  the  very  day  of  the  feast  of  our  holy  Father  Igna- 
tius, (July  31,)  I  left  the  village  where  I  was  a  prisoner 
to  follow  and  accompany  some  Iroquois  who  were  going 
ftrst  to  trade,  then  to  fish.  Having  got  through  their 
traffic,  they  proceeded  to  a  place  seven  or  eight  lei>gues 
below  the  Dutch  post,  which  is  on  the  river  M'here  we 
were  fishing.  While  arranging  our  weirs  for  the  fish,  a 
report  reached  us  that  an  Iroquois  war  party,  returned 


cut  coinjwsslon 
lire  (/"luistiaiis, 
iprisiii.  When 
\  are  all  taken  ? 
wiili  tlie  Kelu- 
liave  wished  to 
linking  another 
niitlesfl.  I  am 
loiif^  as  it  sluilJ 
1  it'  an  occasion 
e  French,  llu- 
noic  than  sixty 
avcn.  This  is 
rod,  to  whiob  1 

er  prayers  and 
ho  desires  ever 

vant, 

GUES,    5.  J. 


oi  his  escape. 
OF  Christ. — 
y  Father  Igna- 
was  a  prisoner 
ho  were  going 
through  their 
r  eight  leagues 
iver  M'here  M'e 
i  for  the  fish,  a 
party,  returned 


OCEAN     AND     WILDERNESS. 


65 


from  the  Huron  hunt,  had  killed  five  or  six  on  the  spot, 
and  brought  in  four  prisoners,  two  of  whom  had  been 
already  burnt  at  our  village  with  more  than  common 
cruelty. 

At  these  tidings,  my  heart  was  rent  with  most  keen 
and  bitter  grief,  tliat  I  had  not  seen,  consoled  or  bap- 
tized these  poor  victims.  Fearful  that  something  of  the 
kind  mii.'  »  hap])en  again  during  my  absence,  I  'vent  to 
a  good  old  woman,  who,  from  her  age  and  her  care  of 
me,  as  well  as  from  her  compassion  for  my  sufferings, 
called  me  her  nephew,  as  I  called  her,  aunt.  "  Aunt," 
said  I,  "  I  would  much  rather  go  back  to  our  cabin,  1 
am  very  lonesome  here."  I  did  not  indeed  expect  more 
comfort  or  less  pain  at  the  village,  where  I  suffered  a 
continual  martyrdom,  compelled  to  witness  before  my 
eyes  the  horrible  cruelties  they  perpetrate,  but  my  heart 
could  not  bear  that  one  should  die,  without  my  afford- 
ing him  baptism.  "Go!  nephew,"  said  this  good  wo- 
man, "go,  if  you  are  tired  of  this  place,  and  take  some- 
thing to  eat  on  the  way."  I  accordingly  embarked  in 
the  first  canoe  going  up  to  the  village,  always  conducted, 
and  always  accompanied,  by  Iroqrois. 

On  reaching  the  Dutch  post,  through  which  we  had 
to  pass,  I  learned  that  our  village  was  furious  against 
the  French,  and  that  they  only  awaited  my  return  to 
burn  me.  The  reason  of  all  was  this.  Among  the  war 
parties  against  the  French,  Algonquins  and  Hurons  was 
one  that  resolved  to  go  and  prowl  around  Fort  Richelieu 
to  spy  the  Fiench  and  their  Indian  allies.  A  certain 
Huron  of  this  band  taken  by  the  Iroquois,  and  natural- 
ized among  them,  came  to  ask  me  for  letters  to  carry  to 
the  French,  hoping  perhaps  to  surprise  some  one  by  this 


It 


-1 


G(> 


1'  !•.  I(  I  l,H      <)V       T  ir  K 


bait;  Inil,  as  I  liad  no  donlit  tlic  I'Vcmli  would  In- on 
tlu'ir  i^iiard,  and  I  r<aw  tlir  iinportaiKC  of  ^iviii^  tia  ni 
Hoiiu!  inkling  oi'  ilio  dtNii^ns,  arms  and  trtaclu'iy  of  our 
cnrniy,  i  I'ound  nicans  |o  ^ci  a  hit.  oi'  [i,i|ii'r  to  wrili!  on. 
'I'lii;  l)u-t(  li  did  hie  tlds  rliaiity. 

I  kiKtw  wrll  tlic  danger  to  wliii  li  I  tvposctl  niyM'll'. 
I  WUH  well  awaro  that,  if  .uiy  inish.i|)  la't'cll  ihc  party,  L 
wouhl  Ix;  nia(h-  rcMpon^ihld,  and  the;  lilanic  tlirowii  on 
my  h'ttcrrs.  i  I'orcisaw  my  dcatli,  l)ul  it  Moemcd  to  inc; 
siwi'ct  and  a}^ri'C'al)Ir,  ('m|ih)y('d  lor  tla;  ])uhiic.  j^ooc'.  and 
thi;  consolation  of  inir  i'Vcncli,  and  tht;  poor  Indians 
who  listiMi  to  tlu!  word  of  Jcshh  (Jl.ridt.  .My  heart  wua 
nndislnriu'd  hy  fear  at  tiic  ^ight  (d'  !ill  that  mifjlit  hap- 
pen— (iod'a  glory  was  tonccrnud. 

80  1  gave  my  Icttor  to  the  yonng  hrave  wlio  n(;ver 
returned.  'Ihe  story  given  hy  his  comrades  is,  tliat  ho 
carried  it  to  Fort  Kichclieu,  and  that,  as  soon  as  tlie 
French  saw  it,  they  lired  their  cannon  at  them  ;  that, 
alarmed  at  this,  m()^t  of  them  took  to  (light,  all  naked, 
leaving  one  of  their  canoes,  in  which  Mere  three  anpie- 
hiises,  powder,  ball,  and  other  baggag«;.  When  thiii 
news  was  brought  into  the  village,  the  ciy  was  raised 
that  my  letter  had  caused  them  to  he  tieated  so.  The 
rumor  spread  around  ;  it  reached  my  cars  ;  I  was  taunted 
with  the  mishap;  they  talked  of  nothing  but  burning 
me ;  and,  had  I  been  found  in  the  village  when  these 
braves  returned,  lire,  rage,  and  cruelty,  had  deprived 
me  of  life. 

To  increase  my  misfortune,  another"  party  returning 
from  the  neighborhood  of  Montreal,  where  they  had 
laid  an  ambush  for  the  French,  said  that  two  of  their 
party  had  been  killed,  and  two  wounded.     All  made 


O  C  K  A  N      A  N  l»      W  I  I,  l>  K  R  N  i:  H  a  , 


at 


icli     woiilit    lie  <iii 

I-  <>r  Kiviii^  tlit'tit 

Iriiirlu'iy  of  (iiir 

i,i|ii'r  til  write  on. 

<'\ posed  iiiyKcll". 
I'li'll  llic  part),  I 
ilaiiic  tlirowii  ou 
it  Ncciiud  lo  iii«; 
pulilic.  ^oo(i.  and 
Ik;  poor  liidiitnH 
My  ln'iirl  wa.i 
I  thai  nii^dit  liap- 

iravc  wlio  ne.'vor 
rudos  is,  that  hu 

t,  il»  HOOn  HH  tliu 
1  at  thcni  ;  that, 
flight,  all  naked, 
icre  three  arqiie- 
ige.  When  this 
!  cry  was  raised 
treated  so.  The 
rs  ;  I  was  taunted 
ling  but  burning 
;llage  when  these 
ty,  had  deprived 

r"  party  returning 
where  they  had 
that  two  of  their 
aded.     All  made 


ni(!  guilty  of  thewj  inihhapH.  'I'hey  weri-  now  bcsido 
thuniM'lvcH  with  rage,  and  iinjiatiint  f(;r  my  return. 
All  thehe  iij)ortH  I  heard,  offering  KiVfelf  iinie'-er\.;dly 
to  our  Lord,  and  rehigning  invhelf  uU  in  all  to  hin  niotit 
holy  will. 

'I'hu  <oniinander  of  tlio  Duteh  post  where  we  wr>re, 
aware  of  the;  evil  flesign  of  tli<.-  huvagen,  and  aware,  too, 
that  the  ('lu^valier  de  Montinagny  had  prevented  the 
(/'anada  Indiana  from  coming  to  kill  the  Dutch,  had 
offered  me  means  of  escape;.  '*  Here,"  haid  h(;,  "  lies  a 
veshel  at  anchor,  to  sail  in  a  few  days.  (Jet  privately 
on  board.  It  is  bound  first  to  \'irKinia,  whence  it  will 
carry  you  to  iJonleaux  or  Kochelle,  where  it  must  stop." 
Thanking  him  with  much  resinjct  and  courtesy,  1  told 
him  that  tlie  Irotjuois  would  Kuspct  them  of  favoring 
my  CHcajK',  and  peihaps  do  bome  injury  to  their  people. 
"  \o  !  no!"  he  replied,  "do  not  fear,  get  on  board,  it 
is  a  tine  opportunity,  and  you  will  never  find  a  surer 
way  of  escaping." 

At  tlie.se  words,  my  heart  wa.s  perplexed,  I  doubted 
whether  it  was  not  for  the  greater  glory  of  our  I^ord 
Jto  expose  myself  to  the  danger  of  savage  fury  and 
Hames,  in  order  to  aid  in  the  salvation  of  some  soul.  I 
therefore  replied  ;  "  This  affair,  sir,  seems  to  me  »o 
important,  that  I  cannot  give  you  an  answer  on  this 
spot ;  give  me,  if  you  please,  to-night  to  think  it  over. 
I  will  re'commend  it  to  our  Lord  ;  I  will  examine  the 
reasons  on  both  sides,  and  will  tell  you  my  final  resolvi- 
tion  in  the  morning."  Greatly  astonished,  he  granted 
my  request.  The  night  I  spent  in  prayer,  earnestly 
imploring  our  Lord  Jiot  to  let  me  adopt  a  conclusion 
myself,  but  to  give  me  light  to  know  his  most  holy  will ; 


^* 


J3_ 


68 


P  E  K  I  I.  fl     OF     TUB 


that,  ill  all,  and  thrniigli  all,  even  to  tlir  sfako  itself,  I 
would  follow  it.  'I'lic  reasons  to  retain  nie  in  the  eonntry 
T»;.rc  the  consideration  of  tho  Frei\ch  and  Indians  ;  I 
loved  them,  and  felt  so  j^reat  a  desire  to  lie  of  aid  to 
them,  that  I  had  rcsolveil  to  pass  the  rest  of  mv  davs 
in  this  captivity,  for  their  salvation;  hut  now  1  l)cheld 
the  face  of  allairs  entirely  changed. 

First,  as  for  the  three  Frenchmen,  hrought  prisoners 
like  myself  into  the  country,  one,  Kent-  (Joupil,  had 
Lee:',  massacred  at  my  fei-t.  This  young  man  was  as 
pure  as  an  u!if,'el.  Henry,  taken  at  Montreal,  had  fled 
to  the  woods ;  l)ecause,  while  he  was  heholding  the 
cruelties  periietrated  on  two  Hurons  roasting  alive,  some 
Iroquois  told  him  that  they  would  treat  him  so  and  me 
too,  a-s  soon  i\a  I  got  back.  This  threat  made  him 
resolve  to  run  the  risk  of  starving  in  the  woods,  or 
being  devoured  by  some  wild  InMst,  rather  than  endure 
the  torments  inHicted  by  these  half  demons.  He  had 
not  been  seen  for  seven  ilays.  As  to  William  Couture, 
I  could  scarcely  seo  any  means  of  being  of  service  to 
him  for  he  had  In-en  put  in  a  village  at  a  distance  from 
mine,  and  the  Indians  kept  him  so  busy  here  and  there,, 
that  I  could  no  longer  find  him.  He  had,  moreover, 
himself  told  me,  *  Father,  try  to  escajx^ ;  as  soon  as  I  see 
no  more  of  you,  I  will  maniige  to  get  off.  You  know 
well  that  I  remain  in  this  captivity  only  for  your  sake ; 
do  your  best  then  to  escape,  for  I  cannot  thinlc  of  my 
own  liberty  or  life,  till  I  see  you  in  safety."  Besides, 
this  good  young  friend  had  been  given  to  an  old  man, 
who  assured  him  that  he  would  let  him  go  in  peace,  if 
I  could  effect  my  deliverance,  so  that  I  no  longer  saw 
any  reason  to  remain  on  account  of  the  French. 


OCEAN      AND     W  I  I.  D  F.  R  N  Ef  I* 


60 


0  Hfako  itself,  I 
'  in  the  country 
luil  Iiuiiaiis  ;  I 
to  1k>  of  aid  to 
est  of  my  days 
t  now  1  l)eheld 

)tiglit  prisoners 
e  (ioupil,  had 
\f^  man  was  as 
it-eal,  liad  fled 
heholding  the 
ing  alive,  some 
iin  so  and  me 
eat  made  him 
the  woods,  or 
?r  thiin  endure 
ions.  He  had 
lliam  Oouture, 
cf  of  servite  to 

1  distance  from 
lere  and  there,, 
lad,  moreover, 
IS  soon  as  I  see 
F.  You  know 
for  your  ssUce ; 
it  thint:  of  my 
ty."  Besides, 
to  an  old  man, 
go  in  peace,  if 
10  longer  saw 
rench. 


As  to  the  Indians,  instructing  them  was  now  out  of 
the  question,  and  almost  hop<>l(ss  ;  for  the  whole  coun- 
try was  so  excited  against  me,  that  I  no  longer  found 
means  to  speak  to  them  or  gain  them  ;  and  the  Algon- 
quins  and  llurons  kept  aloof  from  nie.  as  a  victim 
destined  to  the  tlanios,  Invause  they  feared  to  come  in 
for  a  share  of  the  rage  and  hatred  Mhith  the  Iroquois 
bore  me.  I  saw,  too,  that  I  had  some  knowledge  of 
♦heir  language,  that  I  knew  their  country  and  tiieir 
strength,  and  that  1  could  perhaps  contribute  better  to 
their  salvation  in  other  ways,  than  by  remaining  among 
thcni.  All  this  knowledge,  it  occurred  to  me,  would 
die  with  me,  if  I  did  not  escape.  'l"he  wretches  too, 
had  so  little  intention  of  giving  us  up,  that  they  com- 
mitted an  act  of  periidy  against  the  riglit  and  custom  of 
all  these  nations.  An  Indian  of  the  country  of  the 
Sokokiois,  allies  of  the  Iroquois,  having  been  taken  by 
the  upper  Algonqulns,  and  brought  to  Three  Rivers,  or 
Quebec  as  a  prisoner,  was  delivered,  and  set  at  liberty 
by  the  intervention  of  the  (Governor  of  New  France,  at 
the  solicitation  of  our  Fathers.  The  good  Indian,  see- 
ing that  the  French  had  saved  his  life,  sent  beauMful 
presents,  in  the  month  of  April,  to  deliver  at  least  one 
of  the  French.  The  Iroquois  retained  the  presents 
without  setting  one  of  us  at  liberty  ;  a  treachery,  perhaps, 
unexampled  among  these  tribes,  for  they  invariably 
observe  the  law,  that  whoso  touches  or  accepts  the 
present  made  him,  must  execute  what  is  asked  by  tht! 
present.  Accordingly,  when  they  c]n  not  wish  to  grant 
what  is  desired,  they  send  back  the  presents  or  make 
others  u.  their  stead. 

But  to  return  to  my  purpose  ;  having  '^  cighed  before 


|M 


PH 


ft 


PEUII.S     or     TIIK 


Ciod  wiili  all  posftiblc  iilisfnictlon  from  self,  tho  rriiHoiin 
for  ri'iiminiiif,'  anion/;  tho  IndiaiiM,  and  tlioHi*  for  leaving, 
I  concliKlcd  that  our  Lord  woidd  he  more  pleased  uitii 
my  takiiif,'  the  oppoituiiily  to  escape. 

As  soon  as  it  was  «lay,  I  \v(!tit  to  salute  tin;  Diifdi 
governor,  und  told  him  tJ)c  resolution  I  had  come  to 
before  (Jod  ;  he  called  for  the  officers  of  the  Khip,  told 
them  his  intentions,  and  exhorted  them  to  receive  and 
conceal  me,  in  a  word,  to  tarry  mc  over  to  Knrojie. 
They  replied,  that  if  1  could  once  set  foot  in  their  ves- 
sel, I  was  safe ;  I  siiould  not  loave  it  till  I  rcac  hed 
Bordeaux  or  Uochelle.  "Cheer  up,  then,"  said  the 
governor,  "  return  with  the  Indians,  and  this  evening, 
or  ia  the  night,  steal  off  (piietly  and  make  for  the  river, 
there  you  will  find  a  little  boat,  which  1  will  have 
ready  to  take  you  to  the  ship."  After  most  humble 
thanks  to  all  those  gentlemen,  I  left  the  Dutch  the  bet- 
ter to  conceal  my  design  ;  in  the  evening,  I  retired,  with 
ten  or  twelve  Iroqiiois,  to  a  barn,  where  wo  spent  the 
night ;  before  lying  down,  I  went  out  to  see  where  I 
could  most  easily  escape.  The  dogs  then  let  loose,  ran 
at  me,  and  a  large  and  powerful  one,  snapped  at  my 
bare  leg,  and  bit  it  severely ;  I  immediately  entered  the 
barn,  the  Iroquois  closed  the  door  securely,  and,  to 
guard  me  better,  came  and  lay  beside  me,  especially  one 
who  was  in  a  manner  appointed  to  watch  me.  Seeing 
myself  beset  with  these  mishaps,  and  the  barn  well  bhut 
and  surrounded  by  dogs,  that  would  betray  me  if  I 
attempted  to  go  out,  I  almost  thought  that  I  could  not 
escaiw,  and  sweetly  complained  to  my  God,  that,  having 
given  the  thought  of  escaping,  "  He  hath  shut  up  my 
way   with   square   stones,    and   in  a  spacious  place  my 


f»  r  F.  A  N      A  N  I>     W  I  1. 1)  I',  U  N  R  «  H  . 


71 


"If,  tho  rCMHOIIM 

)«•  for  leaving, 
I  pleased  with 

liit(!  tlur  Dutch 
I  had  come  to 

the  »hip,  told 
to  receive  and 
(r  to  Kiiiopo. 
)t  in  their  ves- 
,  till  I  reached 
len,"  miid  the 
I  this  evening?, 
3  for  the  river, 
h  1  will  have 
f  most  humble 
Dutch  the  bct- 
I  retired,  with 
)  we  sjient  the 
»  see  where  I 

let  loose,  ran 
napped  at  my 
ly  entered  the 
urcly,  and,  to 
especially  one 
I  me.  Seeing 
;)arn  well  bhut 
etray  me  if  I 
t  I  could  not 
I,  that,  having 
:h  shut  up  my 
ious  place  my 


feet." — I«inient.  iii.  !>.  This  whole  night  alio,  1  ^pent 
without  sleeu  ;  towitrds  day  f  heard  the  cocks  crow  j— 
fcoon  alter  a  servant  of  the  Dutch  farmer  who  ha«l 
received  us  into  his  hirn  entered  hy  some  door  I  did 
not  see.  I  went  up  to  him  softly,  and,  not  understanding 
his  I'lemish,  made  him  a  sign  to  sto|)  tli«;  dogs  harking; 
lie  immedi,it«dy  wont  out,  and  I  alter  him  as  soon  as  [ 
had  taken  my  little  luggage,  consisting  of  a  Little  fMRro 
of  the  IMcsmmI  Virgin,  a  following  of  Ohrist,  and  a 
W()0(l(;n  crosii  which  I  had  made  to  keep  me  in  mind  of 
my  Savior's  sullcriiigs.  Having  got  out  of  the  barn 
without  making  any  noise,  or  waking  my  guards,  I 
climbed  over  a  fence  which  enclosed  the  house,  and 
ran  straig?/c  to  the  river,  where  the  .-.hip  was  ;  it  was  as 
much  as  my  Mounded  leg  coi.ld  do,  for  th«,'  distance 
was  a  good  quarter  of  a  league.  I  found  the  boat  as  I 
had  V)ecn  told,  but,  as  toe  tide  had  gone  down,  it  was 
h'gh  and  dry  ;  I  pushed  it  to  get  it  to  the  water,  but, 
finding  it  too  heavy,  I  c;dled  to  the  ship  to  send  mo 
their  boat  to  take  me  on  l)oard.  There  was  no  answer ; 
I  do  not  know  whether  they  heard  me ;  be  that  as  it 
may,  no  one  appeared,  and  day  was  now  beginning  to 
reveal  to  the  Iroquois  the  robbery  which  1  had  made  of 
myself,  and  I  feared  to  be  surprise  I  in  my  innocent  crime. 
"Weary  of  hallocing,  I  returned  to  my  boat,  and  praying 
to  the  Almighty  to  increase  my  strength,  I  succeeded 
at  last  so  well,  by  working  it  slowly  on,  and  pushing 
stoutly,  that  I  got  it  into  the  water.  As  soon  as  it 
floated,  I  jumped  in,  and  reached  the  vessel  alone,  un- 
perceived  by  any  Iroquois.  I  was  immediately  lodgetl 
ia  the  bottom  of  the  hold,  and,  to  hide  me,  thev  put  a 
large  box  on  the  hatch.    I  was  two  days  and  two  nighta 


u\ 


vt 


PRB'i  I,  H     n  p     T  II  r 


k 


in  till-  Imltl  of  t\m  Kliip,  in  nik  h  u  Hlutc  t!i:;t  I  cxpiutcd 
to  \w  Mufrocafrd,  iuid  ilit>  of  tlio  Hfnuh,  \vln«n  I  rnnnn- 
iK'n'd  poor  Joimli,  uiifl  prayed  our  r<ord,  "  tliiit  I  lni^ht 
not  <lcc  from  liis  fate,"  fJoiias  i.  ,*},)  nor  dcpurt  from 
liiH  will,  hut,  on  the  contrary,  "  tli;it  lir  would  iiifatnalo 
all  rounsflH,"  (2  Kings  xv.  M,)  tliat  Men;  not  for  hi , 
kIoit,  and  to  keep  nio  in  tho  land  of  those  heathen,  if 
he  did  not  approve  my  retreat  and  flight. 

'I'iu!  Hccond  ni^ht  of  my  voluntary  inipriNonmi-nf,  tho 
Minister  of  tiie  Hollanders  came  to  tell  me,  that  the 
Iioiiiiois  had  made  much  trouble,  and  that  the  Dutch 
BctthMs  were  afraid  that  they  would  wt  fire  to  their 
houses  and  kill  their  catlle.  They  have  reaNon  to  fear 
them,  for  they  are  armed  with  pood  arciuelmses.  "  If," 
I  rejjlied,  "  for  my  Hake,  this  great  tempest  is  ujjon  you, 
cast  mo  into  the  sea."— Jonas  i.  12.  If  this  trouble  has 
been  caused  by  ine,  I  am  ready  to  appease  it  at  the  loss 
of  my  life.  1  had  never  wished  to  escape  to  the  injury 
of  the  least  man  in  the  colony.* 

Al  last,  then,  I  had  to  leave  my  den;  the  sailors  took 
umbrage,  saying  "  that  they  had  pledged  their  word  in 
case  I  could  set  foot  on  the  ship,  and  that  they  were 
now  taking  me  off  at  the  very  moment  when  they 
should  have  brought  me,  had  1  not  been  there ;  that  I 
had  put  my  life  in  danger,  by  escaping  on  their  promise, 
and  that,  cost  what  it  might,  they  must  stick  to  it." 
This  honest  bluntness  touched  me,  but  I  begged  them 
to  let  me  go,  as  the  captain,  who  had  opened  to  me  the 


•  Hf  oouM  wy  no  more;  for,  gpent  with  lufforlng  of  mind  and  body,  and 
with  want  of  food,  bo  fell  MoieloH  on  the  deck.— MS.  of  P.  Bdtkux. 


-k^ 


L 


O  (!  K  A  N      A  N  I>     ^^•  I  I.  t)  K  n  N  V.  M  H. 


w 


i:;t  I  CNprcfi'd 
lull  [  iTiricin- 
<  tliiit  I  ini^'lit 
•  (Icpiirf  fiom 
oiild  iiifatiiiitR 
rv  not  lor  lii , 
HO  licathcii,  if 

iHonnHiit,  tlio 
nic,  tliaf  tilt' 
lat  tlio  Dutch 
:  fire  to  tlicir 
ri'UNoii  to  l'(!ar 
lUHCH.  •'  11'," 
is  ujK)!!  you, 
18  tiotiblo  huH 
it  at  the  loss 
to  the  itijury 

0  sailors  took 
:heir  word  in 
lat  they  were 
when  they 
here ;  that  I 
heir  promise, 
;  stick  to  it." 
begged  them 
cd  to  me  the 


1(1  and  body,  sod 
'.  Birrnrx. 


•Iiiiirway  ul"  cMapiiij^,  now  a^kid  inr  hark.*  I  w.is 
lakrii  to  lii<i  Iioiim',  wIu'IT  he  kept  iiic  t  oik  I'.ilcfl,  'I'hcso 
roiiiiiii,'-.  and  Koines  wnc  doiii'  hy  iiiKJit,  oo  that  I  WaN 
not  (iis((ivri(i|.  Ill  all  ihi.  piodi  din;,',  1  iiii^ihl  havi; 
nrK<d  my  own  i(aM)n>,  hut  it  waw  hot  lor  iii*>  to  speak 
ill  my  own  (miim-,  hut  ralhi  r  to  follow  tin-  rommaiid-.  of 
othrrs  ;  1  cliccirfiilly  Hiilimitt«'il.  At  last,  the  captain 
told  me  that  we  miiNt  yield  «aliuly  to  the  Htoriii,  and  • 
wait  till  the  minds  of  the  Indians  wore  appeast-d  ;  iit 
this  advice  all  concurred.  Hern  then  I  am  a  voluntary 
pii-oiier  in  his  house,  whi'nce  I  writ((  this.  If  you  a«.k 
my  thoii^dits  ill  all  this  all'iir,  I  will  tell  you,  first,  that 
the  vessel  whic  h  had  wished  to  save  me  has  ^ouv  off 
without  me.  Second,  that  if  our  Lord  does  n«)t,  in 
an  almost  niiruculouH  way,  protect  me,  the  Indians,  who 
come  and  ^r,)  li,.,e  every  moment,  will  discover  me,  and 
if  they  evt-r  helieve  that  I  am  still  here,  I  must  necessa- 
rily he  restored  to  their  hands. 

Now  when  they  had  sucli  fury  ngainst  mc  before  my 
flight,  how  will  they  treat  me  when  I  full  af,'ain  into 
their  power?  I  will  die  hy  no  ordinary  death  ;  their 
fire,  raf^e  and  w.w  devised  cruelties  will  wring  out  my 
life.  IJlesscd  he  (jod's  name  forever !  We  are  ever  in 
the  bosom  of  his  divine  and  adorable  I'rovidence. 
"  Yea,  the  very  hairs  of  your  head  are  numbered.  Fear 
not,  therefore;  you  are  of  more  valuq  than  many  spar- 
rows," "  not  one  of  m  horn  falls  to  the  earth  without 
your  J'ather." — Luke  xii.  7. 

I  have  been  hidden  ten  or  twelve  days,  and  it  is  hardly 
possible  that  an  evil  day  will  not  come  upon  me. 

•  Hy  captain,  ho  incann  apiiarently  another  than  Van  Curler,  whom  h« 
calli  gov«rDur,  for  be  waa  nol  iii  bii  boiue. 

T 


-k^ 


L 


_vlI 


H 


riRH.H     tlK     T  II  K 


In  iho  third  pltuc,  you  will  tmc  our  ^rvm  iici'il  of 
yt  iir  prayer  .  lUitt  t»l  llii-  Imiy  Kiurilid  h  of  iitl  mir  KatliiTN. 
(iivf  us  iliiH  .iliiitt  *■  tii.it  lliu  l.mni  niuy  ri'iuli'i'  iiic  lit  to 
lovt'  liiui,  piiiii'iit  to  niilui'c,  t'oiiNtmit  to  pfiHi-vuru  in  hi* 
holy  lovo  and  »oiviiT."  Thin,  and  u  littli!  Ntw  'Icnttt- 
tmiit  from  I'.drojtf,  ar»"  uiy  noli'  d«'fiir«'H.  l*ia\  lor  fhcMi 
poor  iiatiori!*  tli.it  litnn  anil  cat  imcIi  otiu'r,  tli.it  iImv  may 
(■OHIO  to  a  liiiowlfiixc  ol"  tliiir  (Kator,  ami  uiiii«.i  liiiii 
tlic  triUutc  of  tiieir  lov«'.  '•  1  am  iiiiiidful  of  you  in  my 
boiuU  ;"  Ciiptivlty  ciuiuot  onclmin  my  ri-mcmliiance. 
I  am,  ill  liiart  anil  af  lent  ion,  utc. 

KenMclttorswytk,  !J0  Aiimi«t,  UW.l. 

The  Mohawks  were  not  easily  appoaiieil,  and  Father 
Jof^iios  rflii.iini'd  a  rlof*e  prisoin  r  for  hi.x  wn'kit ;  «o 
imiih  iioglrrtcd  liy  hiH  honi'st,  Imt  if  would  hi-om  avari- 
cioiifi,  host,  that  ln>  aciually  miU'rifd  hmij^cr  and  tliiist, 
for  though  his  pxrcllcnt  friend,  Mfgapolonsin,  cont>tuntly 
•out  him  viitual"  from  Iuh  own  taldr,  it  wun  not  aJwnyH 
that  his  present  readied  the  niissioiiaiy.  In  a  letter, 
written  liy  Father  Jogiies  alh-r  his  return  to  Frame,  wo 
can  pursue  his  history.  AddresMUg  Father  (y'harloH 
Lalemant,  tlie  first  Suiwrior  of  thn  Jesuit  missions  in 
Canada,  already  known  to  our  readers,  he  snyn  :— 

"  Rknnes,  Janimry  0,  Kilt. 

"  *  Now  1  know  in  very  deed  that  tlu?  Lof'  hath  sent 
his  angels  and  hath  delivered  me  out  of  the  hand  of 
Ilerod,  and  from  all  the  expectation  of  the  Jews.' — Acts 
xii.  11.  The  Iroquois  came  to  tlu^  Dutch  post  about 
the  middle  of  September,  and  made  a  great  deal  of  dis- 
turbance, but  at  last  received  the  presents  made  by  the 


Of  KAN     AND     Wl  M>KII^I!tt)«. 


T5 


Krriti  iH<i-(i  of 

II  Dur  I'lttlicrN, 
•iuUt  m«'  (it  to 
L'i'Ht'Vuru  ill  hU 
If)  Nvw  Teiittt- 
l*ia\  lor  fhomi 
til. it  tlii'v  limy 

III  M-iith  r  liiiii 
i  ,of  you  ill  my 

Ifllilll'.UUI'. 

ilcctioii,  utc. 


(1,  and  Father 
X  woi'ki ;  MO 
Id  hi'Piii  aviiii- 
i^cr  iiiid  tliirNt, 
imIs,  r()ni>tuntly 
UH  not  ahviiVN 
In  II  Irttcr, 
to  l'"raiu'(',  wo 
atlu'i'  CharlcB 
lit  mihHionH  in 
snyw : — 

ry  0,  l(i|4. 

JOf'l  hnth  sent 
r  the  liuiul  of 
Jews.' — Acts 
;ch  j)ost  iibout 
at  dual  of  dis- 
8  made  by  the 


raptiiin  who  IiimI  me  ronn'nli'd.  'I'liny  iimniintfd  to 
nliuilt  llirci'  huudicd  livi'i'<i,  wioi  h  I  will  ciithiivor  to 
rrpay.  All  tliiiiy;«i  lM•il|^  i|i4it'|i  d,  I  wat  ««iit  to  Maiihut* 
tail,  whin-  tlio  (ioVKriior  nl'  thw  touniiy  ifnidi's.  Ifo 
ru('t<iv(>d  nil)  very  kindly,  guvu  nw  clothes,  and  |m.||<«a^Q 
in  a  vf'^ifl,  which  troMni'd  the  ocimu  in  mid-winter, 

"  Having'  put  in  in  llnulaii'l,  I  ^ot  on  u  (olliir'pt  ven* 
•iol  Hhiih  Inou^ht  me  to  Lower  llrittuny,  with  it  ni^ht- 
cup  oil  my  hrad,  in  utter  Wioil  of  every  thiiiK,  iin  you 
lundud  ut  St,  Sebustiun,  but  not  tiller  two  Nhlpwrotk*."* 

HiN  c  tinpAninn  froin  Allxmy  wn<i  llomini*  ItnKurilii',  «ihi>  nhowrd 
thp  nrp.ili'xt  nfTrctioii  for  him,  iind  wi'lromiMl  him  to  hh  houno  in 
MiKihiitiiin.  Th^  (lonTnu-r,  VV'illium  Kii-ft,  nUo  trHitid  him  with 
iiiiirk^*!  kititliH'ti",  mill  thi*  Mi«i'iniiry,  now  curtMJ  of  hin  rtcvnl  wound, 
hud  ieUiirn  to  (.-iiumiiiv  the  Nt4iti' of  thu  ci|iititl  of  th>>  I  liitch  colony, 
iliii  ol)v*rvittii)tii  h«  aftcrwirdi  conimitlird  to  writing,  and,  u«  th* 
miinuficri|it  hait  hvvii  lutriy  made  piililic,  we  insert  it  a  large. 

m;w  iKii.rAMi, 

Which  the  Dutch  call,  in  r.atin,  yoruin  llrl/rium,  in 
their  own  liUiguan(!,  Nieuw  Netherland,  that  [»  to  say, 
New  Low  roiintries,  in  oituated  In^twecri  \'irginiii  and 
New  Knjjlatid,  The  mouth  of  the  river,  which  Homo 
jieople  call  N.issmi,  or  the  (Jiiat  North  Hiver,  to  distiii> 
guioh  it  from  another,  which  tlu'V  call  the  South  River, 
and  from  v)ine  maps  that  I  have  len'ntly  seen,  I  think 
Maurice  River,  is  at  40  deg.  M)  min.  The  channel  in 
deep  fit  for  the  largest  nhips,  which  ascend  to  Manhat- 
te's  Island,  which  i»  seven  leagues  in  circuit,  and  on 
which  there  is  u  fort,  to  ftcrve  as  the  commencement  of 
a  town  to  be  built  here,  and  to  be  called  New  Amsterdam. 

*  8m  iUilMioM,  1642-3,  p.  284. 


0. 


i^:    1 


I,g   or   Tiir. 


' 


« 


The  fort,  whith  U  at  thi'  |Hitiit  of  tho  i«laml,  ulHtut  tlvo 
or  »'\x  U'imiwn  from  ilko  moutli.  it  I'ullcil  tNiri  Anixtiir* 
duin  t  it  \\.\n  four  rrKul.ii'  Imxtinitit  inoiiiitt'd,  with  M'vrrul 
jHcrt'H  of  urtilhr\.  All  thi-xc  luiifioiix,  iiml  lh«'  iiirtuiim 
More,  ill  Ull.'l,  li'it  iitoiiiiil!«,  niii-»t  of  whii  h  hail  iiiini>>lr»l 
AWtiy,  Ml  that  tliry  fitlvriil  tlin  fort  uii  nil  nitli'M,  'ihvra 
were  no  ilitrlit'*..  For  tiic  garriNon  of  thu  Muid  forf,  ituil 
imothcr  which  thfy  had  hiiilt  Mtill  fiirtht'r  ii|>,  a^aiimt 
th(t  iiniiinioiii*  of  thi>  (lavani'w,  thtir  ciicniii'i,  tlicic  wcio 
iii\ty  »nil(lit'ri».  'I'hcy  wcm«»  iM'urinniiiK  to  fuic  the  gatiw 
iiiul  hantiooN  with  htom>.  Within  the  fort  thcTe  wim  a 
|»rrtfy  largo  xfono  thnnh,  tho  hoii»e  of  tho  (Jovj'rnor, 
whom  thfy  I  all  biicotor  (ioiu'ral,  quito  neatly  huilt  of 
brick,  the  utorthouM-s,  and  huriiiiki. 

On  tho  Intand  of  Manhatto,  luul  in  itN  onvironx,  tlicro 
mny  woll  Imi  four  or  fivo  hundred  men  of  dilfeient  ncct» 
mid  nutioiiM  ;  the  Dirertor  (Jeneral  told  nie  that,  there 
were  men  of  eij<htecn  ilitleriMit  langiiage^n ;  tin  y  lue  Hcut- 
tored  hero  and  there  on  the  river,  uIkho  and  hclow,  an  the 
iMuuty  nnd  ronvcnienco  of  tho  xpot  invited  eaeh  to  itot- 
tlo;  Moine,  nicchanicM,  however,  who  ply  their  trade,  uro 
ranged  under  the  fort  ;  all  the  otherH  wort;  exposed  to 
the  ineurhions  of  the  natives,  who,  in  the  year  KiliJ, 
while  I  was  there,  actually  killed  nemo  two  ncoio  IIol- 
landerH,  nnd  burnt  many  houses  and  banm  full  of  wheat. 

The  river,  whieh  is  very  straight,  and  runn  due  north 
nnd  south,  is  at  least  a  league  broad  before  the  fort. 
Ships  lie  at  an<  hor  in  a  bay  which  forms  the  other  side 
of  the  inland,  and  can  bo  defended  from  the  fort. 

Shortly  before  I  arrived  there,  three  large  ships  of 
three  hundred  tons  each  had  come  to  load  wheat ;  two 
found  cargoes,  the  third  could  not  bo  loaded,  because 


ACKAN     AND     W  1 1,  D  r  It  K  Kill. 


Tf 


and,  ttlntttt  il\o 

K«rt  Ani»ii'r« 

il,  v>\t\i  M'Vrrul 

•t  th«>  I'ltrttiiiiii 

kiili'N.  'i'lii'ro 
)  Muid  fort,  iiml 
cr  u|>,  a^iiiiiNt 
it'x,  tlu'io  wci'O 

fm-i>  tho  gato* 
It  there  wiiH  a 
tho  (lovrrnor, 
neatly  built  of 

pnvironH,  there 
inir«!ront  Hccti 
nil'  tliat  thcro 
;  th«  y  are  itcat- 
il  he  low,  lu  tho 
;d  cuch  to  itot- 
thcir  trudo,  aro 
rt;  exposed  to 
he  year  KiliJ, 
,wo  Hcore  IIol* 
n  full  of  wheat. 
nuiH  due  north 
efote  the  fort. 
I  the  other  nido 
he  fort, 
large  ships  of 
lul  wheat ;  two 
oudud,  because 


tho  inviiKix  had  burnt  n  \wt  of  their  Krain.  1'tic__ 
•lllp«»  ruMie  from  the  NVe«f  Indici,  whrre  the  V'«  »t 
Iitdiii  Curnpany  ii«iually  keep*  up  MVentcen  »liipt  «»f 
wnr. 

No  rrligion  la  publi'ly  cxeniMt),  but  tb»  (.'utviniHrt 
nnd  orders  are  to  uibnit  nonp  but  CalvinixlM  ;  but  thi»  U 
not  (ihnerved  ;  for  fluM  aie  in  tin  Colony  lK".iden  them 
I'aflndi"*,  r.n^li^h  TuritanM,  J.utherani,  Anul)apti»t«, 
hero  railed  Mnisfrii,  Mi  nnoni«tN,  ete  Wlun  any 
one  comex  to  nettle  in  tho  r.uinfry,  they  lend  him  hortr*, 
eowi,  ute.;  they  f^ive  him  proviMiont,  idl  of  whidi  ho 
retiunx  a»  ttuon  ax  he  it  at  eawe  ;  antl,  Hn  to  the  land,  nrter 
ten  year*,  he  payu  to  the  \Ve»t  India  C'«>nipany,  tliu 
tenth  of  the  prodieo  whi'h  ho  rcapi. 

Thix  eountry  in  bouniled  on  the  New  Kngland  Hide 
by  II  river  which  they  eidl  the  Fremhe  (Connectieuf) 
Iliver,  which  serves  nn  a  boundary  U'tween  them  and 
the  Kngliiih.  The  Kiigli-.h,  however,  como  very  near  to 
.  them,  choosing  to  hold  laiuU  under  the  Hollanders,  who 
Uhk  nothing,  rather  tl;.tn  depend  on  Knglish  Lords,  who 
exact  rents,  ami  woiilil  fain  1h;  al)solute.  On  the  other 
(tide,  southward,  (ovard  N'irginia,  its  limits  are  the  river 
whirh  fhev  rail  the  South  (Delaware)  Kiver,  on  which 
there  is  also  a  Dutch  setth'nient,  hut  the  Swedes  huvo  one 
at  its  mouth,  e\:teniely  well  su; ',  lied  with  cannons  and 
nuMJ,  It  is  believed  that  these  Swedes  are  maintained 
by  Bomc  Amsterdam  t.terebants,  v/]\o  aic  not  satixtied 
that  the  West  India  Company  should  ulrm  enjoy  all  tho 
eoninu'ice  of  ihe>(>  parts.  It  is  near  tjiin  rivo.  that  it 
gold  mine  is  rep^-ted  to  have  been  found. 

See,  in  the  work  of  (he  Sieiir  do  Laet  of  Antwi  rp,  X\\» 
table  nnd  chapter  on  New  JJelgium,  as  he  sometimes 

7« 


.r< 


i' 


■MMvnni^n 


JL. 


78 


I'  E  lU  I.  H      (>  1'     T  It  K 


*^    V 


.  ^ 


calls  it,  or  tho  mnj)  "Nova  An>;lia,  Novu   HclRium  et 
Virginia." 

It  is  al)()ut  forty  ycaiH  since  llic  IIolIanchtiH  camo  to 
thcst!  parts.  I'lic  fort  uas  Ii(;riin  in  tlic  year  1()15; 
tlioy  began  t<»  Notlh^  abont  twenty  years  ago,  ami  tliere  is 
already  some  littb;  (omineree  witb  Virginia  ai;(l  New 
l'.nglan(l. 

'I'he  lirst  corners  found  lands  fit  for  j^se,  previously 
cleared  by  tbe  savages,  who  formerly  liad  fields  lietc. 
Those  who  came  later  havi!  (th-ared  the  woods,  which  arc 
mostly  of  oak.  The  soil  is  good.  Deer  hunting  is 
abundant  in  tlie  fall.  There  are  some  houses  built  of 
stone  ;  lime  they  make  of  oyst(!r  shells,  great  heaps  of 
which  arc  found  her(!,  made  formerly  by  the  savages, 
who  subsisted  in  part  by  that  fishery. 

The  climate  is  very  mild.  Lying  at  forty  and  two- 
thirds  degrees,  there  arc  many  European  fruits,  as  ap- 
ples, pears  and  cherries.  1  reached  there  in  October, 
and  found,  even  then,  a  considerable  quantity  of  peaches. . 

Ascending  the  vivcr  to  the  forty-third  degree,  y  >u 
meet  the  second  Dutch  settlement,  which  the  tide 
reaches,  but  does  not  pass.  Ships  of  a  hundred  and 
twenty  tons  can  come  up  to  it. 

There  are  two  things  in  thin  settlement,  fwhich  is 
called  IlensselaerEwyck,  as  if  to  say  settlement  of  llens- 
selaers,  who  is  a  rich  Amsterdam  merchant) — first,  a 
miserable  little  fort  called  Fort  Orange,  built  of  logs, 
with  four  or  five  pieces  of  Breteuil  cannon,  and  as  many 
swivels.  This  has  been  reserved,  and  is  maintained  by 
the  West  India  Company.  This  fort  was  formerly  on 
aii  island  in  the  river;  it  is  now  on  the  main  land, 
towards  the  Hiroquois,  a  little  above  the  said   island. 


I'u  TIclRium  «t 
indiiiH  cimo  to 

l(!  JCiir  UJl/)  ; 
1^0,  and  till  r(;  is 
,'iniii  ai;d  New 

^so,  previously 
ul  fit-Ids  liui  c. 
)()(1h,  wiiicii  art! 
ircr  liuiifiiif,'  is 
lioust's  ijuilt  of 
grt;at  lieaps  of 
)y  the  savagtis, 

forty  ami  two- 
a  fruits,  as  ap- 
ro  in  October, 
tity  of  peaches. . 
(1  degree,  y  lU 
'hich  the  tide 
hundred  and 

ncnt,  (which  is 
ment  of  Jlens- 
L'hant) — first,  a 

built  of  logs, 
11,  and  as  many 

maintained  by 
as  formerly  on 
be  main  land, 
le  said   island. 


OtiKAN      AM)     Wl  M)l',  UN  KHH. 


n 


Sccotid,  a  colony  scnit  hen;  by  this  Ktinsstilaers,  who  is 
the  I'atrooii.  This  colony  is  composed  of  al)oiit  a  hun- 
tlrcd  persons,  who  reside  in  some  twt.-rity-five  or  thirty 
houses,  buift  along  t|.(!  river,  as  each  found  most  t;onv(!- 
iiituit.  In  the  princiiml  house  lives  the  I'atrtjon's  agent ; 
th(!  Ministtu-  has  his  apart,  in  whir;h  service  is  pt'rformt^d. 
There  is  also  a  kind  of  TJailiff  liere,  whom  thr-y  call  the 
Seneschal,  who  admiiiist»;rs  justice.  Their  houses  are 
men.'ly  of  boards,  and  thatched,  with  no  mason  work 
except  the  chimiKjys.  The  forest  furnishing  many  large 
pin«;s,  they  make  boards  by  luciim  of  their  mills,  which 
they  have  here  for  the  purpose. 

'I'htjy  found  some  pieces  of  ground  already,  which 
the  savages  had  formerly  cleared,  and  in  whit;h  they 
sow  nheat  and  oats  for  beer,  and  for  their  horses,  of 
which  they  have  great  numbers.*  There  is  little  land  fit 
for  tillage,  being  hemmed  in  by  hills,  which  are  Irarren. 
This  obliges  them  to  separate,  and  they  already  occupy 
'  two  or  three  leagues  of  country. 

Trade  is  irce  to  all ;  this  gives  the  Indians  all  things 
cheap,  each  of  the  flollandtus  outbidding  his  neighbor, 
and  being  satisfied,  provided  he  can  gain  some  little 
pro".t. 

This  settlement  is  not  more  than  twenty  leagues  from 
the  Agniehronons,  (Mohawks-j  who  can  be  reached  by 
land  or  water,  as  the  river  on  which  the  Iroquois  lie, 
falls  into  that  which  passes  by  the  Dutch,  but  there  are 
many  low  rapids,  and  a  fall  of  a  short  half  league,  where 
the  canoe  must  be  carried. 

•  The  introduction  of  horses  and  of  European  fniiti  wa*  much  neglected 
by  the  French  in  Canada,  and,  even  later  than  thia  date,  an  apple  wa«  * 
rarity. 


w 


^4 


ii  1 


•  • 


m 


TKmX.H     0  F      T  It  F. 


Thorc  arc  muny  nations  between  tlio  two  Dutch  set- 
tlements, which  are  about  thirty  (Jermiin  h-.i^iies  apart ; 
tliat  is,  about  fifty  or  (-ixty  French  h>a;,'iies.      'I'lie  Loiips* 
whom  the  Irociiiois  call  A,L,'(itsagenens,  are  the  nearest  to 
]iensselaerswy<k   and.    Fort  Oraiij^'e.     War  hreakiiii,'  o>it 
some  years  ago  between  tlin   lro(itiois  and  the   Loups, 
the  Dutch  joined  the  hitter  against  the  former,  but  four 
men  having  been  taken   and  burnt,  they  made  poaeo. 
Siuce  then,  some  nations  near  the  sea  having  killed  some 
Hollanders  of  tin;  most  distant  settlement,  the  Holland- 
ers killed  one  hundred   and   fifty  Indians,  m-n,  women 
and    chldren.     They   having    then,  at    intervals,   killiHl 
forty  Hollanders,   burnt  many   houses,  and  committed 
ravages,    estimated,  at    the    tinu'    that    I   was  there,  at 
200,000  liv.  (two  hundred  thousand  livres,)  they  raised 
troops  in  New  England.     Accordingly,  in  the  beginning 
of  winter,  the  grass  being  trampled  down,  and  some 
snow    on  the  ground,  they  gave  them  chase  with  six 
hundred  men,  keei)ing  two  hundred  always  on  the  move, 
and  constantly   relieving  one  another;  so  that  the  In- 
dians, shut  up  in  a  large  island,  and  unable  to  flee  easily 
on  account  of  their  women  and   children,   were  cut  to 
pieces,    to    the  number  of  sixteen  hundred,  including 
women  and  children.     This  obliged  the  rest  of  the  In- 
dians to  make  peace,  which  still  continues.     This  occur- 
red in  xG4.']  and  1(544. 

Three  Uivors  in  .Vew  Frnnep,  Aug.  3,  lOlfi. 

*  These  ore  tlie  iMolicgans,  whcfin  Chamjihiin,  the  first  to  know  them, 
calls  tliciu  "  MiiyKvnatlilcoiso,"  which  menus  "Wolf  tribe,"  p.  1"3.  The 
IiKliiin  n;iiiio  .Mohe«an  has  been  (.rcservocl  in  English,  but  the  French,  truns. 
latins  their  riiuue,  generally  ciillcl  them  Loups,  though  Mohingan  i.s  n.  t 
unfrcquent.  Chunipliiin  puts  them  two  days'  march  from  lUo  Vroeciu  anU 
three  or  four  from  the  Dutch. 


OCKAX     AND     AVII.DERNF.SS. 


81 


«o  Diiffh  sct- 
Icai^iics  iipiirt ; 
I  li«;  Loiips* 
tijc  nearest  to 
•  hicakiiit,'  <»it 
tl  tlic  l.diijjs, 
nwr,  but  four 

rniulc  peace. 
'^  killed  some 
the  Holhmd- 
T\VM\,  woiiieu 
erviils,  kill(Hl 
id  coiniiiitted 
was  there,  at 
,)  they  raised 
the  hef^innirig 
n,  and  some 
lase  with  six 
on  tlie  move, 
that  the  In- 
;  to  ilee  easily 
were  eut  to 
;d,  including 
M  of  the  In- 

This  occur- 


t  to  know  them, 
«,"  p.  173.  Tho 
lio  French,  truns- 
Muhingan  is  m  t 
,  luo  Vroccia  unU 


T}ie  so((nc-l  of  the  misHlnnurj's  cnrepr  can  he  dhortly  told,  lie  loft 
New  York  as  we  '■  ive  wen  in  a  small  hark  on  the  .jfh  of  N'ovi-mher, 
and,  afttr  much  hinlship,  put  into  Falmouth,  in  Knjjland,  havinj? 
aliiiO't  falltii  into  the  handnof  a  Parliament  cruiser.  Here  their  hark 
wan  entered  hy  rohhcnt,  and  F  Jojfiies  stripped  of  his  hat  and  coat. 
l[avinff  seen  a  P'reneh  collier,  he  went  up  to  him,  nnd  thoiijjh  at  first 
t;iken  for  a  \<cin^r,  made  known  hirt  real  character,  and  ohtained 
pa^-ago  to  the  French  coast,  which  he  reached  hetween  Brest  and 
.St.  I'ol  de  Leon  on  Christmafi  day,  early  enough  to  satisfy  his  devo- 
tioi.  hy  reccivins;  communion,  of  which  he  had  so  lonj,'  heen  deprived. 

.\  ffood  men  hint  took  him  to  Ilennes,  unknown  ;  he  presented 
himself  at  tho  cr)llege  of  his  order  as  one  who  hrouf,'ht  news  from 
Can  id  I.  The  Hector,  who  was  preparing  to  say  mass,  hurried  to  see 
tlie  stran(,'fr,  as  soon  as  he  heard  the  word  Canada.  Almost  his  first 
qiiesiion  was,  ns  to  Father  Jogues,  "Do  you  know  him?"  "I 
know  him  well,"  said  the  other.  "  We  have  heard  of  his  cajiture  hy 
the  Iroquois,  and  his  horrihle  sufftrin^js.  What  has  hecome  of  him? 
Is  he  still  alive?  "  "  He  is  alive,"  said  F.  Jogues,  "  he  is  free,  he  is 
now  speakin;,'  to  you,"  and  he  cast  himself  at  the  feet  of  his  astonish- 
ed Sujierior  to  ask  his  l)lessin^. 

Once  known,  honors  met  him  on  every  side;  objects  helonpin^  to 
him  were  eagerly  sou>(ht  as  relics  ;  the  Queen  Rejjent  oven  retjuested 
that  he  should  come  to  Paris,  that  she  might  see  so  illustrious  a  suf- 
ferer. All  this  was  painful  to  him,  and  it  was  not  till  three  times 
summoned,  that  he  jirocecdtd  to  tl]e  Capital.  He  longed  to  return 
to  Cinnda ;  l)ut  one  thing  prevented  his  departure.  The  mangled 
h  mds  which  had  been  reverently  kissed  by  the  Queen  and  Court  of 
Franci,  were  an  obstacle  to  his  celebrating  the  Holy  Sacrifice  of  the 
Altar.  A  dispensation  was  needed.  Urban  VHI.  then  sat  in  the 
See  of  Peter,  a  Pope  noted  esjiccially  for  tho  stringent  rules  which  he 
introduced  agiinst  any  symptom  of  public  veneration  to  the  departed 
servants  of  (Jod,  until  their  life  and  virtues  had  been  sifted  and  exam- 
ined Iti  the  long  and  minute  legal  proceedings  for  canonization.  Yet, 
tvhen  the  application  of  Father  Jogues  was  ])resented,  and  he  had 
learned  the  story  of  his  ■sufferings,  he  forgot  his  own  laws,  and  ex- 
claimed, as  he  granted  it,  "  Inu!(^um  esse  Christi  martyrem  Christi 
non  bibero  sanguinem." 

Nothing  now  detained  the  missionary  in  France,  and  early  in  the 
spring  of  1644,  he  was  again  in  Canada.    The  colony  was  on  the 


ll  ! 


|:       ' 


.JX 


r i: 111  r,H    oi 


T  II  K 


liriiik  (>rniln,  Imt  ihc  fJovpriinr  fortiiimtily  hrmi^jtif  Hie  Mnlmw'^N  (o 
olFiT  ifliicc.  Il  wiiH  p(inc|ii(li(l  III  Thrrc  Kivcn  on  llic  lUlli  of  July, 
KM'*.  KnllitT  JojfiH'ii,  though  (itiifiiiiicd  nt.  Mdntri'iil,  wiiit  prcuMit, 
mill  III!  iinxiiiiiH  oliHcrvtT  of  tint  ulnlc  of  fccliiif?.  'I'lic  (.rciily  wim  itt 
last  cmilirincd  on  tlic  Molmwk,  iinil  ii){iiiii  rciii'wcil  on  ihc  St.  I  aw- 
rcncc,  with  ii  r('(|ui'Nt  for  it  niinsioiiary.  CoiiHrioiiM  llml,  nil  wonlii 
turn  lo  liiiii,  lir  wrolc  to  ii  frii'iid  the  rollowiiij,'  ort-riti'il  letter: 

"Alas,  my  dear  Fafhor,  wlicM  .sliiijl  I  lir^ri,,  to  l(.vc 
and  Hcrvf  liim  wliost-  love  for  us  lijid  no  licjriniiinfr  / 
W'Urn  shall  I  hr^\it  fo  give  iiiysiir  (niiicly  to  liim,  who 
has  given  liiniscir  iiiiicsci-vcdly  to  iiic  ?  Ahhoiigh  I 
am  viM-y  nnscialiic,  and  have  so  misused  the  gtares  our 
hord  has  clone  me  in  tliis  eonntry,  1  do  not  desj),..i ,  as 
lie  fakes  care  to  render  mc  hetter  !)y  giving  me  new 
occasions  to  die  to  self,  and  unite  myself  inscparahly  to 
him. 

•^'I'he  Iro([uois  have  eom«<  to  make  some  presents  to 
our  (lovernor  to  ransom  some  prisimers  he  held,  and  to 
treat  of  peace  with  him  in  the  name  of  the  whole 
eonntry.  It  has  l)een  concluded  to  the  great  joy  of  the 
French.      It  will  last  as  long  as  pleases  the  Almighty. 

"  '1  o  maintain  it,  and  see  what  can  he  done  for  the 
instruction  of  these  tribes,  it  is  here  deemed  expedient 
to  send  some  Father.  I  have  reason  to  think  I  shall  he 
sent,  Jiaving  some  knowledge  of  the  language  and 
country.  You  see  what  need  I  have  of  the  powerful 
aid  of  prayers,  hcing  amidst  these  savages.  I  will  have 
to  remain  among  them,  almost  M'ithout  liberty  to  pray, 
without  m:i:,s,  without  sacraments,  and  be  responsible 
for  every  accident  among  the  Iroquois,  French,  /.,!■;  > 
quins,  and  others.  But  what  do  I  say ?  My  hop- i;  i,) 
God,  who  needs  not  us  to  accomplish  his  designs.     Y'e 


im 


imii^ 


'  flu-  Molmw'iR  in 
Ihi'  l-.Mii  of  July, 
I'lll,  WIIH  prcMciit, 
lir   t,r(';ily  wiih  al 

•  III  ilic  St.  I  aw- 
M  that  all  woiiiii 
lli'il  letter:  — 

lM';j;iii  to  love 
<)   lt('j(iniiiii>,' y 

•  to  liiiii,  who 
AIllii)ii.-,Mi    I 

111'  gtiu  t's  our 
ot  (les|),..r,  as 
viiif(  nil!  new 
iiscparahly  to 

[!  presents  to 
f  liclil,  and  to 
if  tlic  whole 
?at  joy  of  the 
Ahnighty. 
done  for  tho 
ed  expedient 
nk  I  shall  ho 
inguago  and 
ihe  powerful 
I  will  have 
lerty  to  ])ray, 
?  responsible 
jnch,  i'jj( ) 
ly  hop'  i;  ra 
esigns.     V.^e 


i[- 


O  (;  KAN      AND     W  I  I.  H  V.  K  N  K  H  H  . 


m 


mnst  endeavor  to  he  faitlifd  to  him,  and  not  upoil  hin 
work  l^y  our  Hliort-iorniiigs.  I  trust  yen  will  ohiain  nrie 
tliiH  favor  of  our  liOril,  that,  having  led  no  wrcti  heil  a 
life  till  now,  I  may  at  last  hegin  to  nerve  him  hi  tlir. 

**  My  iieart  tidls  me  tliat  if  I  liave  tlie  happiness  of  heing 
employed  ii>  tliis  missifiti,  Ilio  il  imn  nililm:  Imt  I  i-hali 
be  hapjiy.  if  our  I^ord  will  (omiihtc  the  Miiriilice  w  hrr«; 
lie  has  begun  it,  and  make  tin;  little  blood  I  liave  sh<d 
in  that  land,  the  earnest  of  what  I  w  luld  give  frr;iu 
every  vein  of  my  body  and  my  heart. 

"In  a  word,  this  pi^ople  is  'a  Ijloody  wpouse  to 
me,'  'in  my  hi'  )d  have  1  espousi-d  it  t.>  me.' — Kxod. 
iv.  25.  May  our  good  MastcT,  who  has  purehased  tliem 
in  his  blood,  ope-n  to  them  the  door  of  his  gospel,  as 
well  as  to  the  four  allied  nations  near  them. 

"  Adieu,  dear  Father,  jiray  him  to  unite  mo  insepaia- 
bly  to  him. 

«'  I.HAAC'   JofiUEH,    .S.   J." 

llm  itiihMion  wdM  „t  last  resolved  upon:  •\  a  council  of  the  mi»- 
Bionaries  at  (iuf.-heo,  it  was  determine. i  in  April  thjlt  Futhur  Jogui  ■< 
should  iR'tjin  the  new  miwon  of  the  Martyrs, 

He  received  the  announcement  ot  .Montreal,  and  wrotn  an  follown : 

"  Revkrp;m>  Fathkr: 

"  The  letter  which  it  has  plea.sed  your  Itcverence  to 
■write,  found  mc  in  my  lletreat,  and  in  the  Exercises* 
which  I  had  l)egun,  there  being  no  canoe  to  carry  our 

*  To  make  a  retreat  or  p^rfurin  the  npiritual  exercises,  is  tn  give  a  certain 
time,  mually  eiglit  liaj*,  to  siltnct,  i.rayer,  D-iiit«tion,  pious  reading,  and 
aelf-cxaminatiuD.  Thin  is  r^uirrd  annually  by  the  rales  of  (oine  religion* 
ordcri,  and  is  a  common  pr""!  ice  with  the  devout  in  Cath<iJic  c<.untriei, 
whcr<i  suitable  houses  are  %'  be  found  adapted  for  tbi<  U  ai^t%tj  retire- 
ment. 


■lA 


fi  »■• 


Hi 


r  KUl  I,H      OK     T  ir  F. 


li'tft-;-.      I  rliimo  Ihis  time,  hcciiiisi'  the  IiiilimiM,  ])vh\fr  at 
the  vliiiNf,  allow  iiH  to  nijdv  a  i;i(Mtfi  silriKc. 

"  Would  you  iM'licvc,  iliat  on  opoiiii^r  your  Irllcr  my 
lifart  was  at  lirst  sri/rd  with  a  kind  of  fen.  ili;it  n\I.;,| 
I  (K'siir,  and  m  lial  my  soid  ^lloul«l  ranicsliy  drsirc, 
iuif;Iit  anivc ,'  I'oor  imtiiic,  niiiidfnl  ofllic  i)ast,  licni- 
l>l(d;  htit  our  Lord,  by  ids  pHidncss,  has  f^ivcii,  and 
will  itf,Miu  irstoio  if   calm. 

**  VoH,  ralluT,  1  will  all  that  our  I,(U(1  wills,  and  I 
will  it  at  flu-  peril  of  a  thousand  lives.  ()), !  |i„w  1 
should  regret  to  lose  so  glorious  an  occasion,  when  it 
may  depend  oidy  on  ine  that  sonu-  souls  he  saved!  I 
hope  that  his  goodn(>ss,  which  has  not  al)aiuloi»'d  me  in 
the  hour  of  trial,  will  aid  me  still.  Ho  and  I  are  ahlo 
to  trample  down  every  didieuity  .thar  can  ()i)pose  the 
l)roject. 

"  It  is  much  to  ho  •  in  medio  iiationis  pravtc,'  with- 
out mass,  without  altar,  without  confession,  without  sac- 
raments, but  his  holy  will  and  divine  IVovideiuo  ko 
will  it. 

"Ho  who,  by  liis  holy  grace,  preserved  us  without 
these  helps,  for  eighteen  or  twenty  months,  will  not 
refuse  us  the  same  favor,  for  we  do  not  thrust  ourselves 
into  this  work,  but  un(lertal<ing  this  voyage  scdely  to 
please  him,  without  consulting  all  the  repugnances  of 
nature. 

"  As  to  all  these  comings  and  goings  of  the  Iroquois, 
what  I  can  say  is,  that  I  see  very  few  from  the  fir't  two 
towns  ;  yet  it  is  with  them  chiefly  that  we  arc  concerned, 
as  the  last  killed  were  of  these  villages.  Scarcely  any 
have  come  except  from  the  last  village,  where  Couture 
was,  and  they  profess,  at  least,  in  words,  not  to  come 


db 


iiniH,  1m'iiij»  at 

If. 

iinr  Idler  iiiv 

.11',  lliat    ulial 

ichlly   ilcsiic, 

<•  past,  licni- 

«  f^ivcii,  ami 

Mills,  a:i(l  I 
()l>!  liow  [ 
i()ii,  wlicn  it 
){•  saved !  I 
idoiied  me  in 
il  I  arc  alilt! 
()|)j)()sc  tlio 

iravir,'  with- 
without  sac- 
iovidoncc  bo 

us  without 
lis,  Avill  not 
1st  ourselves 
'j;e  solely  to 
uguanccs   of 

he  Iroquois, 
the  iir'-t  two 
G  concerned, 
Scarcely  any 
ere  Couture 
lot  to  como 


in:  V.  AN      AN  II     W  t  1. 1)  r.  11  N  y.  ,-t  H  . 


m 


m   wirri'ir^-    in   f !»■«,<•  parts      It   it   nnl,   honevcr,  -.Hlti 
lliese  liM  lliiit  H<;  must,  dwell,  h.it  wilh    those  mIk-h.  we 

«lo   not  hrl\ 

'"  1  thank  you  a(!"i''li<«iwite|y  lor  sendins^  liie  ytmr 
JIui'iH  iinhiiiiD/n.  Send  llie  lesl,  when  you  p|ea-e. 
What  i  need  is  ehiefly  prayers,  I'ornnilariei  lor  (onles- 
sion,  n  ijiLsiIrm  ffiHiri't.  1  will  iherehy  heeome  v. or 
(h'hior,  as  I  am  already  «iri  so  many  j^ronntN,  I  <.\m; 
your  K(!veren(e  tin-  account  A'  the  « Capture  and  Deaih 
of  j,'ood  Ueiie  (i(mpil,'  wh'<  h  1  should  have  sent  already. 
Ifthcr  hearer  of  this  f,'ive  nu'  time,  I  will  send  if  alonu'. 

"  lt'(iod  wills  that  I  go  to  the  InKjiiois,  my  coin|(aii- 
ion  must  he  virtuous,  docile,  courageous,  and  villiiu.;  to 
HuH'er  something  for  fiod.  It.  would  he  well  for  him  to 
know  how  to  make  (aiiocs,  so  that  we  can  go  and  return 
■without  calling  on  the  Indians." 

Thi)  (iiTi)iait  of  IlciK- fJoijpil  hi-ru  ririrrcd  to  still  (•xNts  in  manu- 
Bcrijit,  anil  as  jirohuhly  hin  IuhI  work,  wo  iiisorl  il  in  tlii.H  coilccliorii 


»       - 

f      t 


i      I 


id 


nimiiiiTii 


:  .w  »^.<»«^pHW— 


8(t 


1" K K  t  r, M    or    T It  B 


ClIAPTKK    Iir. 


ACCOtTNT  or  THE  CAPTIVITY   AND   DEATH    OF  RENE   OOHnU 
II     rATIIH    UAAO    JOOBH. 

Uene  Goiii'ii,  was  II  native  of  Angers,  who  in  the 
hlooni  of  life  furnestly  a!*kc(l  adnuNsion  into  our  noviti- 
ate at  Paris,  wiicre  lie  remained  some  months  with  f^rcat 
cdificatiou.  His  bodily  ailments' having;  dcpiived  him 
of  the  happiness  of  consecrating  himself  in  the  holy  state 
of  religion  as  he  had  wished,  ho  crossed  over  to  New 
France,  as  soon  as  he  grew  better,  to  serve  the  society 
there,  as  he  had  not  had  the  happiness  of  giving  himself 
to  it  in  the  old.  And  to  do  nothing  c*"  his  own  head, 
though  rujrfect  master  of  his  actions,  he  submitted  him- 
self entirely  to  the  direction  of  the  Superior  of  the  mis- 
sion, who  employed  him  for  two  whole  years  in  the 
meanest  employments  of  th.e  house,  which  he  discliarged 
with  great  humility  and  charity.  'I'hoy  also  gave  him 
the  care  of  ten<ling  the  sick  and  Mounded,  in  the  hospi-  . 
tal,  a  post  he  filled  with  great  ability,  for  he  was  well 
skilled  in  s\irgery,  and  with  equal  love  and  charity, 
always  lieholding  our  Lord  in  the  person  of  his  patients. 
So  sweet  an  odor  of  his  goodness  and  other  virtues  did 
he  leave  in  that  place,  that  his  memory  is  still  in  bene- 
diction there. 

A«  we  descended  from  the  Hurons  in  July,  1642,  we 


i. 


NR  oonni* 


who  ill  tho 
:o  our  iioviti- 
18  witlj  f^rcat 
cpiivid  liim 
he  holy  statu 
iver  to  New 
c  the  society 
iviiig  himself 
is  own  head, 
miitted  him- 
p  of  the  mis- 
y'ears  in  the 
e  discharged 
so  gave  him 
in  the  hospi- 
he  was  well 
and  charity, 
his  patients, 
r  virtues  did 
:ill  in  bene- 

ly,  1642,  we 


OCKAN     ANU     w  I  1,1)  KRN1II9. 


H7 


nsk«d  the  reverend  Fatli«r  Viinont  to  let  nn  take  hlin, 
as  the  lliuoiis  greatly  needed  a  burgeon,  and  he  .on- 
Bcnted.  It  were  inipossihle  to  exi)resK  tho  joy  of  thin 
good  young  nam  when  the  Superior  told  him  to  i)reparc 
for  the  voyage.  He  knew  witlial  the  great  dangers  on 
the  river;  he  knew  how  furious  the  Iroipiois  wero 
against  the  French,  yet  all  this  couhl  not  detor  l.ini 
from  emharking  for  Three  Uiver»,  at  the  bliglllest  sign 
of  Hid  will,  to  whom  ho  liud  voluntarily  resigned  all  that 
concerned  him. 

We  loft  tlu're,  (Three  Kiversj  on  the  first  of  August, 
the  morrow  of  tlie  feast  of  our  ludy  Father,  On  tho 
second,  wi;  met  the  enemy,  who  divided  into  two  bands, 
awaited  us,  with  all  the  advantage,  which  a  large  num- 
ber of  pi(  ked  men,  fighting  on  laud,  can  have  over  a 
bmaller  one  of  all  kinds  on  the  wat(;r  in  bark  canoes. 

Almost  all  the  Hurons  had  iled  into  tho  wood,  and, 
having  left  us,  we  were  taken.  Here  his  virtue  was 
strikingly  displayed,  for,  as  soon  as  he  was  taken,  ho 
said:  "Father!  IMcssed  be  (iod,  he  has  permitted  it, 
he  has  wished  it,  his  holy  will  be  done,  I  love  it,  I  wish 
it,  1  cherish  it,  I  embrace  it  with  all  my  heart."  While 
the  enemy  pursued  the  fugitives,  I  confessed  him  and 
gave  him' absolution,  not  knowing  what  was  to  betal  us 
after  our  capture.  'I'bc  enemy  having  retun.ed  from 
the  chase,  fell  on  us  with  their  teeth  like  furious  dogs, 
tore  out  our  nails  and  crunched  our  fingers,  all  which 
he  endured  with  great  patience  and  courage. 

His  pr'.'scnce  of  mind,  in  so  distressing  an  accident, 
was  sliown,  especially  in  his  aiding  me,  in  spite  of  his 
wounds,  in  instructing,  as  far  as  he  could,  the  Huron 
prisoners,  who  were  not  yet  Christians.     As  I  was  in- 


N 


f  1 


••wmgamMoMBmanies!!^ 


I»  K  B  1 1. S     or     TH  R 


( 


i«rnctlng  tlicm  nfpimtt'ly,  iut4  an  tlipy  ciini<»  ft)  m«,  ha 
yiniiinU'd  nw  that  a  pour  olil  man  tiiiiiicd  Oiul^  rmtm, 
niii^lit  ;4i'll  ho  oiu!  oi  tItoM*  to  Ih)  killtil  mi  flu'  sptu,  it 
Itt'iiij^  lh(  ir  nixfoni  jiIwayM  to  iwinilirr  Nonir  oiu  to  tlm 
lii'uJ  ol' tht'ir  lUKf.  I  iii>tnuttMl  tliis  ultl  man  « .iift'iilly 
wliilf  till!  cnoiny  woiv  Uusicd  with  the  <livi«ioii  of  tin 
booty  ot'  tMi'lvc  (Miioes,  a  part  o(  w hich  were  lnh-ti  witk 
JicccsHariiH  for  our  Huron  FatluMs,  'I'Ui!  spoil  Ixsiug 
divided,  iht  \  killed  the  poor  old  man  almoht  at  fh»>  very 
limment  when  I  had  given  him  a  new  hirth.  During 
our  niarch  to  the  enemy's  eoilntry,  wo  h  il  the  additiiiiud 
eon>olati(ui  of  iuing  toj^ether,  and  here,  I  witUr  ,sed 
many  virtues. 

On  the  wiiy,  ho  was  always  nhsoihod  in  (iod.  I  lis 
»ords  and  conversation  were  all  in  jjerfevt  KubmiMgive- 
lU'ss  to  the  orders  of  Divnie  Providence,  and  a  volun- 
tary acceptan<(!  of  the  death  which  (jod  sent  him. 
lie  offered  himself  to  him  as  a  holocaust,  to  he  reduced 
to  ttshcs  ill  the  fir«>H  of  the  Iroquois,  which  that  good 
Father  should  enkindle.  In  all  and  by  nil,  he  Bought 
means  .o  please  him.  One  day,  it  was  soon  aft'  our 
capture,  he  told  me,  while  still  on  the  way:  "  Father ! 
fiod  has  always  given  me  a  great  desire  to  consecrate 
myself  to  his  holy  nervice  by  the  vows  of  religion  in  his 
holy  society  ;  till  now  my  sins  htrve  rendercd  n<e  un- 
worthy of  this  grace  ;  yet  I  boix;  that  our  Lord  will 
accept  the  oilering  I  w  ish  to  make  him  now,  allow  \\n.  to 
take,  in  the  best  manner  I  can,  the  vows  of  the  society  in 
the  presence  of  my  God,  and  before  you."  Having  per- 
mitted him,  he  pronounced  them  with  great  d(  votion. 

Wounded  as  he  was,  he  dressed  the  wounds  of  others, 
not  only  of  the  prisoners,  but  even  of  such  of  the  enemy 


ocTAN    A!<r»    wti, nB«xr.»«. 


80 


)io  to  mo,  I>iO 
tl  (111-    spot,  it 

MO  OIK     |,)  tlu) 

iiiiiii  nti'ct'iilly 
ivinioii  ot'  tlllf 
re  linlcti  with 
!  spoil  hv\u^ 
»t  at  th»'  vuiy 
rth.  Dfd'ii)^ 
lie  iidtliti.iii  il 
I    uitii.  iH'il 

I  (i()(l.  Ilia 
t  HuhiiiiNsivc- 
intl  ft  volun- 
1  MMit  liiiri. 
1)  be  10(1  need 
h  that  good 

11,  liu  HOUgllt 
»on  aft'  our 
y:  "Fafiiei! 

o  foiisccrato 
'ligioii  ill  his 
"led  iii«'  111 
ir  Lord  will 
,  allow  iiu  iti 
the  society  in 

Haviiij^per- 
:  (k  votion. 
ids  nf  otiicrs, 
}f  the  enemy 


iR  ]\!u\  remvcA  ntiy  wound  tit  th»'  comliit.  Iffl  also 
Wf<!  II  nick  IiJMpioix,  and  <lid  it  all  with  ai  mnch  i-li.tiity 
ttH  if  hn  wrrt'  doing  it  to  his  d«<aii'»t  fiiendx. 

Ifin  hnntillty,  nnd  th«t  olKMlietioe  he  paitl  to  hi*  rap- 
tom,  tonfonndod  mo.  'I'lu'  Iio(p»oi(«,  who  had  int  hotli 
In  their  oanoo,  told  ine  t^  take  a  paddli',  ainl  iiM'  it. 
I'ronil  ew.'ii  in  death,  I  wonld  not.  Some  lime  after, 
tlM»y  told  him  to  do  it,  antl  ho  iinnn dintoly  iM-gan  to 
paddio  ;  hut  when  ho  potroivcHl  that  the  Iinliallt  winhcd 
to  compel  ino  t(»  do  no  after  hit  example,  he  hoK^ed  my 
pardon.  At  tinio*,  on  the  way,  1  snggc^tcd  to  him 
ihiiii^hts  of  llight,  an  the  liberty  giv»'n  ns  .lilorded  him 
abundant  opportnnity.  For  my  own  part,  I  could  not 
forsake  a  Frenchman  and  twenty-four  or  five  llnron 
pii-<otnis.  lie  would  never  do  it,  leNigning  himself 
entirely  to  the  will  of  our  f,ord,  who  inspired  him  with 
no  iuieh  thought. 

On  the  Lake,  ((Ihamplain.)  we  met  two  hundred  Iro- 
quois, who  came  to  Hit  helieu,  wh'-n  they  began  to  build 
the  (''"t  ;  they  covered  us  with  stripes,  drenched  us  in 
blood  and  made  us  exjierience  the  raj^e  of  men  possessed 
by  the  devil.  All  these  outrages  and  cruelties  ho  en- 
dured with  great  paticin  e  and  charity  for  those  who 
ill-treated  him. 

Oil  entering  the  tirst  town  where  we  werr  so  cruelly 
treated,  he  showed  extraordinary  patience  and  mildncM. 
Having  fallen  under  the  hail  of  blows,  of  clubs,  and  iron 
rods  ponred  ii  us,  and  unable  to  rise,  he  was  carried, 
as  it  were,  half  dead  on  the  scaffold,  where  wo  were 
uli<'ady  in  the  middle  of  the  town,  but  in  so  pitiable 
state  that  ho  would  have  moved  cruelty  itself  to  com- 
passion ;  he  was  all  livid  with  bruises,  and  in  his  face 


"'     i 


8» 


J! 


■P  rRl((l.l     Of     TIIR 

wo  could  (it4tinf7ttUh  nnchinK  l»'it  '!>«  wImu-  of  lii^  «'V*'», 
)'0t,  ho  wii«  tim  tnori'  tNMiiMriil  in  tint  v\v»  oi'  iiti^i>U  a* 
ho  witii  inoro  dUfi^iirctd  und  liko  him,  of  whom  it  i« 
Mllil :  ••  \Vp  hiivo  BfrH  him  iw  ii  U'|)rr,"  He.     "  'I'hi'ro 

wan  in  him  lu'ithcr  comi'liiirit  iior  hoai'ty." 

Hiuru'ly  hiid  hr,  or  ovrii  vv«',  it'<ovi>n'd  hiciith,  wh<'n 
thry  cnmi>  and  ^iivc  liim  thri'c  hhtwn  tm  i\w  nhotdih-m 
with  u  heavy  chd),  iw  thi-y  l»;id  «h>m'  to  un.  ADrr  riit- 
tiIl^  oir  u  thiimh  fioni  mt>,  n<*  tho  t)i)*x|  ini|ioi'tiuit,  they 
turned  to  him,  and  riit  oti'  hi^  riKht  tiiuml)  at  tho  tirxt 
joint.  Diirinw  this  truid  (i|M'riilio!i,  ho  ctinntantly  rt»« 
IKJutod,  "  JcHUK,  Mary,  Jom'pli."  During  tho  nix  day* 
that  wo  were  oxjmwjI  to  all  fhrmt  who  cIiohc  to  maltriMt 
UN,  he  dtspliiyi'd  extraordiuirv  mildii('N.<<  ;  hi!*  linitHt  wnn 
all  liurnt  liy  tht>  livo  (o.d*t  and  aMhcs,  wliirit  the  hoyn 
threw  on  hit  hody,  wIkmi  h«  wait  tied  down  on  the  ^round 
at  night.  Nuturu  guvo  mu  more  dexterity  than  him  in 
CMcaping  Nome  of  thrNc  paiuN, 

•'  After  our  lile  was  granted  u«,  juxt  after  we  had  l><  rn 
warned  to  prepare  to  he  hurned,  lut  fell  sick  in  ureal  want 
of  everything,  especially  of  food,  for  ho  was  not  nccui- 
toniod  to  tlu'irs.  Here  truly  it  may  he  said,  «'  Non  cd)U« 
tifilis  irgro."  I  eould  not  relii'vo  him,  Ixing  nlso  nick, 
nnd  not  having  one  finger  kouihI,  or  w  hole. 

Ihit  I  must  hasten  to  iiiii  death,  which  wanta  nothing 
to  be  that  of  a  martyr. 

After  wo  had  been  h'ik  wcelts  in  the  country,  an  con- 
fusion arose  in  the  councils  of  the  Iroquois,  Rome  of 
whom  were  for  sending  us  hack,  wc  'ost  all  hope,  which 
in  mc  had  never  heen  sanguine,  of  seeing  Three  Rivers 
that  year.  We  consoled  one  another  then  at  this  dis- 
posal of  Providence,  and  prepared  for  all  he  should 


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to  miiltrinit 

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ry,  ns  con- 
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WEBSTER,  N.Y.  14580 

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Microfiche 

Series. 


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Collection  de 
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OCKAN      AND     W  I  r,  I)  F.  n  N  F.3  3  . 


91 


ordain  in  our  roRiird.      H<,>   did  not   scf  tl.o  <lanK'T  m<^ 
M .-n-  ii>  s..  .Irai Iv  ;   I  *^iiw  it  iKttcr.     ThiH  made  r-i-  often 
toll  l.im  to  liold  himscdf  in  r.-adiiirss.      A((  ordinj,dy,  one 
dr»y,  wli.Mi  in  our  niiMital  pain,  wc'liad  Kone   out   of  the 
town  to  prav  more  lM>comiii-ly  and  nndistiirhcd  l»y  noise, 
two  yonn-  men  cam<>  ift.-r  us  and  told  i.s  to  r.  turn  home. 
1  had  sonic  prfMntiment  of  what   was   to   hapiH'ii ;    and 
t(dd  him  :  "  My  dear  l)rothcr,  let  uh  rt-comm.nd  (•uiHclyes 
t„  „nr  Lord  and  to  our  ^ood  mothrr,  tlic  lM<ss.d  Vir-in  ; 
th.M'  men  have  sonu-  fvil  di'si^Mi,  as  I  think."      We  had 
u  little  hcfoie  offered  onrselves  to  our   Lord  with  much 
devotion,  heseeching  him  to  aceept  o.ir  lives  and   blood, 
and  unho  them  to  his  life  and  hlood  for  the  salvation   of 
these  peor  tribes.      We  were  returning  then  towards  the 
town,  reciting  our  heads  of  which  we  had  alr.'a.lv    said 
four  decades,  and  having  stoppe<l   near  the  gate  of  the 
town  to  see  what  they  woulil  say,  one  of  these  two   Iro- 
(,uois  dr.;w  an  uxc  which  he  had  hid.len  und.r  his  blanket, 
mid  dealt  IJene  a  bh)W  on   the  head  as   he   stood  before 
him  ;  he  fell  stiJf  on  his  face  on  the  ground,  uttering  the 
hoiy  name  of  Jesuis  for  wp  had  often  reminded  each 
other  to  chise  our  voice  and  life  with  that  lioly  name. 
I  turned  at  the  blow,  and  seeing  the  reeking  hatchet,  fell 
on  my  knees  to  receive  the  blow  that  was  to  unite  me  to 
my  loved  companion,  but  as  they  delayed  I  rose,  ran  to 
him,  as  he  lay  expiring  near  me.     They  gave  him  two 
more  blows  on  the  head,  and  extinguished  life,  but  not 
iiefore  1  had  given  him  absolution,  which,  since  our  cap- 
tivity, fluid  given  him  regularly  after  his  confession 

every  other  day. 

It  was  the day  of  September,  the  feast  of  St. 

Michael,  that  this  angel  in  innocence,   and  martyr  of 


92 


P  R  n  I  I.  S     OF     TUB 


ChiUt,  gave  hiH  lift;  for  him,  who  hml  given  him  \m. 
They  coinnuiiided  me  to  irtuni  lo  my  cahlri,  where  I 
awaited  (hiring  the  \v>>i  of  tin-  day  and  the  n«'xt  the  ^amo 
treatment.  It  wa's  the  l)eHef  of  all  tliat  I  would  not  wait 
long  as  he  had  heguii  it,  and  in  fait  for  Nrveral  days  they 
came  to  kill  me,  hut  our  Lord  prevented  it  hy  way«, 
whiih  would  he  too  h)ng  to  e.\i)laiii.  Karly  the  next 
morning,  1  did  not  fail  tOBtart  out  to  in(|uire  where  they 
had  tluown  that  hlcssed  l)ody,  for  1  wished  to  inter  it, 
coiit  what  it  might.  Some  Iroijuois,  vho  had  a  wish  to 
save  me,  said,'"  Thou  hast  no  sense  ;  thou  seest  that  they 
seek  thee  everywhere  lo  kill  thee,  and  thou  goest  out 
Ktill ;  thou  wilt  go  to  seek  a  hody  alrea<Iy  half  coi  rupted, 
whiili  has  bi-en  dragged  far  from  here.  Seest  tl.ou  not, 
those  young  men  going  out,  who  will  kill  thee,  .vhen  thou 
ait  past  the  palisade  .' "  This  did  not  stop  me,  and  our 
Lord  gave  me  courage  enough  to  he  willing  to  die  in 
that  olKce  of  eliarlty.  I  go,  I  seek,  and  hy  the  help  of 
an  Algonc^uiu  taken,  and  now  a  real  Irotpiois,  1  find  it. 
After  he  had  been  killed,  the  children  had  stripped  him 
and,  tying  a  cord  around  his  neck,  dragged  him  to  a  tor- 
rent which  runs  at  the  foot  of  their  town.  The  dogs 
had  already  gnawed  a  part  of  his  thighs.  At  this  spec- 
tacle, I  could  not  withhold  my  tears.  I  took  the  body, 
and,  aided  by  the  Algonquin,  I  sunk  it  in  the  water  and 
covered  it  with  large  stones,  to  hide  it,  intending  to  re- 
turn tlie  next  day  with  a  spade,  when  there  was  no  one 
near,  and  dig  a  grave  and  inter  it.  I  thought  the  body . 
well  hidden,  but  perhaps  some  one  saw  us,  especially  of 
the  youth,  and  took  it  up. 

The  next  day,  as  they  sought  to  kill  me,  my  aunt  sent 
me  to  her  field  to  escape  as  I  think  ;  this  compelled  me 


OCEAN      AND     WII.nKRNF.HS. 


93 


on  him  lii«. 
)iii,  where  I 
u'xt  the  Kwwct 
Diil/l  not  wait 
■nil  (lays  they 
if  by  \\i\\H, 
rly  tho  next 
(•  where  they 
I  to  inter  it, 
lad  a  \vi»ili  to 
eest  that  they 
on  goest  out 
lit'  (01  rupted, 
■est  thou  not, 
!e,  .vhen  thou 
me,  and  our 
\\<^  to  die  in 
y  the  help  of 
ois,  1  lind  it. 
stripped  him 
him  to  a  tor- 
The  dops 
At  this  Rpee- 
ok  the  body, 
;he  water  and 
•nding  to  re- 
e  was  no  one 
ight  the  body . 
,  espeeially  of 

my  aunt  sent 
;ompeIled  me 


to  defi.r  it  till  th.'  following  day.     It  rained  all  ni-ht,  nn 
thit  the  torrent  wan  extreni.dy  Hwelie.l  ;    I   !...rroM.d   .i 
hoe  in  another  cabin,  the  b..ltrr  to  rcn-eal  my  de-ign, 
,„„,  „„  approarhing  the  pla.e,  e^nld  not  find  tl.r  bl.-sr. 
deposit  ;   I  entered  the  water  already  qtiite  eold,  I  go  and 
eome;   1  sound  with  my  f.rt  to  M-e   whether  the  water 
hadnotraiedand  rarried    off    the    body,    but    I    mw 
nothing.      I  low  manv  tears  1  shed,  whi.  h  fell  in  the  tor- 
rent, Mhilc  I  Hang  as  1  could  the  psalms  whi.h  tb.'  <  bur.  h 
chants  for  the  dead!     After  all,  I   found  nothing,  and  a 
woman  known    ,'     me    who    l.assed  by,  M-eing  n.e  in 
trouble,  told  me,  whm  1  asked  her  wb.  ther  sbc  dul  not 
know   what  had  been    done  with  it,  t'nat  it   bad    bcii 
dragged  to  the  river  which  is  ii  <iuart«?r  of  a  league  from 
there,  and  with  which  1  was  not  acciuaint.d.     'lliis  was 
false,  the  voung  men  had  taken  it  up  and  dragged  it  to 
a  neighboring  wood,  where,  during  the  fall  and  winter, 
it  was  the  food  of  the  dog,  the  crow,    and    the    fox. 
Wh6n  I  was  told  in  the  spring  that  he  had  bien  dragged 
there,  I  went  several   times  without  linding  anything  ; 
at  last,  the  fourth  time  I  found  his  head,  and  some  half 
gnawed  bones,  which  I  interred,  imending  to  carry  them 
off,  if  taken  back  to  Three  Rivers  as  was  then  talked  of. 
Repeatedly  did  I  kiss  then^as  the  bones  of  a  martyr  of 

Jesus  Christ. 

I  give  him  this  title,  noi  only  because  he  was  killed 
bv  the  enemies  of  God,  and  his  church,  in  the  exercise 
of  an  ardent  love  for  his  neighbor,  putting  himself  in  evi- 
dent peril  for  the  love  of  God,  but  partirularly  because 
he  Mas  killed  for  prayer,  and  expressly  for  the  Holy 
Cross.  He  was  in  a  cabin  where  he  prayed  daily,  which 
scarcely  pleased  a  superstitious  old  man    there.     One 


•I 


Jt 


04 


PERILS     OF     TUB 


(lay,  RocinR  a  little  child  tlnrc  or  four  ycnrn  (>1<1  in  tlio 
cabin,  from  on  cxccsb  of  devotion  nnd  a  love  of  the  nwi, 
and  in  a  simplicity  which  wv,  who  are  more  pnukMit 
RC<oiding  to  llie  flJ.li  would  not  have  had,  he  took  olf 
liis  tap,  and  putfiiiK  it  on  the  (hihl's  head,  made  the  nign 
of  th(!  cross  on  Iuh  body.  The  old  man  HceiiiK  it  ordered 
a  young  man  in  Iuh  cabin,  who  was  ntarting  <.n  a  war 
party,  to  kill  him,  nnd  he  obeyed  the  order  as  we  havc! 

Been. 

Th'!  mother  of  the  child  herself,  in  a  march  which  I 
had  made  with  her,  told  n>c  that  he  had  been  killed  for 
that  KiKn  of  the  i  oss,  and  the  old  man  who  had  given 
the  order  to  kill  him,  invited  mc  one  day  to  his   cabin, 
to  dimur ;  but,  when  1  made  the  sign   of  the   cross  be- 
fore beginning,  ho  said,  "  There  is  what  wc  hate  ;  that 
is  what  we  killed  thy  comrade  for,  and  will  kill  theo 
too.     Our  neighbors,  the  Europeans,  <lo  not  make  >t." 
Sometimes,   too,   as   I   prayed   on  my  knecb  in  hunting 
time,  they  told  me  that  they  hated  that  way  of  doing, 
and  had  killed  the  othci  Frenchman  for  it,  and  would 
kill  mc  too,  when  I  got  back  to  the  village. 

I  beg  pardon  of  your  Reverence,  for  the  precipitadon 
with  which  1  write  this,  and  my  want  of  respect  in  so 
doing.  Excuse  me,  if  you  please ;  I  feared  to  miss  this 
opportunity  of  discharging  a  debt  I  should  long  since 
have  discharged. 


OCEAN      A  N  1>     W  I  1. 1)  E  a  N  V.  S  »  . 


05 


\H  old  in  tlio 
•e  of  llie  cnixi, 
nioir  iniidcnt 
I,  lie  took  olf 
uuulr  tlic  «\^n 
Au^  it  ordiMctl 
itig  on  11  war 
cr  as  \vi'  liav«! 

naicli  which  I 
Dfcn  killfd  for 
vho  liad  given 

•  to  his   cahin, 

*  tiic  cross  bc- 
wc  hate  ;  tliat 
will  kill  thee 

0  not  make  U." 

eeb  in  hunting 

way  of  doing, 

r  it,  and  would 

he  precipitation 
ni  respect  in  so 
red  to  miss  this 
ould  long  since 


ClUrTER  IV. 

DKATII   OF   rATIIK.B  JOOIT.*. 

Trinidll  .1  mission  wn^  rcsnlvrd  upmi,  it  wn»  thouul.t  Im'M.t  thut 
1„.  .<l,„ul(l   Ko   ^ir^t  M    nmlKiswulor,  lui.l  woh  urcor.li.iKly  s.'i.t  with 
Mr.    Itour.!...),  m.  ollicer  in  thi-  .-mi'l-'y  "f  'l"'  «^"l"»y-*     ^^  V"* 
..mlms.y.  tl.r  missionarv  drew  up  ■.  full  ucnunt,  mIucU  wuh  in  ox.st- 
|.i.rc  till  IHOO,  when  it  was  will,  othrr  puiH'"  i.ol-."K'>')f  <"  ""'  <  '"""'•» 
J.Muits,  m,.vA  l.v  the  Hritisl.  Kovrrnnunt.     It  has  .,..w  .lisMppn'rHl. 
Til.-  K..hti<m,«im'h<l.mhtUHsf..ilow.Mlit,>.avHtlmt  Ihi'V  It'll    Mirre 
Kiv.rs  on  the  Kith  of  Mav,  KiKi.  with  f.mr  MohawkHan.l  two  Al«on- 
nuinn.     AscrndinK  the  Sorel.  th.-y  trav.-rse.l  I.ak«  Chainplain,  an.), on 
tho  2')th  of  May,  rrarhod  the  l.caulifid  Ink,  l.clow  it.     Itn  Iro,,uom 
,mnu-  wan  Andialaradf;  for  I'.urop.'anN  it  wan  without  a  name,  htit, 
n.  it  WOK  t;.o  evo  ot  Corpus  Chri.ti.    tho  f.stival  instituted    .y   tho 
Churrh,  to  honor  Christ's  prexnce  in  the  Holy  Kuch..nst,  the  mm- 
H\.M,.ry  nave  it  the  name,  whieh  it  Imrefor  more  thon  a  century,  Lac 

Saint' Sncrrment,  or  Lake  of  th-  Ules-ed  Sacrament.t 

CnntinuinK  their  march,  they  came  to  OsHarnKue,  a  fishmR  station, 

on   the  Maurice,  or  Cl^per  Hudson,  which  they  descended  to  1-ort 

Orange.     When  the  missionary  had  here  roi.aid  his  deht  of  gratitude, 

.  A«  tho  mW.i..nary  wuk  nl.out  to  «'t..ut,  «n  Alg,.n.,»in  chief  n.lvi.cMl  him 
,0  l«y  «.i.l«  hi.  rollKious  h»bit.  III.  re«...n  «n,  MrikinR;  /' -f'-"'!;""*'* 
porr..ctly  «hat  ha.  boon  callr.l  "  the  hi.leou.  faco  of  Chr.»t.,.n.ty.  •'  Fho,. 
Lnolhing."  Kahi  the  AlKonqaln  ohi.f.,  "ncahi..«  m.ro  rc,m  ,>ve  »t  flr.  , 

h.«.  thi.  doctrine,  that  ,e.n>.  to  exterminate  all  that  nu-n  hohl  .U,.re.t. 
Your  lunK  Rown  prearhe,  .t  a.  .trongly  a.  your  Hp.;  leave  .t,  and  go  in  » 
l,rt  cat.  llourdon,  thua  a^.ociatcd  with  tho  life  of  Father  Jogue..  inter- 
...arricl  In  tho  family  to  which  Henry  do  Courcy,  E.q.,  the  talented  and  a. uW 
able  author  of  tho  "Catholic  CTiurch  in  tho  United  State.,'  owe. hi.  origin, 
t  It  would  need  but  a  .light  change  to  make  Uko  George,  Lake  Jogues, 

and  .urely  iU  great  di.coTerer  de.erve.  it,  better  th»n  »  Hanoverian  king. 


H 


- 


00 


rRHILM     Ol'      IMF. 


to  hi«  Kcnirniiii  iM-npfiirtorn,  the  rniliiiH^y  iirori-rdcd  to  tlm  M.ilmwk. 
The  flr**t  rnstlc  wax  r.-!)chc»l  on  the  7lh  of  Jtmo  t  lt«  nnmp  hntl  lift-n 
chaiiKfil  from  (W.Tii.-iion,  to  ()n..H«..Hri'.»     II.t.-  Joku.-*  wh^  wi.|- 
comed  UK  n  friindi  a  counril   of  Hiicht-nm  wiw  "oon   convfiii-d ;    hn 
doliviri'd  tlie  proncntu  of  tht-  Oovi'mor,  niid,  in  n  diMOiirM-,  (.till  pre- 
norvt'd,  urK«'d  lln'tti  to  tlvoiinhtu  of  |K'ac;<'.     Ho  wi»h  h«M>r<l  with  ntten- 
tioii,  and   n-ipoiuU-d    to  in  a  «imilnr   Ktriiin.     AwirdinK  to  Indinn 
cuKtom,  ho  prcBcntcd  n  Iwlt  of  wninpum  t<i  tho  trilpi-  into  wliirh  ho 
lm<l   l.ci'n  Inrorporiitrd.     'I'hp  Wcdf  ropliiil  thut  OixlcHNonk  ohoiild 
fviT  nnd  nnionn  them  hi>«  m.U  to  rcU  npon,  and  a  fire  to  warm  him. 
Another  |noM'nt  waa  >«t  to  li<>  made.    Joniict  hud  ninurkcd  umoiiK 
the  Rpcctiitorn,  Nonin  Ononihinii  hruvi-n,  and  to  thi'M',  •ii»o,  lu'  nmdu  a 
jm-cpnt,  to  nmonth  tho  way  for  the  Frincli  to  thi«ir  land  of  lukon. 
Thin  wnn  chrcrfidly  arcpptcd,  and  Joj^nc-.,  no  lonurr  n  trmiKtnd  envoy, 
tiirn.'d  to  hin  ..piritunl  avoralionH.     The  captivp  ChrintianN  were  noon 
viniti'd  and  coimolcd,  the  Hacramrntn  of  l)aptinm  or  penance    cotifc  red 
on  many  l  hnt  lie  could  not  delay  an  loun  as  \m  Y.ra\  dcHJicd.     The 
InHpioii  prcwed  hin  deiwrture,  and,  on  the  KUh,  he  left  their  cattle* 
for  tho  (!!t.  Lawrence.     \r  he  expected  to  return  Hjieedily,  he  left  a 
box  contiininR  hi«  little  mNnimmry  furniture  i  the  Mohawktt  Hhowed 
n  disinclination  to  receive  it,  but,  an  ho  opened  it  in  their  prewncc,  ht 
thought  their  Kunpicionn  diNpelled,  nnd  went  bin  way. 

On  his  arrival  in  Canada,  joy,  Kuch  as  had  not  l)cen  known  foryenm, 
quickened  every  heart,  for  all  had  l)een  no  nunpicioun  of  the  Mohawks, 
that  public  i)rayers  bad  been  conntantly  olfered  for  the  miR»ionary 
nnd  his  companion. 

Hi*  immediate  return  to  the  Mohawk  wan  now  expected ;  but  sud- 
denly there  came  mynterioun  rumors,  and  the  Suj)erior8  paused. 
JoKues  must  not»Ko.t  Hut,  as  the  summer  wore  on,  all  became  quiet, 
and,  yielding  to  bis  entreaty,  the  Superior  |)emiitted  him  to  depart 
In  September,  lfl4«,  he  left  Three  Rivers  for  the  last  time,  with 
John  I^lande,  nnd  some  Hurons.  As  they  went  on,  they  heard 
tidings  which  seemed  jwsitive  as  to  the  end  of  the  peace  i  some  Huroi\p 
left  them,  but  Jogues  went  fearlessly  on.    After  the  return  of  the'c, 

•  Tho  sign  hero  uscJ,  anil  froquontly  employed  by  French  mlMtonariet, 
is  tho  Greek  ill|)htlii>ng  ou,  and  was  used  to  express  a  short  Indian  sound, 
Afbich,  at  tbo  beginning  of  a  syllable,  answers  to  our  w,  and,  at  the  end,  to 
the  sonnd  of  ou  In  Plymouth. 

t  Deolaiou  in  the  Supertor**  Journal. 


O  (  Y.W 


ANU     WlM'KHNKHH. 


97 


to  the  Mdlmwk. 
n  nnmc  hnd  lit'fn 

J(>|^ll<'«   wilt  WI'l- 
Itl     CdllVHIIcd  I      lilt 

Hcour"!',  Ktill  pre- 
hi'iird  with  nttiMi- 
(■(irilinK  to  liuliiiti 
ic  into  wliirh  hi* 
)ni|{'HNonk  Mhotilil 
lri>  to  warm  him. 
I  ri'iniirki'dumiiiiK 
f,  'dm),  liii  niiide  a 
ii>ir  Innd  of  luknii. 
ft  trm]K>nd  rnvovi 
'iHtiniiH  wprc  Ronn 
eimnce  cntifc  ri^d 
cul  dcHiicd.  Tlie 
I!  It'ft  thtir  cantleii 
(]ifi'dily,  111?  Irft  a 
MohiiwkR  Hhnwfd 
tht'ir  prewnco,  h*? 

y- 

n  known  for  yenn, 
IN  of  the  Mohawki, 
for  the  minsionnry 

ixpectcd ;  but  sud- 
Suj)eriorg  panned, 
n,  all  became  quiet, 
;ted  him  to  depart, 
he  loHt  time,  with 
ent  on,  they  heard 
race  t  Rome  Hurot\|i 
le  return  of  the'e, 

French  miMionarlei, 
i  abort  Indian  aound, 
r,  and,  at  the  ond,  to 


.      ,.        ,  i.,ft    !,,  th.-  tfrrftte.t 'vnxi.a>  und  unr.Ttainl>  M  to 

t::1■:.l::"|;■:^^■-;,;tr:;::;■;l!:::;:r; 

t:-,::";,:M,i=;;:  .f ; -; ; ■ 

•''••■  ^''ti^;;;:::';;::::.;:;:^!" ;;,,.»..; ,.»..>.'.'.. 

t«o  da>.'  nianl.  of  tb.'  .-tic.  that  -.'*''>,;;;,,,,,  „,.,  ,..,.„.,, 
„„d  th..  Mohawk,  b..  wa.  n,..t  by  a  «-       '^^^   ,J     „,;,,,.  „.,,.  i„ 

hoin.«,.rd.  and  h.tbiT  i"^^u<  K  ^,,,^  ,,^,^„j, 

"'•  ''"•'"'   ""   •'"•  ""'"T        ^      ,         and  sour  bind,  sb.ll  U~  lixLil 

••> '-'V'^'Tl:;;       S::ibomwe.k..."     mvain 

on  our  pal.ad..H.  b  w        r^  i„j,.„ie.,  .,f  tn-ntinK  bim  a«  an 

di.I  hi.  indfavor  to  »how  tli.m  u        j  ^^^^^  ^^.^.^ 

.X,.u.  do  a,UheK.„eU  Ue.au..,.  rr...t...ti.„.n^^^^^^ 
aeat..-.  it  i.  t..e  "■"-  "^'l'^::;;,!::;;:! Z  M.,..a«U.  n.aWo,  ....  p.«cc  of 

Uoupll-  de»ll'.  l''"'  "V';'  "u  ll.e  pr-^-nl  C.,.K».n«waK»  ■""X.  '''"re- 
run, o,  (i«i..l»K""'n.  "'f  »;■  •'"«""■  ,„|,,i  ,„„„•.  .Uatl..  «»  -e  h'^^e  notlnng 
fore,  b|.  co..i...,c...  ..h.  p  ..ec  .         «    ■  ■- -    >  j^,,,^^^,_  ,,„„„,,  ,,. 

t„  .!«.,«  tl,ut  the  villag^'nnu^tln'-y""^;        ^^,  ,.  U.e  c.lre  of 

fl„t  vma«e  did.     ^'--^I'''-'*''"^'  ;";„.:;;:«  Iro<,uoL.  and  i.  ha....cd. 

CatwlUaK-U.    It  i.  our  ho.y  ground. 


^ 


'4 


98 


VrHII.B     or     THK. 


tli«  Tortoiw.iind  hU  own  clnn,  iho  W.iir,  di*cliir««l  thai  hi»  nhmil.l  liv*. 
A  fouiiri!  WHS  raUrcl  in  tiir  Irtf^rKt  town  j  it  wiw  \hvrt  (li-.ltlfd  lh»t 
hi-  itmiild  lir  «|miiil,  Iml  it  wni  I<h)  UU: 

'rowiirdu  I'Nt'iiinn,  on  tin'  diiy  uflfr  lii»  nrriviil,  onmr  Indlnn«  of  (lia 
Uwir  family,  cutiie  to  invito  him  to  miiiinr  i  In-  iinme  to  follow,  liut 
icnrm  had  lio  Ktooprd  to  t  ntor  llu-  NhIk'-,  wli«'n  rin  Imlian  coii.culfd 
within  «|iri>nK  forward,  iiiid  ilialt  liltn  a  irrriliK-  Mow  with  hi* hatchet. 
Kioli-ni'ton,  tin-  drpuiy,  who  had  conciiidid  thn  \hwv,  ihrtw  u|i  hi* 
arm  to  ii\it»  thu  hlow,  !iul  it  cut  Ihroiinh  hin  arm,  and  xank  ilri'p  in 
the  hrad  of  the  mi>«i<i«mary.  lli«  himd  wan  then  cut  off,  und  »il  on  ^ 
tho  iMiliwulc.     Hit  companion  itlittri>d  hin  fute. 

'Ihu  Irtlcru  from  thi-  Dut  h  nulhorili»"«  at  New  AmMrnhim,  which 
reached  (inchcc  on  tho  Uh  of  Juih-,  Id  H,  are  oh  follow*  : 

"To  M.  Dp.  MoNTMAdNY,  OoL-ernor  of  Sfw  France. 

"MoNHlKt'U,    iMoNHIKtU, 

I  w loto  ii  reply  to  that   wlii< li    you  were   plfiiMcd   to 
honor   lilt'  witli  hy  FatluT  de  Jokucn,  dalfd   May  15, 
nnd  I  neut  it  to  I'ort  OiaiiKO,  to  delivrr  it  to  Naid  l'"ath<'r 
do  Jollies  ;  hot  h<',  not  haviiij?  rctiinicd  as  oxpcctrd,  it 
was  not    iiiuiH'diatidy  sent.     This  will    mmvo    then    to 
thank  your  excellency  for  your   reniemhrancc   of  mc, 
which  I  hIuiU  endeavor  to  returti,  if  it  please  (Jod   to 
give  mc  an  opporfunity.      1  send  this  through  the  North- 
ern Se<ti()ii,  t»y  the  Kn},'lish,  or   Moiisicar  d'Auiiay,  in 
order  to  advise  you  of  the  massacre  of  F.  Isaac  de  .'oi,nie» 
nn<l  his  companions,  perpetrated  hy  the  harharoiis  and  in- 
liiiinan  Matpiaas  or  Iroquois  ;  aH  also  of  their  design  to 
Hurprise  you,  under  color  of  a  visit,  as  you  will  see  hy 
the  enclosed,  which,  though  hadly  written  and  spelt,  \\\\\, 
to  our  great  regret,  give  you  all  the  particulars.     I  am 
sorry  that  the  subject  of  this  ia  not  more  agreeable  ;  but 
the  importance  of  the  affair  has  not  permitted  me  to  be 


lilt  hi*  nhmilil  IWi*. 
here  ilrflili'il  lluti 

mr  Intliiinx  of  Iha 
rimo  to  follow,  hut 
I  liiiliiin  ronci'tik'U 
IV  vkiih  hilt  liiit<'hi'ta 
I'lUf,  ihrrw  u|i  hi» 
,  iiiiil  •ii«nk  drop  in 
ut  c)tr,  unil  *i'l  on 

Amttrnhim,  whith 

)lloW«  ! 

f  Sew  Fnince, 


'cro  pli'iiNcd  to 
iliilfd  May  l^», 
t  to  Hiiid  FiitluT 

nH  cxjH'ctrd,  it 

M'lvc  then  to 
d)iiin(('    of   mc, 

pli-asc  (iod  to 
Mi^h  tlic  North- 
ill-  d'Auiiay,  in 

Isaac  de  .'oi,aici» 
aibaroiiH  and  in- 

tluiir  dcsii^n  to 
yoii  will  SCO  by 
uandsiK'lt,  \vill, 
irticulars.  1  am 
!  agreeable  ;  but 
mitted  me  to  be 


oc;itA!«    ANP    \v!t  riFRNrni.  m 

fcilnit.  Our  Mini»t.T  .iIh)vi'  nuoddly  inquiitd  of  the 
,hi-t*  oIllilH  ninaill.',  tl>«'ir  r.a.oi.»  for  th.-  ^^..•t.  I...1  «<t, 
but  !>.•  . .H.ld  M:.t  im  uu.vvr  from  tlu  ni  but  tbi^  ibul  ibo 
miid  I'alb.r  bad  b  It,  aiiiou«  M.itir  arli.l«'«  that  h«  hud 
|..1>  in  tb.ir  k.e|.inj^.  «  d.vil  who  had  .au^d  all  ibrir 
,orri  or  mai/,o  to  Ik.  citm  u|.  b>  w.nni-./  Ibi.  in  all  I 
cun  ut  iiri'M-iit  write  to  y..a.  I'ra>  iuK  ( iod  f,  vou.  b.ule  to 
guard  you  and  yourn  from  thin  trcu.  heroui.  nation,  uml 

iwKurinK  you  that  1  am 

Your  moHt  hiuubh)  and  <il)r<li«nt  wrvunt. 

Wll.l.lAM     KlF.VT, 

rmt  Awitunlum,  In  N«'W  N'».th»rliinil,  > 

N..»«iiilMr  li,   I'l'-      J  • 

Km  loMurr. 
rraiMcd  Im!  (iod  ut  Fort  OranKol 

MoSaiKtU,    MoSSIKt  II    \'\    MoNTAflNK. 

1  have  not  wi«litd  to  lose  thin  octuMon  of  letting  you 
know  uiv  state  of  health.  I  am  in  K.;od  b.altb,  thank 
(iod,  and  pray  (Jod  that  it  n.ay  be  m  with  y«.u  and  your 

'  "I'hlve  n<.t  muih  more,  but  liow  the  French  arriv.d 
the  Hcventeenth  of  this  month,  at  the  Ma.iuaan  Fort, 
•rhis  is  to  let  vou  know  bow  thoM-  uii^'rateful  barbarians 
did  not  wait  till  they  were  fairly  arrived  at  their  cabins, 

.  Tl.«  .llu-lon  h..r.  t.  ...  D-"l"lo  .r-hn  M.  «.po1.n,l.,  to  w...„n  ,1..  In-lUn. 

b,.„„|,t   , ,.f  th«    linnU-  lUMl  .l...l..-^  "t  ll'«  ""•"'«"■''  "■"-'";""'•      f'  » 

'l„„t.   In  IM.  IMThHl.     T..  hi.   kUa  .nlioltuai,  una  .uWiiucnl  W,.ll«Ut7, 

„o  opportunity  .f  .xpro-»in«  t..,.ir  ,r.mu,l«    to  ..  en^n«nt  .  bencfaUar, 
»„a  hi.  n.m.  1.  do^erredly  hoOM^d  by  the  Catholic  of  N.w  U.k. 


loo 


f  Ml  1.1   or  Til  It 


^\mv  th.7  wi'rc  ulriinril  uH  u.iki'.l,  Hiiltotil  •hirl,  only 
till')  Kt'vi'  «'a»  li  II  |Hi(r  ul'  ilrrtwrm  li>  «t»vi'r  ilitriM y. 

ihit  vory  day  of  lln'ir  iniiiiiiK  (l»y  in  (Jt.m  !•»  thi.'.iti'it 
lli«m,  au.l  iiniiu.lii.nly.  with  lt-.f«  'UmI  '  I"I»n  ••">'"«  )'"» 

^.ll.ltt  (lir  lo  lll'illMV*,  ilo  not  !»<•    n-tniiMn'tl,  >»••    x||,i||    Hot 

hiiih  you,  liiki-  nmnw,  ««•  kImII  Miik«'>»ii  »iil»  im  "^''t 
Hit«t  put  your  hia.U  on  llu'  imIi-.hIi-,  lliut   >«»ur  ImoiIuu* 
muy  wu'you  yi-f,  wli.-n  »«•  t..k.- tli.Mo.     V'»u  mu-f  know 
thai    il   wat  only    tl..-    H.ar    nation    llial    killr.l    iIm  oi. 
hnowiuK  «lmt  llif  Wolliiml  'loitoii.c  trilK-n  liiivi-  iloutt 
all  tlmt  llu-y  roolil  to  »ittv«  their  livtm,  ami  »ai»l  itKain^t 
(III)  !Wr,  kill  u»  lir.t,  hut  alas  they  "rt-  no  lonKcr  ali\i'. 
Kn..w  tli.'n   lli.it  till-  ••iKhn-.-nlh,  in  tli«'  eM-niiix,  th.-y 
ranu-  to  .all  Uur  to  Nupiwr.     ih'K'ot  upanil  w.iit  away 
with  fhf  wivaKi-  to  the  lleurV  lo«lKr,  an  rntci  inK  fhr  IoiIk" 
th.'ir  \uis  a  tiailor  with  hi>«  hutchet  Ixhind  tho  door. 
On  cnti'iiiiK,  he  "plit  o|m'ii  his  head,  and  at  the  mime  tiino 
cut  oir  hi-*  head  and  put  it  un   the   palisade.     The   nest 
inoinin^  eaily  he  di.l  the  name  with  the  other  an«l  threw 
their  hodicN  into  the  river.     MouMcnr,  I  have  not  heen 
ulile  to  know  or  hear  from  any  navaK*'  why  they  killed  them. 
Mfside^  this  their  envy  and  enterprise,  they  are  KuiiiK 
■with  three  or  lonr  hundred  nini  to  try  and  surprise  the 
I'reneh  to  do  the  same  as  they  did  to  the  others,  hut  (iod 
giunt  they  don't  aeeomplish  their  >h'sinn. 

It  w  ouid  Im!  desiralile  that  Monsieur  shoidd  he  wurtied, 
hut  there  is  lui  way  to  (h)  it  from  here.  Monsieur,  I 
have  no  more  to  write,  hut  I  remain  your  very  huinhlo 
and  allcclionutc  Bcrvunt  and  friend, 

Jan  Laiutik.* 

•  UbaUo  WM  Ihu  Krenoh  InlarprultT  at  Altmny,  mul  IikI,  wlUi  V»ii  CuriM, 
TlilUd  tbe  M<.li»wlc  c»itl«»,  tu  roioue  the  inlMlyimry,  lu  lti42. 


X. 


tout  Khirl,  only 
ili'i'i'jny. 

(.01   li»    lIlM'iltCI) 
llti,  Nl^ill^    )UU 

I,  \\v   xli.ill   iint 

00  Hlth  III!  tlM*| 

your  Itiollii'ia 
Vdii  iiiuxt  know 

1  kitli'il    ihrni. 

ilH-N     ll.l\C     tlllhit 

nil  Maid  itgitiiiNt 
lift  loii^ur  ■kli\i*. 
•  rvniiii^,  tlo'y 
luiitl  wvut  iiwiiy 
tt'iiiiH  th<<  IoiIko 
I'liiiiil  tliu  door. 
at  tlic  MUw  tiiiio 
atlr.      'I'lii'   iH'st 
ollin  iokI  tluT««r 
I  ltiiv<*  not  lioi'tl 
tlwy  killnl  tliciM. 
•,  tlifv  III*'  Koiiif< 
aixl  MirpiiM-  llio 
KOthciM,  l)iit(iod 
II. 

Iioiild  lie  wui'IkmI, 
V.  Moiisit'iir,  I 
uur  wry  huinhlu 

AN    LaH,\TIK.* 

a  l:a<l,  with  Vtn  Curltr, 
,  iu  1(143. 


001  AW    ATfP    wtl  tir  UN  r,NII»  ill 

MonBlnir,  f  Wk  you  fKivr)  my  ImUrmuin*  ^rf«p»rti) 
In  till*  (iovcrnor, 

WiitH  I.  at  Fort  Oriui«r,  0.t,  .10,  UM«. 

Murh  wiw  th«'  ((loriouN  r|o««  of  iho  MU»ioiiary'»  «#•!• 
ouK  vntvtr. 

Till'  day  ii(>«r  lln'  rt'<|)»ion   of  llii-   Irffrr*,  »»  »olt  niri 
Mai-*  ol  tilt'  Drad  whh  oll-nd  up  at   (iorlar  ;  i.nt  ••  wr 
roidd  not,"  wiy«»  UiiKUfiii'iiu,  ••  lirlnx  oiir^rlnx  to  offer 
for  liiiti  till   pruvfrK  of  llu»  iliad.     Wr  ofr«'iid  llir  iiilnr- 
idilt'  •.a-riHff,  Imt  in  llianL-Kiviinx  for  llir    fivom   wliidi 
hf  liad  rf'iivfd  fr'Hii  (Jod.     Liily  and  ti'lr^ionn  xlianoiir 
m-nliiiHiit*  oil  fliin  happy   diatli,  and    inon-  wrrc  found 
iti'linrd  to  invoke  liii  aid  than  to  pray   for  hit  ri'po»o." 
Tho  ('atliolic  « liiiRy  of  our  Statr  may  widl  hv  prou'l  of 
nn  illiistiioiiH  a  foniidrr,  for  he  was  the   fir^t   prie>t    who 
filtered  or  i.ihored  in  the  «ity  and  State  of  New   York. 
Ili-t  xiilferinKH  and  toiln  now  find  n  pluii'  in  rvery  hi»- 
t«»ry  of  our  country  s  hut  wp  muxt  not  lonxider  him  nn  » 
more  explorer  of  the  wihlernesH,  home  np  |>«rhiip«t  hy 
r«'liKiou»  eiit)iui«ia«m.      Ife  wai  a  man  of  deep  and  lender 
pietv,   of  fvtraoidin.iy    eandor    and    opennesn  of  »oiil, 
timid  liy  nature,  yet  of  tried  roiiniKe  nnd  heroi?;  firmiicsi ; 
a  mail  v,iio  wiw  all  in  (lod,  and  in  all  reNi^ned  himself 
to  the  directiiiL,'   hand   of   I'lovifleiue.     To  make    fJod 
known  at  the  «'xpense  of  pergonal  suflerinj?  was  \m  only 
thon^lit.      In  a  word,  he  was  ono  of  tho^e  huporior  men 
who  rine  from  time  to   tiino   in  the  Chunh   so  diitin- 
giiislidl  from  all  around  hy  an  imprcsH  of  sanctity,  hy  a 
pre-li}fe  of  alK'hristian  virtue,  as  to  make  us  look  without 
a^ttonislmient  on  even  mirurulous  jiowors  iu  their  hands. 
ThcKo  are  not  wanting  in  the  case  of  Father  Jogucs. 


i 


i 


|]Q|  IT,  HIT.  a     OK      111  I'. 

Two  mlrm-lcR  wrought,  h.m.h  ultcr  Mh  <lfntl»,  Rc<nm  Ruf- 
fici.'Dtly  alli'slcd  to  warnmt.  onr  lidirf,  and  wc;  acconl- 
iiif,'ly  insert  a  liiui' a<<  "Uiit  of  tiicni. 

WIh'u  111.-    holy  niissionaiy   T'll,    Kiotsictou  t.irncl^ 
away  iVoiu  tho  Mol.awl;  as  one  disKrar<-<l.    In  thi;  nani(!  <,f 
the  triho  he  had  plodgc.!  all  to  i.ca.'.-,  and  now  that  pea..' 
WHS  hroIuMi.      \U'   iand)l((l   tt.  t'no  wildni.css,  and  aitrr 
many  months  appcaml  in  (ho  l'"ifiich  sftllcnunls.      llo 
told   ol"  all    that,   l.ad  oc.  unod,  and  antiounccd  his  wish 
to  dwell  with  the  Froncli.     SuspuctinK  somo  treachery, 
the    (Commandant   of  the   French    post   ni'nt   him   in   a 
vessel  to  Uueho'c,  and  lor    fear  of  his  cscap.;  put  him  in 
irons.     'I'ho   nohle   cliicf,   heliuhlinf,'   himself  thus   ill- 
treated  hy  those  he  songht  as  friends,  turned  in  i)rayer 
to  the  holy  missioiuiry,  whose  virtues  he  lionorcd,  and 
whose  douth  he  had  witnesse<l.     lather  Jogues  was  iiot 
invoked   in   vain  ;  he   hurst  the  honds  of  the  ehieflain, 
and  the  French  guards  were  ama/ed,  in  the  morning,  to 
tind  him   unshackled.     When  they  learned  how  «uper- 
iiaturally   this   had   been   accomidished,   they  banished 
their  suspicions,   and   thanked  the   Almighty,   for   the 
power   which   he   luid   bestowed  upon  his  serva.it.     At 
Quebec,  the  Mohawk  chief  w  is  honorably  reeeivcd,  and, 
proceeding    to    France,    ho    was    fully   instructed    and 
baptized. 

In  France,  Father  Jogues  v.-as  regarded  as  a  martyr; 
and,  even  in  his  life-time,  things  which  he  had  used 
were  preserved  as  relics.  At  the  TJrsuline  Convent  at 
Angers,  Father  Jogues  had  one  day  left  a  pair  of  gloves, 
and  when,  some  time  after  his  glorious  and  happy  death, 
Sister  Marie  Prevo&terie  was  seized  with  a  dangerous 
fever,  accompanied  by  a  swelling  in  the  lorter  extremi- 


I 


OCKAN      AND      WlfDKKNKHH. 


103 


iitli,  sonni  Ruf- 
nd  \v(!  accord- 

fsiicfon  tnrn«Ml 
In  tln!  nattn!  of 
now  Unit,  i)ciic(! 
incss,  and  afttT 
lllciiuiils.      Ill; 
lunccfl  lii^  wish 
omo  tii'aL'licry, 
H^'ul   liini   in    a 
'a|)(;  pill,  liiiti  in 
nisclf  thus   111- 
uiikkI  in  juaytT 
i  lionorc'd,   and 
Jogucs  waH  not 
A  the  cliicflain, 
tho  r.iorning,  to 
ncd  how  sujMM- 
tlioy   biiniKhcd 
nighty,   lor   the; 
lis  servant.     At 
ly  received,  and, 
instructed    and 

led  as  a  martyr  ; 
oh  he  had  used 
dine  Convent  at 
a  pair  of  gloves, 
md  happy  death, 
vith  a  dangerous 
B  lorter  extremi- 


tlrs   MoHirr  Marpirft  I'...issln,  tho  Sup.Ti'.r,  urg"d  h'r 
,„,',,,,.  ,,„.„Mrs.M..  II,.-  holy  martyr.      'iV  no,,   .iid    '■  ; 
Ki...    th.    nli.:    to    the    HW..llen    limh ;   dur.n  ^i..- 
,.ight.  the  pain  innrasnl,    hut  sudd.nly,  at  thr.-o  o  <  io- k 
.„.    „...    rnorninK.   the    pain    an-l    swelling'  van,..':-!,  and 
Si^t.T    .Marv.riMMK    from    h.d,    like  one  in  h-ahh,  pro- 
,,„,,1,,1    ,o    the   .hoir,    to    return    thanks   to  (-..1.      V. 
Kvn,ptorn  of  disease   appeared,  till  the  name  d..y,  on  tl.r. 
f.llowin^    year;   hut,    on  her    entering    the    ehap.l    to 
,,,„,„    ,l,;„.ks    to   (;od,   the    pain    disappeared    entue  V. 
Of  this    enre,    an    aecouta    drawn    up    on  the  spot,  by 
|1  Mother    J'oMssin.   Sister    Mary  herself,  and  eight  other 

,H.ns,  is  still  preM..rved;  and  lather  du  CJreu.x,  Mho 
had  visited  the  eonvent  with  Father  Jogues,  inserts  an 
aeeoui.t  in  his  Latin  history  of  Canada. 

The  missionaries  of  New  Franee  over  regarded  as  a 
l-,vor  obtained  hv  their  martyred  asso.:iate,  the  MU:r  ess 
whic^h  the  gospel  met  with  at  Caughnawaga,  the  vil- 
lage where  he  received  his  crown.  Here  a  Mohawk 
,hnrch  was  first  formed,  renowned  for  the  p.ety  and  fer- 
.  vor  of  those  who  -  on.posed  it,  and  here  the  ChnsUan, 

first  acquired  any  wei.ht  by  rrumbers.  I  hrs  vrllau'e 
was,  too,  the  birth-place  of  Cathari.rc  Tengahk  w,ta,  who.e 
holiness  was  attested  by  so  many  miracles,  and  who,c 
VI  iicration  is  still  so  great  in  Canada. 


2. 


tot 


PK  Ullrt     (»K     T  II  K 


CHAI'TKR   V. 


(Ari'ivrrv  or  vAriiiu  Kii,\N(iH.i«isi:ni  imiiMNAM, 


^ 


I'^Ainru  I'Vimris  Jocsiili  Itrcsniiiii,  wliosr  i\urrnli\c  we  iirc  next  lo 
>{ivc,  was  Ixivii  111  Home,  iiiiil,  ill  llir  niily  "Wi'  "f  tillfi'ii.  ciitcicd  tin- 
Six'ifty  of  Jfstis.  AliiT  llic  iihiihI  ))('iiiMl  «(  initliMliim  mid  sliiily, 
lie  wiifi  ciifjiini'il  in  Iciichiiii;;,  iinil  Mi(ri'ssi\rly  lillnl  the  clmirH  iif  I,il- 
fiMlmr,  riiiliisopliy,  anil  Mullic.nalirs;  liut,  liaviiif,' niuvrrM'd  willi 
iinn\c  inriulins  of  llic  l^'rcncli  iimvincc,  then  a1  IJiiMic,  lie  liccanii' 
intliumd  Willi  /nil  lor  \hv  rort'i«M  missions,  iind  was,  at  lasi,  jrralilicd 
by  'i('in>{  scliTtfd  for  tlml of  Cnniula.  lli' !ninndiat('ly  hH  out  for 
Franri',  in  order  to  take  shipping  for  his  di'stinalion ;  iinil,  llioii^'li 
warned  on  iiis  way,  tiy  a  iiioiw  nun,  of  Itu'  KiiliV'rinKs  tlial  iiwail"il 
liini,  In-  resoluli'ly  advann-d,  and  cnilmrkinf;,  reaclitil  (liiclicp  in  llic 
wimnu-r  of  Kil'J.  He  was  rniploycd  at  first  in  llic  cily,  and  th« 
following  year,  as  missionary  to  tlie  AlgoiKinins  at  Three  llivers;  Itiit, 
in  the  sjirinn  of  Kill,  was  apiioinled  to  proreed  lo  the  Huron 
country,  then  so  destitute  of  missionaries,  and  with  missionaries  so 
destitute  of  every  neressary  of  life.  We  have  seen  how  Father 
Jo;»ues  rouiMfjeo'.isly  exposed  liiins-lf  lo  ])roeiire  his  eoinpanioii's 
relief,  and  how  fearfully  he  snllered  in  ihe  hands  of  llie  terrible 
Mohawks.  Two  years  more  had  elapsed,  and  the  Superior  nt  (iue- 
hec  resolved  to  make  another  effort  to  relieve  the  Huron  l''alhers, — 
to  jjive  them  elolhes  to  rejilace  their  raj^s,  and  Hour  and  wine  lo 
enable  them  to  say  Mass.  Father  Uressani  was  not  unaware  of  the 
(landers,  hul  set  out  with  a  brave  heart,  on  the  'J"th  of  April,  Kilt. 

lie  was  not,  liowever,  fully  aware  of  Ihe  position  of  atliiirs;  the 
whole  colony  was  surrounded  by  war  parties  of  the  enemy,  who  lie- 
set  every  road,  and  watohed  from  every  hif;hland,  like  ea};leN  lo 
pounce  on  their  jirey.  Meanwhile,  the  missionary  ad\.iiiceil  in  his 
canoe  from  Queln'O,  with  one  French  ccmijianion,  and  six  Huron 
neophytes,  of  whom  we  know  the  names  of  three :  Henry  Stontrals, 


) 


•  KMMANI. 

vc  wc  nri'  next  In 
Icrii,  riilcrcd  tin- 
iliiitiiiii  jiiiil  ^tlllly, 
the  clmirs  ol'  l.il- 
i>»  (•(iiivrr'<('il  «illi 
Kiiiiit',  he  liccaini! 
,  at  Inst,  K>''i'ili<'*l 
(lialcly  set  out  Inr 
lion ;  and,  tliini^'h 
in;,'s  that  iiwiiilvil 
it'd  (iiii'litr  ill  tlio 

the  city,  1111(1  llu! 
lircf  Rivers;  Itiit, 
I'd  10  tlic  Huron 
li  inissidiiarirs  so 
ii'fii   how    lather 

his  eoin]muinii'i 
Is   of  tile   terrible 

Superior  nt  (iue- 
Iluroii  I'lilliers, — 

Hour  and  wine  to 
ot  iiiiawarp  of"  the 
»of  April,  Kill, 
ion  of  atliiirs;  the 
le  enemy,  who  lie- 
and,  like  eaf^les  to 
ry  iuh.iiieed  in  his 
1,  and  six  Huron 

Henry  StontratH, 


OCCAM      AND      Wft.DKIlNI'.HH.  1"> 

Miehael  A.io.p.endoron.  .md  Ileniard  ()r,.ri..knn.  On  th-  ihircl 
,,,„.  „,i.n  near  the  little  Kivier.  uux  (ilruMes  ma  fur  from  I  ot 
llieh,.|ieu.  the  modern  Sorel.  they  were  uttaeked  and  n„.d.> 
|iriH(merH. 

Kiilli.-r  llrrsHiuii  thus  (l.-srril.cs  l.i'*  <"ipf"rr,  iitwl  huIis(!- 

<|ii.Mit  Hii(rcriii>,"*: — 

Md.sl  irvficiul  Kitlhcr  in  .If-^'iH  Cl.rist. 

I'AX  CmtiHTl— Iknow  imt  wli.th.r  ymir  Patctnity 
will  nMOf,M.i/r  t\w  haii.l-wrifii.K  nf  a  poor  .ripi.l.-  o,,.,, 
,,„;.,.  u.H  ill  I.0.1V.  aiKl  wil  kiKiwi.  to  yon.  Il.s  J.tt.r 
i„  iM.liy  wiittM'  .'>.'!  soil..!n.o,i-,'li,l..cauM..inon,-ot)..T 
.nismrs  iIk-  writer  lias  but  oiU'  wlu.l.-  fii.^'cr  on  l.i- n-!.t 
1,;„„1,  .11.1  <a.,  Matrrly  provcit  ti.o  paper's  lH.inKstai».-.l 
l,y  til.!  l.loo<l  wliirh  flowH  fiom  liis  vct,  .iM.i,atn/.d 
woiiiids.  I  lis  ink  is  diluted  K'niqiowdrr,  an.l  Ids  tal.le 
tl».  l.aiT  grunnd.  1 1<;  writes  to  you  from  the  land  of  th..- 
Iro.liiois,  when!  he  is  now  a  prisoner,  and  would  hri.;fiy 
rclaK!  the  conduct  of  Divine   Trovidence  in  his  regard 

those  later  davH. 

I  set  aut  fi"oin  T        '  Hivers  hy  order  of  my  superiors, 
•the  iiTthof  April  last,  rlHU,;  in  company  with  six  Chris- 
tian  Indians,  and   a  young   Frenchman,  who  in  thie.; 
ciinoes  wc-re  going  up  to  the  Huron  country. 

On  the  evening  of  the  first  day,  the  Huron  who  steered 
our  canoe  upset  us  in  Lake  St.  Tierre,  hy  Hring  at  an 
eagle.  I  did  not  know  how  to  swim,  hut  two  liurons 
<-aught  me  and  drew  me  to  the  shore  where  we  spent  the 
night  with  our  Clothes  all  wet.  The  Hurons  took  this 
accident  for  an  ill-omen,  and  .•.dvised  me  to  return  to 
Three  Rivers,  which  was  only  eight  or  ten  miles  off;  "  cer- 
tainlv,  they  cried,  this  voyage  wiU  not  prove  fortunate." 
As    I  feared  that  there  might  be    some    superstitious 


ion 


rr.  IMI.H      «»!'     TIM'. 


thou.,'!"!  ill  llii*«  iVMolnti.Mi.  1  pirlVrM'.!  I.,  pii'-li  '>n  f.> 
in.ollin  rirn.h  toil/  llnitv  mil.s  l.i;;l.n-  iip,  ul.nr 
Mr  inii;lil  irmiil  a  lilll''.  I'll,  y  ..l.ryr.l  iii.-.  iiiul  \m' 
Marlnl  iinit.-  vm\\  IIh'  im-nI  iimiirm^'.  I. ill  llir  M'hw  iiml 
tli.Ju.l  wcillingHMlly  r.liinl«'tltMirs|)(iil,aii.lr..in|i.'ll(il 
lis  III  nIi)|i  ill  iniil-tlay. 

Oiillii-  lliiifl  <l;iy.  ^vl'i'i  twnily-fw«»  "f  Iw.iily-I'mii' 
miles  iVom  Tliir.'  Wiv.Ts.  iiiid  seven  or  ci^lil  iVnin  roil 
Ki.lielieii,  M.'l.  II  int'i  mi  hiiiIhim  ihU'  oi'  tweiily-Mveii 
Iro.HK.is,  uho  killed  (Hie  ..r  our  lii.li.ms,  nii.l  I0..K  llie 
rest  1111(1  my  sell'  inisoucis. 

We  mt};iil  li:ive  lletl  or  even  Killed  some  Iroi|ni.is,  l.iil, 
mIicu  1  saw  my  comiiaiiimis  taken,    I    iIiohkIi'    ''    l»'tl(i 
not  to   forsake  tliem  ;    i  looked    ui»oii    llu-   disiH.silioii    of 
our  Indians  as  a  mark  of  tlu-  will  "f  <i'»l  ;  <1i«»<)M>'K.  «« 
they  did,  to  snnendt.'r  lathor  than  seek  safely   liy  llielil. 
After  hindini,'    us,   they    uttered   horrid   cries,   "  sieiit 
rxultant  vi.tores  eapta  pnvda,"  "as  eoiKiueiors   rejoieo 
after  taking  a  prey,"  (Isaias  ix.  ;{,)  and  made   a  tlianks- 
pivinj,'  to  the  Suii  for  haviiii,'  delivered  into  their  haiul:^, 
a  HIaekgovvn,  as  they  call  the  .lestiits.      They   entered  • 
our  canoes  and   seized  all   their  contents,  eonsistiii;,'    of 
provisions     for    the    missionaries    residinj<    anions    tho 
llurons,  who  were  in  extremo  want,  inasmuch  as   they 
had   for   several  years  received    no    aid    from    Imiiojr!. 
Tlu7  next  commanded  us  to  siii^',  then  led  us  to  alittlo 
river  liard  by,  where  they  divided  tho  liooty,  and  scalped 
the  Huron  whom  they  had  killed,     'i'ln!  scalp  was  t(j  he 
carried  in  triumph  on  the  top  of  a  jiole.     Tlicy  cut  off 
the  feet,  hands,  and  most  ileshy  parts  of  the  body  to  eat, 
as  well  as  the  heart. 

•  Fort  Rioholieu. 


I 


f 


pil'^ll     oil     to 

r    ii|i,   «Ihii' 
nil',  ami    «<• 

II'      SlIIIW      llljll 

1(1  ((iiniKHi'il 

fwriily-roiir 
il  iVoiii  I'tlll 
Iwciily— rvrii 
ml    took    till! 

'r()i|U(iis,  liiit, 
^llt    it    licltcr 

li^|ll>slli(l||    ol 

('ll()()!sill^,  as 
L>ty  l»y  ilit'lit. 
cries,  "  siciil 
icrois  r('j()ic(* 
itli'   il  tliauks- 
;)  tln'ir  liiiiulM, 
They   ••iitcird  * 
(■<>n>.i.^tiii}^   ol" 
r    aiiionj^    tlio 
mull  as  tl.cy 
Vom    l"iiii()]ic. 
il  us  to  a  little 
y,  and  scalped 
;calp  was  to  be 
They  cut  off 
le  body  to  eat, 


O  f:  K  A  V      AND      W  I  I.  II  I',  II  N  K  H  H  . 


107 


'Die  fiflh  day  tliey  made  us  rniss  tlie  lake  I'.  p.i'.H  flu; 
liinb'  ill  "  retinil  liul  very  damp  sp'-t.  We  lliere  l)ej»aii 
to  take  our  sleep  lieil  on  llie  «iound  in  the  open  air,  as 
y/v.  ••oiitiiiued  to  do  iluiiii','  llie  ie-,t  ofdur  voya;,'e. 

My  (oiisolalion  was  to  lliink  tliat  we  were  tjoiii^'  tin: 
y/\\\  of  (iod,  since  I  liarl  undertakrii  this  voyat^'e  only 
tliroii^,di  ohedienie.  I  was  fnll  of  r  ..nddeii.e  in  the 
intercession  of  the  HIessed  Viij,'i'i,  and  the  help  of  'o 
Tiiiiny  Kouls  who  prayi  d  for  me. 

'I'he  followiuK  d.iy  we  endiarked  on  a  river,*  and  after 
Home  mills  they  ordi'r-fl  me  to  lluow  overhoard  my 
pajiers  which  they  ha.l  left  me  till  then.  They  s.iper- 
htitioiisly  imagined  that  they  had  made  r.ur  <  anoe  hnr^t 
open.  They  were  surjirise-d  to  se(r  me  j^rieved  at  this 
loss,  who  had  never  shown  any  regret  for  all  ehe.  \V'«j 
were;  two  days  in  ascenrliiif,'  this  river  to  the  falisf  which 
compelled  us  to  land  and  march  six  days  in  the  woods. 
The  ii(!Xt  «lay  which  was  a   Friday,  (May  0,j  we  mf.'t 

Boino   Ini!|U.iiH  K'>"'K  ""^  '"   *'«'''•     ''''"■>'   '"'''*''   ''""'® 

blows  to  the  terrihle  threats  they  made  ;    hut  the  account 

,   -which  they  K'ave  to  our  keepers,  of  the  death  of  ono  of 

their  party   killerl   hy  a   Frenchman,   was  a  Kfo'ind   for 

their  commencing  to  treat  us  with  mu(  h  greater  cruelty. 

At  the  moment  of  our  capture  tlie  Irofjuois  were  dying 

of  liimgor  ;  so  that  in  two  or  three  days  they  consumed 

oil  our  provisions,  and  we  had  no  food,  during  the  rest  of 

the  way,  but  from  hunting,  fishing,  or  some  wild  roots 

which  they  found.     Their  want  was  so  great  that  they 

picked  up' on  the  shore  a  dead  beaver  already  putrefying. 

'J'hey  gave  it  to  me  in  the  evening  to  wash  in  the  river, 

iUt,  its  stench  leading  me  to  believe  that  they  did  not 

•  Blohelieu  or  Sorel.  t  B*P''1»  "f  Chamblj. 


tot 


rKnii.s    OK   TiiF 


n 


wiuit  it,  I  tliipw  it  into  the  watrr.     Tliis  Itlniulrr  of  iiiiii(» 
I  oxpiiitcil  hy  11  vigoroiiM  pciiaiirr. 

1  will  not  hen-  rrlntc  nil  I  lind  to  siillf-r  in  tli;it  voyiitjo. 
It  in  i'iioii|;;li  to  my  tlmt  wv  liiul  to  <iiny  "nv  loitN  in  tlm 
woods  liy  unluMtiMi  ioikIh,  wIkii)  tltno  is  iiotliini?  Imt 
HtniioH,  thoiiiM,  holoi*,  watrr  and  snow,  whirh  had  not  yet 
rntiicly  disappeared.  \VV  w«'ro  harc-footrd,  and  wcro 
left  r,istiii<<  soini'tinics  till  llirrc  or  fonr  o'clork  in  tlio 
al'tiMiioon,  anil  oftcii  dnrini;  tlic  whole  day,  exposed  to 
the  rain,  and  drcneheil  witli  tiie  waters  of  the  torrents 
and  rivers  wliich  wo  h  id  at  tin»es  to  eross. 

When  evenin;^  was  come,  I  was  ordered  to  ^'o  for 
wood,  to  hrin^'  water,  and  cook  when  tiiey  had  any  j)ro- 
visions.  Wiien  I  did  not  sneeeod,  or  misunderstood 
the  orders  whieh  I  received,  blows  were  not  spared  ; 
Htill  less  when  wo  met  other  siivngcs  going  to  tish  or 
hnnt. 

It  was  not  oas)  for  nic  to  rest  at  night,  hcrause  :hey 
tied  n»e  to  a  tree,  leaving  nie  exposed  to  the  keen  night 
air,  still  cohl  enough  at  tliat  period. 

We  at  last  arrived  at  the  Lake  of  the  Iroquois,  (Lake 
Chaniplain.)  We  had  to  make  other  canoi .,  in  which 
1  too  was  to  do  my  j)art.  After  five  or  six  day  a'  nail- 
ing, we  landed,  and  marched  for  three  more. 

The  fourth  day,  which  was  the  fifteenth  of  May,  wo 
arrived  about  !20  o'clock,  ('<]  1-4  I'.  M.,)  and  before 
having  as  yet  taken  any  food,  at  u  river  on  the  banks  of 
which  some  four  hundred  savages  Mere  gathered,  fish- 
ing. Hearing  of  our  a])proach,  they  came  out  to  meet 
us,  and,  when  about  two  hundred  pace-  from  their  cab- 
ins, they  stripped  off  all  my  clothes,  ;.  "1  made  me 
march  ahead.     The  younjr  men  formed  a  line  to  the 


fl 


iiikIci-  nf  inine 

n  fli;i»  vdvii'^o. 
w:  Iii.hIh  ill  llic 

i  nofliiiiLC  '"'f 
•li  h;t(l  lint  yet 
t'<l,  im«l  «(MO 
)VI()(  k  ill  tlio 
y,  <'N  posed  to 
f  tin'  toin'iils 

led  to  go  fop 
,■  liad  any  j»ro- 
inisuiidiMstddd 
'  not  spilled  ; 
ling  to  fish  or 

,  bocnusf  t'lcy 
;he  keen  night 

rocpiois,  (Tiiike 
lUH  >,  in  wliich 
six  days'  sail- 

1)0. 

h  of  May,  wc 
.,)  and  hcfoio 
III  tlu;  banks  of 
gatlicied,  tisli- 
ne  out  lo  meet 
from  their  cab- 
ir>d  made  me 
I  a  line  to  the 


OCKAN      AMI     W  II.IIKKN  KHrt. 


lUD 


right  and  1-ft,  each    aini.d  willi  a   eluh,  eN'ej.t  the  tii>t 
one,  mIio  held  a  knife  in  hi>t  hand. 

Whni  I  Ixgaii  my  niaieh,  this  one  htopped  uiy  pas- 
sage, and,  M-i/iiigmy  left  liaiid,  eh  It  it  open  with  hiH 
knife  hrlweni  the  little  linger  and  the  nest,  «ilh 
Mi.h  foic..  and  violenre  that  1  thought  he  woahl  lay 
oprn  n.y  uhole  hand.  The  oth.-iM  then  hegaii  to  h.ad 
me  with  hlowH  till  I  riMched  the  f-tage  whi<  h  they  had 
..re.led  for  onr  loiMire.  We  had  to  mount  on  theMi 
r.Migii  pieces  of  hark,  raided  al)out  .mie  palms  hi-li,  m» 
as  to  give  the  crowd  an  oi.poitnnily  to  see  and  insult  us. 
I  was  all  drenched  in  hlood,  that  ntreamed  from  every 
part  of  my  body,. and  th(!  wind  to  whldi  we  were  ex- 
posed  wus  cold'cnough  to  congeal  it  immediately  ou  my 

hkiii. 

What  consch-d  me  much  was,  to  nee  that  (iod  granted 
me  the  grace  of  siilfering  some  little  pain  in  this  world, 
instead  of  the  iiicomparahly  far  greater  torments,  which 
I  hhoiihl   have    had  to  sulfer  for   my   sins   in  the  lU'xt 

world. 

The  warriors  eame  next,  and  and  were;  received  hy 
the  savag(^s  with  great  cfnemony,  and  regaled  with  the 
best  of  all  that  their  fishing  supplied. 

They  hade  us  sing.  .lu<lge  whether  we  could,  fast- 
ing, worn  ilown  by  marching,  brok.-n  by  their  blows, 
and  shivering  from  head  to  foot  with  cold. 

Shortly  alU-r,  a  Huron  slave  hrought  mo  a  little  In- 
dian  corn,  and  a  captain  who  saw  me  all  tremhliug  with 
cold,  at  last,  at  my  entreaty,  gave  me  hack  tie  half  of 
an  old  summer  cassock  all  in  tatters,  which  served  only 
to  cover,  but  not  to  warm  me. 

We  had  to  sing  till  the  departure  of  the  braves,  and 


no 


r  En  ITS    ni'    TiiK 


1 

I 


yi 


wciP  tlion  loft  at  the  imn  v  of  tlu?  youth,  who  made  in 
come  down  iVoiii  tin-  NcaH'oltl  wluro  «»•  liail  Ixcii  ul.out 
two  lioiiiN,  to  iiuki!  urt  (lumu  in  tlu-ir  la-hiou,  and 
l)ciaii>f  I  (lid  not  Miccced,  nor  watt  indei-d  alilc,  thc»o 
young  iH-oplo  b<;at  me,  pricked  me,  pliuked  out  u\y 
luiir,  my  beard,  etc. 

They  kept  us  five  or  six  days  in  this  plate  for  their 
pastime,  leavinj,'  us  entirely  at  the  dis<  retion  or  indib- 
cretion  of  every  one.  Wo  were  ohliKed  to  ol)ey  even 
the  chihlren,  and  that  in  things  unreaHonal)le,  an«l  often 
contradictory.  "  Sing,"  cries  one  ;  "  Ihdd  your  toni,Mie," 
Bays  another;  if  I  obeyed  the  first,  the  latter  tormented 
mo.  "  Stretch  out  your  hand ;  I  Wiint  to  burn  it. 
Another  burnt  it  because  I  did  not  extend  it  to  him. 
They  commanded  mo  to  take  firo  between  tlie  fingers 
to  put  in  their  pipes,  full  of  tobacco,  and  then  let  it  fall 
on  the  ground  purposely  four  or  five  tinu>a,  one  after 
another,  to  make  mo  burn  myself,  picking  it   up  each 

time. 

These  scenes  usually  took  place  nt  night  ;  for, 
towards  evening,  the  captains  cried  in  a  fearful  voice 
around  the  cabins,  •'  Gather  ye  young  men,  come  and 
caress  our  prisoners." 

On  this,  they  flocked  together,  and  assembled  in  some 
largo  cabin.  There  the  remnant  of  dress  which  had 
been  given  mo  was  torn  off,  leaving  me  naked  ;  then 
some  goaded  mo  with  pointed^  sticks  ;  some  burnt  me 
with  firebrands,  or  red-hot  stones,  while  others  used 
burning  ashes,  or  hot  coals.  They  made  me  walk 
around  ihe  firo  on  iM  ashes,  under  which  they  had 
stucV.  sharp  sticks  in  the  ground.  Some  plucked  out 
my  hair,  others  ray  beard. 


OCKAN      AND     >V  11, 1)  K  R  N  F,l«  . 


Ill 


who  made  nn 

,1(1  Im'CIi  ultout 

ra<l>iuit,    uikI 

C(l    III  (if,  tlicso 

ikfd  imt   my 

\Amv  I'T  tl'tir 
ctiim  or  iiulu- 
to  olu'V  t'vcn 
Mi',  iiiul  often 
your  toni^iu'," 
Iter  tornieiiteil 
;  to  burn  it." 
LMul  it  to  him. 
•en  the  finmMH 
then  let  it  lull 
iniea,  one  after 
,ng  it   up  cuch 

t  ni,u;ht  ;  for, 
a  fearful  voico 
men,  come  luid 

!mblc(I  in  some 
rcss  which  hud 
ic  nakeil  ;  then 
some  burnt  mo 
le  others  used 
nade  uic  walk 
,vhi(h  they  had 
ue  plucked  out 


Ivcry  ni^ht,  after  making  me   hiii«,  and  tormeiitin« 
me  UH  aix.ve,  they  .pent  about  a  cjuarter  of  ati   hour  iu 
burning  one  of  my  naiN  or  ii  linger.     Of  the  ten  that  I 
had,  I  have  now  but  one   left   whole,  and  ev»n  of  that, 
they  have  torn  <.ut  the  nail  with  tlu'ir  teeth.     Oju?  even- 
ing, thtv  took  ..If  a  nail  ;  the   nest  .l.iy  the   lir«t  joint  ; 
the  day  "after,  the    mond.      lly    the    sixth   time,   they 
burned  almont   six.     To  the  hancU.  merely  they  applied 
tiro  and  iron  more  than  .iKhteen  tinu-s,  an«l,  during  this 
toinn-nt,  I  was  obliged  to  MUg.     They  ceased  tcuturing 
nu!  only  at  one   or    two    o'tlock  at  night.     'I'hey   theu 
usually  left  nu'  tied  to  the  grouiul  in  some  (tpot  e.\po«i'd 
to  the'rain,  with   no  bed  or  bl  uiket,  but  a  Mnall  ^kiu 
which  did  not  cover  half  my  body,  au<l  often  even  with- 
out  anv   covering  ;   tbr   tlu-y   had   already  torn   up  the 
piecir  of  a  cassock  v^hich  had  been  given  mo.      Yet  out 
of  compassion    they    left   mc    enough    to    cover   what 
decency,  even    among   them,   reciuires  to  be  concealed. 
Thev  kept  the  re>t. 

For  a  whole  month,  wc  had  to  undergo  these  cruel- 
ties, and  K"'''tt-'i-  still,  but  we  remained  only  eight  days 
in  the  first  place.  I  never  would  have  believed  that 
man  had  so  hanl  a  life. 

One  night,  th  it  they  were  as  usual  torturing  me, 
a  Huron,  taken  prisoner  with  me,  seeing  cmc  of  his  com- 
panions escape  torments  by  siding  against  nu',  suddenly 
cried  out,  in  the  mi.ldic  of  the  assembled  throng,  that  I 
was  a  pcr.>.on  of  rank,  an.l  a  captain  anumg  the  French. 
This  thev  heard  with  great  attention  ;  then,  raising  a 
loud  shout  in  sign  of  joy,  they  treated  me  still  worse. 
The  next  morning,  I  was  condemned  to  be  burnt  alive, 
and  to  be  eaten.     They  then  began  to  guard  me  more 


1 
1 


« 


F^ 


112 


PKUIt.n    ny     THK 


H"' 


miiiuwiy.  i'ho  imu  t«ml  iliiMnii  in-u-r  \vt\  iiii>  uloiip, 
I'vni  lor  niitiii.it  iu'<«-.>.it\ ,  hnt  «iinu'  lniiiiniliiiK  mo  !•» 
ftmt'  iiif  to  nUirii  lo  tlio  caliiii  willi  uU  »iKt-il,  tiuiiiig 
llutt  1  llli^llt  take  tli^lit. 

VVf  It'll  riit'ii'  till'  i.Mltli  «i"  May  ;  uihI,  Iniir  duvK  allti-, 
mulu'tl  llic  lii-t  town*  til"  llii-(  iiulion.  lit  llii>«  ni.m  li 
oil  loot,  what  «itli  iiiiii  tm<l  otIuT  lianUliips,  1  ^.tiHrnil 
jiUMC!  than  I  liiul  )«t  chiiu'.  I'hi'  »aviiKu  thta  nij  kci'iiir 
wui«  more  criu'l  than  tin*  firnt. 

I  wuH  iM'atfh,  wi-ak,  Ill-lVd,  half-iuikc!<l,  ami  ».h'pt  in 
till'  opon  iiir,  tinl  to  a  lice  or  po-^t,  sliivcriiiK  all  ni^ht 
iVoin  mltl,  ami  thi-  pain  tuiiH'd  l»\  my  ImmU. 

In  ililiitiilt  plact'N,  my  wiMknt'sH  lallfcl  lor  lidp,  hut 
it  wan  ri'l'iiiHi'il,  ami,  even  when  1  loll,  rcnowiiiK  my 
pain,  they  Nhf)\\t'rc'(l  hlows  on  mt-  aifain  to  I'orio  iiio  to 
man  h  ;  for  they  IhUcvoiI  that  1  diil  it  purposely  to  lag 
bfhintl,  ami  no  iMajH'. 

One  day,  umonn  otlitiN,  I  ffll  into  a  tttroam  and  wuh 
likt!  to  have  <lrownfd,  I  got  «mt,  I  know  not  how,  and 
ill  this  plij(l.t  had  to  march  m-arly  ^ix  miloH  mor«'  till 
cvniiiiK.  ^»i''»  'I  ^^''.v  h«-'iivy  hurthi-n  on  my  nhouldciH. 
They  laiij,'lwd  a*  myself  and  my  awkwardness  in  falling 
into  the  water,  yet  tliiii  did  not  hinder  their  burning 
another  of  my  nails  that  night. 

We  at  last  reached  the  first  village  of  this  nation,  and 
liere  our  reception  resembled  the  first,  but  was  still  more 
cruel.  Hesides  blows  from  their  fists  and  clubs,  which 
I  roreived  in  the  most  sensitive  parts  of  my  body — they 
a  second  time  slit  open  my  left  band,  between  the 
middle  and  fore  fin^'ers,  and  the  bastinade  was  such, 
that  I  fell  half  dead  on  the  ground.  I  thougbt  I  hud 
lost  my  right  eye  forever.     As  I  did  not  rise,  because  I 


■^•^An.L.iJww  yi'i 


••IAN     ANn    WiLllttmilltHM 


118 


>>■  ]vt\  nil*  iiliMin, 
tiiiH'iilin^  nil'  tit 

I  npi'vit,  tt'uiiiig 

t'ltiii'  (laVN  iiiivr, 

til    tliit    man  li 

!ilii|iN,  I  fiullrntl 

tlil'U   111)    kfl'JHT 

(I,  titiil  xli-pt  ill 
ivi<iiiit<  itll  niglit 
i(iiiil-<. 

(t  lor  li<>l|i,  but 
I,  rent' wing  my 

II  to  l(»no  iiH'  to 
]iiii'|ioM;ly  U)  lag 

I  Htruain  ami  wut 
uw  not  how,  anil 
iiiiloK  niorf  till 
n  my  ulniuldrrM. 
inluosx  in  fatliiiK 
isr  their  burning 

f  this  iKitiun,  ami 
mt  WHS  Htill  more 
mil  clnlw,  which 
f  mv  body — tlu'V 

•  •  • 

11(1,  between    the 

tinude  was   such, 

I  thought  I  hud 

ot  rise,  because  I 


WRi  tiniiblr  tr,  do  no,  th«  y  continmd  to  liraf  me,  etppc 
iailv  on  the  itreaxt  ami  hcid.  I  »l»oohl  »i»n»ly  Imv« 
i'X|>ire»l  iMiuath  their  blown,  had  not  u  captain  literally 
drag^rd  mo  out  by  main  ntiiiiglli,  up  to  u  •tuge,  made 
like  the  former  oMe.  of  bark.  There,  they  »ooii  iirter, 
cut  oil"  llie  miilille  and  mangled  the  I'ore  fiiigir  id'  my 
Ii  ft  hand.  Hut  af  the  mune  moment  the  rain,  nftended 
witli  thunder  and  lightning,  fell  in  nucb  torrents  that 
tho  mivagew  retired,  leaving  u*  exposed  naked  to  tho 
htorm.  till  an  Indian,  I  know  not  whom,  took  pity  on  us, 
and  in  the  evening  took    u>*  into  bit  caliiii. 

We  were  lit  this  point,  tormented  with  more  eruelty 
mid  audacity  than  ever,  and  without  leaving  us  a  mo- 
ment's rest.  'I'hey  foned  me  to  eit  all  kimls  of  filth, 
and  burnt  one  of  my  lingers  and  the  still  remaining  nails, 
Ihiry  di.locali'd  my  toes,  and  ran  a  fire-brand  through 
one  of  my  feet,  I  know  not  what  they  did  not  attempt 
another  time,  but  I  pretended  to  faint,  so  us  to  nvTin  not 
to  see  ail  indecent  action. 

After  glutting  their  eruelty  here,  they  sont  uh  into 
another  village,  nine  or  ten  miles  further.  Here  tliry 
added  to  the  torments  of  which  I  have  spoken,  that  of 
hanging  me  up  by  the  feet,  either  in  cords  or  with 
ihaiiis,  given  them  by  the  Dutch.  IW  night  I  lay 
stretched  on  the  ground,  naked  and  bound,  according 
to  their  custom,  to  several  stakes,  by  the  feet,  hands,  and 
neck.  The  torments  which  I  had  to  Buffer  in  this  state, 
for  six  or  seven  nights,  were  in  such  places,  and  of  such 
a  description,  that  it  is  not  lawful  to  describe  them,  nor 
could  they  be  read  without  blushing.  I  never  closed 
my  eyes  tliose  nights,  which,  though  the  shortest  in  the 
veiir,"  seemed  to  me  most   long.     My  God  I  what  will 


Ill 


rr.  iiii.)i    i>r    tiir 


I 
'i 


I'lirt^itDry  (hfii  lt«>  f  ThUroukiili  iiiimi  "latl)  ullcvlatad 
my  |Kiiiis. 

AArr  *iict.  n  tmittnnit,  I  Ik  '  wnv  m  inU  lion*  uikI 
hnrriltlo;  ihaf  nil  dri'w  dH'  iVom  *>  -»  from  iitrrinii, 
'•ppriMU  liiii^  tni*  only  to  toritinti.  >S«'uni*  ioiiht  I  fiml 
onr  i'liMritiil)|i'  I'lioiiHh  to  put  •omr  lofiil  in  my  ntnuili, 
for  I  i<Mil(l  iiM'  in'itluT  ol"  my  liuniU,  wliitli  ««••••  I'lior- 
moiivly  iimilltii,  iiml  a  ntio)*  of.  corrtitttiim.  Tliti«  I 
hud  to  miiMt'r  fiitnint'  too.  I  wait  ri'diuccl  to  rut  riiw 
'Iii(tiuii  (orit,  not  Mitlioiir  ilunuicr  of  m\  Itc.illli.  N'«'t'i*«< 
ftity  niiiili'  mi'  I'Vi'n  Iiml  xomt  irlioli  in  tlii'Ming  ( hulk, 
Hltlloll^lk  it  wun  im|io)>Kil»lt>  lo  khuUou'  it, 

I  wui  coviirrd  tvilh  vernkin,  nn.ihlu  to  ili'livvr  or  iiliii'til 
mywlf  from  tln-m.  Wornm  were  hri'i'tlin^  i»  my 
wouikIm,  and  one  day,  nioro  than  four  i'tll  iVum  one  of 
my  lingcrit. 

"  I  Inivo  Muid  to  rottcnnt'KN,  'I'ltoii  art  my  fathor  ;  to 
wormi,  yon  uro  my  nu)tliur  and  my  niMtrr." — Job  xvii. 
II.  •'  I  Ixrann'  a  hnrthcn  toinyM-lf,"  no  that,  had  I 
consulted  ImiI  my  own  ftt  lin^s,  I  xlioidd  liavu  '* rittooini'd 
that  to  (lii>  Han  Kain." 

An  ab)*ri'»iH  had  'ornu-d  in  my  ri^ht  lo^,  in  romtoqui-naj 
of  the  hhnv  <  I  hail  received  there,  and  my  tVeiincnt 
fuiU.  It  gu'. i'  !m  im  rcct,  cupecially  afier  I  wat  no 
longer  i  'M'iwT  I"  nkin  aiid  none,  vvitli  no  bed  but 
the  bare  ground.  I'ho  lavagen  had,  though  unHucccNR- 
fully,  iteveral  timei  endeavored  to  open  it  with  Hharp 
Ktoncs,  cauNing  mo  moot  intenno  pain.  Tlio  apoittuto 
Huron,  who  had  been  taken  with  me,  l»ad  rov  to  act 
aa  my  »urgeon.  Tiie  day,  which,  ateording  to  my 
ideiw,  wad  the  eve  of  my  death,  he  opened  it  with  four 
gnahes  of  a  knife.     The   blood  and  matter  guBhcd  out 


11 J^ 


'  ML-M 


tm^m^mmmmmmtmm 


II  liiTt  lioii*  mill 
tN  from  ciurloii, 

nil*  ilHlIlt    I    (llltl 

III  ill  my  niiiiiili, 
liii  li  Mi'ii'  I'lior' 
i|itiiiti.  'I'liiia  I 
iii't'il  to  i*at  ruw 
IiimIiIi.  Nt'i'i*** 
I  rhi'wiii^  (hulk, 
t. 

ilflivi>r  oi'  ■hiclil 

I'l'cillh^    ill    my 

I'cll  tViim  Dill-  of 

rt  my  fiitlirr ;  to 
itiT." — JoIj  xvii. 
"  «o   that,  hud    I 

IlltVl!  '*  CMtOl'lllfd 

;,  ill  ronM'(|iu'nco 

mil  my   tVi'i|tii'iit 

afnT   I    \vaN  no 

with   no  hcil  hut 

Ollgh     UnHUCCCNH- 

?n  it  with  Hhiirp 
The  apoMtato 
',  had  I'ov  to  act 
rconlin^  to  my 
L'ned  it  with  lour 
iitter  gushed  out 


AfRAN     AMD     WIFni»XR«i» 

•o  dhnimtly.  unil  rmiltrd  mu h  a  •tcmh,  ihnt  it  drnv« 
all  tlip  »i»%uK«'9  !'n>i»  ti>^  vMn, 

I  cUnlrid  mid  f%|MM»i.d  d.'.»»h,  fliotitfli  no*  wUlloat 
riilHrifiinnK  Mtmr  honor  lor  thi'  totluiic  hy  lln>.  Y«'t 
I  |>ri|mn d  (o  the  l«««t  of  my  j.owi-r,  romimiuUiiK  my» 
•ill'  to  thi-  hinrt  of  tin-  Mother  of  mmy,  wlio  i«t  truly, 
the  ••  lrf)Vidy,  iidmindih',  powirful,  rl«>mnit  Mothi-r,  the 
fomfortr«".«  of  ihi'  ulllii ti'd.''  Shi-  wa«,  uli.r  <iod,  ihe 
only  rifiiK''  •'»'»  |»<»'»''  Minu'r,  uUiidoiAd  h\  all  trinturt'it, 
ill  a  Ionian  land,  in  ihii  plan'  of  horror  and  va«»  noli- 
tudi',  without  KiHwh  to  Kivit  iituratut!  to  hi*  thought*, 
without  tt  friind  to  loiiMdn  him,  without  .ai  ranu-iit"  to 
fortify  him,  without  any  human  iinn-dy  to  alU-vi.ite    hi» 

W0«"«. 

'lhi>  Huron  and  AlKompiiii  pri«ono-s  OhrM- latter  arc 
called  our  lndiaim,)  iiutcad  of  nHinoliiiK  mt-,  wi-rc  th« 
ftr»t  to  maku  m«!  miUVr  in  orih-r  to   pK-aM'  tin-   Iroiiiioi«i. 
I  did  not  «•••  our  ^ood  William  Couture  until  at'ti-r  my 
drliMiaiKT.     'I'ho  ihild  laptuiTil  with  mr  had  hn'U  car- 
riid  oil"  from  tin-  momnit  that  thfv  pcirfivcd  memakiuK 
him  nay  hi»  priiyi-n,  which  di^pU'a^fd  thnii.     'Iht-y  tor- 
mcntcil  him  aUo.  and,  ihoiiKh  he  wa-*  hut  twilvf  or 
thirtii-n  ynirn  old,  ihcy  tore  oil"  fivo  of  hi*  nailp.  wUh 
thrir  ti'tth.     OniraihinK  'l'«'''  «<»'»tiy,  tlu-y  had  tii'd 
hill  wrihtH  with  hinall  roidn,  drawn  aH  tight  in.  t hoy  could 
HO  M  to  givu  hiin  cxquicito  pain.     'Ihiy  did  all    thin 
hfforo    my  eyoH   to  augmnit   my   Mili'iMing.      (>!    Imw 
diU'cMvutly  wc  then  value  many  thii.gH  w  hii  h  are  usually 
BO  e^itociiiuil !     (iod  grant  that  I  may  iemcml)er  and  profit 

by  it.  , 

My  days  then  wen;  tlius  filled  up  with  MifTeringM,  and 
my  nights  were  spent  without  repose ;  this  caused   me 


t 


IT '  • 


110 


VKmi.H     OK     TIIK 


evoii  fo  count,  ill  llio  itiDutli,  five  davH  morn  tluin  tlici'B 
vi'tc,  !iiil,  l(ir)lvini^  111  llw  iiKiuM  one  tiijjlit,  I  ciiModcd 
my  cnoi . 

T  wiiN  )f^ni)nmt  wliy  tin-  Kiiviif^nH  nr»  loii^,'  rlrl'cind  tiiy 
•lentil.  'I'Imv  I'lld  inc  lli;it  it  wim  to  I'lillrii  inc  licl'iiio 
tlii'\   iitf  1110  ;   tlii)iiL!;li  lliiv*'  tmik  no  iiumiih  Id  do  no. 

My  t:itc  \v;is  !it  last  (Iim  iricd.  On  llic  ninclcrnlli  of 
.liint',  wliii'li  1  dccnicd  tlic  lust  of  my  iifr,  I  Ix'^'^id  a 
niptaii)  to  put  wv  fn  di-ath,  if  jiossihic,  oiIktm  iNc  tlian 
liy  firo;  Imt  anotlicr  cliicf  cxliorti-d  him  to  stand  lirni  in 
tli(^  rcsolntion  already  taken.  Tlie  first  then  t<dd  vw 
that  I  was  todi(;  neither  hy  fire  nor  liy  any  other  torture. 
1  could  not  helieve  it,  nor  do  I  know  Avhether  he  ►poko 
in  earnest,  yet  true  it  was.  Su(  h  was  the  will  of  find, 
and  of  the  Virgin  Mother,  to  whom  I  acknowledge  niy- 
'hclf  indehted  for  my  life,  and,  what  I  esteem  nioii!  highly, 
for  a  great  fortitude  amid  my  woes.  May  it  please  the 
Divine  Majesty  that,  this  vcdouml  to  his  greater  glory 
and  my  good. 

The  savages  themselves  were  extremely  surprised  at 
this  result,  so  contrary  was  it  to  their  indentions,  as  they 
avowed  to  me,  and  as  the  Dutch  have  written.  I  was 
thet-efope  given,  with  all  the  usual  ceremonies,  to  an  old 
woman  to  replace  her  grandfather,  formerly  killed  hy 
the  Hurons,  hut  instead  of  hr.ving  mehurnt  as  all  desired, 
and  had  already  resolved,  she  redeemed  mc  from  their 
hands  at  the  expense  of  some  beads,  which  the  French 
call  porcelainc.* 

I  live  here  in  the  midst  of  the  shadows  of  death. 
They  can  be  heard  speaking  of  nothing  but  murder  and 

*  Called  in  English,  Wampum. 


■'  r'  ■*  • 


O  (.  K  A  M      A  N  f»     vv  I  I,  r»  P.  K  M  K  H  M  . 


17 


Hirf  tlinn  flifir 
;lit,    I   cnmulcM 

ijX  (Icfi'inil   Tiiy 
iltrn    iM('  licfiirp 

IS  to   do   NO. 

!•    IlillclfC'Jllll     of 

Ir,   I    l)(')^rK''''   i' 

nlllcTM  Inc    IIiiIII 

to  Htiiixl  ilrni  in 
tlicii  told  mo 
ly  otlicr  (ortnn!. 
ictlicr  lio  ►;|)ok() 
lie  will  of  Ciod, 
knowh.'dgn  iny- 
•ni  tnoK!  highly, 
ly  it  pl<!;is(>  tho 
s  greater  glory 

!ly  HtirpriHrd  at 
fiitioiiK,  as  thoy 
ivrittcn.  I  was 
ionics,  fo  an  old 
ncrly  killed  by 
it  as  all  desired, 
mc  from  their 
ich  the  French 

dows  of  death. 
out  murder  and 


iiiMnM-tiiiiitlon.  Th'-y  hdVf  r»-"Tifly  mmdrT'd  ofif  of  th»ir 
own  foiiiitrvrn'fi  in  lilt  own  '.iliin,  iw  hhcIi'ih  twirl  unwor- 
thy tf>  livf. 

\  hfivn  tdwnyn  Horn'-thit  k  fo  mdfcr  ;  my  woiin(U  mi' 
Ntill  o|iin  ;  iind  rniuiy  of  the  <i!»v;ik«'m  I'.ok  upon  iw. 
with  no  kihdiv  eye.  'IVne  then  it,  is  tli;if  we  r.uinot. 
live  wiihont  eroMfCH ;  yet  this  is  liko  «'ig;ir  in  (om- 
ji.irison  with  the  paHt. 

'I'h<-  I)iit(  h  f^ave  rne  hopes  of  my  ransom,  nii'l  tii,i^  of 
tl(;  hoy  taken  jjfiMoner  with  me.  (imW  will  \>i:  <lone 
in  time  and  eternity  !  My  hope  will  he  still  more  eon- 
firmed,  if  yon  k'*'"*'  f"'-  '^  ^''""'  '"  y^''""  holy  laerifiren 
and  praverH,  aii'i  those  of  our  Fathers  and  brothers, 
espe«ially  of  tho^c;  who  krif;w  mi:  in  other  d.iys. 

Tcrrlt'iry  iif  ihn  fr  ■'iiiiiii,  ./ui/  I'l,  I'll. 


The  mii'tionary,  at  thnt  pfrrio'l,  found  no  of)[)f)rtiin!t,y  fjf  wnfKng 
ttic  Iftfcr,  to  tli  it  it.  rKirhf'l  Muroj^',  f.o((f!t.hrr  with  ot.t.cr*  whi'h  we 
insert  here,  in  the  orfl(;r  in  which  ihcy  vv.ri:  written. 


I  have  found  no  one,  Hays  the  second  letter,  to 
take  charge  of  the  inclosed,  so  that  you  will  receive 
it  at  the  same  time  as  the  present  one,  which  will 
give  vou  the  news  of  my  deliverance  from  the  hands 
of  the  savages,  whose  captive  I  was.  I  am  inrlehted 
for  it  to  the  Dutch,  and  they  ohtainerl  it  with  no  great 
difficulty,  for  a  very  moderate  ransom,  on  account  of 
the  little  value  which  the  Indians  attacljfd  to  me,  from 
my  unhandiness  at  every  thing,  as  wtil  as  from  their 
conviction  that  my  sores  would  never  heal. 

I  have  been  twice  sold,  first  to  the  old  woman  who 


1 

J 


iti 


PKUII.S      or      TIIK 


4  .{ 


was  to  have  mc  burnt,  ni.d  next  to  th('  Dutfl.  dour 
enoiit?!.,  that  is,  for  about  Httccn  or  twenty  doppii'^.* 

1  chanfMl  mv  going   out   iVom  Kgypt  the  nineteenth 
of  August,  that   is,  the  third  day  of  the  Octave  of  the 
Assuniption  of  the  Blessed  Virgin,  whom  I  regarded  as 
my  liberator.     I  was  a  prisoner  among  the  Iroiiuois  for 
four  months  ;  but  small  is   that  compared  to  what   my 
8ins  deserve.     I   was  unable,   during  my   captivity,  to 
render  to   any  of  tl-.osc  wretched  beings,  in   return  for 
the  evil  they  did  me,  the  good  which  was  the  object  of 
my  desires;  that  is,  impart  to  them  a  knowledge  of  the 
true  God.     To   supply  my  ignorance  of  their  language, 
1  endeavored,  bv  means  of  a  prisoner  as  my  interpreter, 
to  instruct  a  dying  old  man  ;  but  pride  made  him  deaf 
to  my  words.     He  replied,  that  a  man  of  his  age  and 
'rank  should   teach   others,  not  receive  their  lessons.     I 
asked  him  whither  he  would  go  after  his  death.     "  To 
the  west,"  he  answered  ;  and  then  began  to  recount  the 
fables  and  follies   which   unfortunately,  blinded  by  the 
devil,  they  take  for  the  most  solid  truths. 

I  baptized  none  but  a  Huron.  They  had  brought 
him  where  I  was  to  burn  him,  and  those  who  guarded 
me  told  me  to  go  and  see  him.  I  did  so  with  some 
reluctance  ;  for  tliey  had  told  me  that  he  was  not  one 
of  our  Indians,  and  that  I  could  not  understand  him. 
I  advanced  towards  the  crowd  which  opened,  and  let 
me  approach  this  man,  even  then  all  disfigured  by 
torments.  He  was  stretched  on  the  bare  ground,  with 
nothing  to  rest  his  head  upon.  Seeing  a  stone  near  me, 
I  pushed  it  with  my  foot  towards  his  head,  to  serve  him 

•  A  doppie  ig  »  piece  of  gold  worth  about  three  dollars  and  a  half. 


10  "Dutcli  (Ipiir 
y  (lopjiifH.* 
the  iiinctciMith 

()(;tiivc  of  \\w 
1  I  r»'{?;ir'.k'(l  as 
he  lioinioin  for 
{•(I  to  whiit  my 
y  capUvity,  to 
i,  in  rot  urn  for 
as  the  olycct  of 
owlcd^o  of  the 
their  liuiguai^e, 

my  hvterpreter, 

made  him  deaf 
of  his  age  and 
heir  lessons.  I 
.is  death.  "  To 
n  to  recount  the 
,  blinded  by  the 
s. 

cy  had  brought 
se  who  guarded 
:l   so  with  some 

he  was  not  one 
understand  him. 

opened,  and  let 

11  disfigiued  by 
are  ground,  with 
a  stone  near  me, 
ead,  to  serve  him 

liars  and  a  half. 


OCKAN      A  NO     WILDERNESS. 


U9 


ns  a  pillow.     He  then  looked  up  at  me  attentively,  ,ind 
some  hairs   stiL  left   in  my  l)eard,  (;r   sonu;  'ther  mark, 
made  him   suppose    I   was  ii  foreigner.      "  Is   not    this 
man,"  said   he   to   his  keeper,  "  the  wliife   man  whom 
you  hold  captive?"     Heing  answered  allirmatively,  ho 
again  cast  towards  mc  a  most  piteous  look.     *'  Sit  down, 
brotiu-r,  by  me,"  said  he,  "  I  wo.dd  speak  with  thee." 
I  sat  down,  though  not  without  horror,  such  was  the 
odor  that  exhaled   from   his   already  half-roasti'd   body, 
lliippy  to  be  able  to  understand  him  a  little,  because  he 
spoke  Huron,  1  asked  him  what   ho  desired,  hoping  to 
be  al)l(!  to  profit  by  the  occasion   to   instruct  and  baj)- 
tize  him.     'lo  my  great  consolation,   I   was  anticipated 
by  the    answer.      "What    dost    thou  want?"  said  I. 
•'  1  ask  but   one   thing,  baptism,  as  quickly  as  pos.sible, 
for  the  time  is  short."     I   Avished   to   question  him  as 
to  the  faith,  so  as  not  to  administer  a  .sacrament  with 
precipitation  ;  but    I   found    him    perfectly    instructed, 
having  been  already  received  among  tlie  Catechumens 
in  the  Huron  country.     I  therefore  most  willingly  bap- 
tized him,  to  his  and  my  own  ^neat  satisfaction.     Though 
I  had  administered  this  sacrament  by  a  kind  of  strat- 
agem, utiing  the  water  which  they  had  given  me  for 
him  to  drink,  the  Iroquois  perceived  it.     The  captains 
were  at  once  informed,  and,  with  angry  threats,  drove 
me  from  the  hut,  and  then  began    to  torture  him  as 

before.  • 

They  finally  burnt  him  alive  the  next  morning,  and, 
as  I  had  baptized  him,  they  brought  all  his  members, 
one  by  one,  into  the  cabin  where  I  was.  Before  my 
eyes,  they  skinned  and  ate  the  feet  and  hands.  The 
husband  of  the  mistress  of  the  lodge  threw  at  my  feet 


■h 


v« 


f  I 

ti 


1 1^ 


>  I 


:i' 


ifii 


4    -«MM* 


120 


r  Kill  1.8     OF     TIIK 


the  virlini'Mh("ii(l,  iiixl  left  it  tlicic  a  loii^' while,  irproiich- 
inj(  luo  with  what  I  had  (hiiic,  mul  «  xilaiiiiiiifj;  :  *'  Well, 
now,  of  what  xihv  w'cif  all  thy  ciichaiitiiifiits  .' " — alliitl- 
'\\\f^  to  the  haptisin  and  prayns  which  I  had  oltcrcd  with 
him.     "  Have  ihry  rescued  him  iVom  death  t  " 

At  that  mt)m(Mit,  I  I'elt  n  deep  re<.'i('t  that  I  was  iinu- 
hle,  tVom  ififiioiam'e  of  their  laiigiia;^e,  to  sju'aU  to  them 
of  the  virtue  aud  ed'ects  of  l)a])tiMn  on  so  fair  an  oppor- 
tunity, hut  the  houi'  was  not  yet  coine.  Their  sius, 
luid,  uhi)ve  all,  their  pridi-,  present  a  f,'reat  ohstaelo 
to  the  grace  of  God,  "  who  hath  re},'ard  to  the  hnm- 
hh>,  and  looketh  at  the  proml  from  afar."  They  all 
fsteem  themselves  as  heroes  and  warriors,  and  look 
Mith  contempt  on  the  Europeans,  whom  they  consider 
as  a  vile  and  cowardly  race.  They  heliuve  themselves 
destined  to  s'dyugate  the  world.  "  Tlu^y  are  hecomo 
vain  iu  their  thou<;;hts,  and,  as  (iod  has  ahandoned 
them  to  the  tlesires  of  their  hearts,"  (Uomans  i  21,) 
your  prayers,  your  sacrifices,  and  the  prayers  of  the 
whole  soiiety,  which  is  ever  praying  for  the  conver- 
sion of  infidels,  will  he  ahle  to  induce  the  Almighty 
to  cast  a  look  of  pity  on  them,  and,  at  the  same  time, 
on  me,  esjunially  amid  the  perils  of  the  sea,  to  which 
I  am  ahout  to  he  exposed.  Be  assured  that,  sound 
or  cripple,  1  shall  ever  be,  Father,  your  unworthy  and 

humble  servant, 

FRANCI8  Joseph  Bressani. 

New  AmBtcrilam,  August  31et,  1C44. 

The  third  letter  is  written  from  the  isle  of  Rhc,  under  date  of  th» 
sixteenth  of  Xoveiuber,  of  the  same  year.  The  missionary  solicits 
prayers  to  thank  God  for  his  deliverance,  not  only  from  the  hands  of 
the  Iroquois,  but  also  from  the  fury  of  the  sea  where  they  had  met 


liilf,  n'liroiicli- 
luiiiK  :  *'  Wfllf 
•Ills.'"— ;.llii(l- 
;i(l  oH'crcd  with 
111.  (  " 

!i;it  I  was  iiiiii- 
s|)i'alv  to  tlicm 
I  fair  all  opiKir- 
'I'licir  sins, 
\r\vi\t  olwtacio 
<I  to  tilt'  lium- 
j."  'riicy  all 
ioi'H,  nnd  look 
I  tliry  consider 
fvc  thcinsi'lvt'S 
i«y  urc  become 
lias  abandoned 
Uomaiis  i  21,) 
irayciH  of  the 
or  the  eouvrr- 
the  Almif^hty 
the  name  time, 
;  sea,  to  which 
sd  that,  sound 
unworthy  and 

I  Bkessani. 


under  di\te  of  th» 
missionary  solicits 
from  the  hands  of 
ere  thev  hod  met 


ncKAN      A  NT)     WIl.nF.nXF.rtH. 


Sit 


with  tcrrilili'  utormK,  ftnd,  iimonK  otJifm  om;  oiiys  thi'  litter  f.f  the 

twcnly-Hov. nth  of  Sfiiti'r..l.ci,  whicli  wiin  friKlillul.  It   iiiMeil  more 

tlmii  twi'iily-lour  hitiirH,  find  loiiiin'llL'd  ihi-m  to  cut  nwiiy  ihi?  vl'^h^!^• 
miiHtH.    Tliiii  lie  adds  : 

'•  A  'rnikish  cursiir  iiur>ind  us  lor  srvcral  ilay« 
to>,'ctber.  My  coiuiwiiioiis  <m  liniid  wvn'  lliiKuriiofH, 
who  did  not  Tail  to  be  displruhcd  with  the  very  iiaiiie  of 
a  rapist  and  ii  .icsnit.  The  culiin  where  I  lay  had  but 
four  partitions,  and  its  size  '.'id  not  iierinit  one  to  htretcli 
out  at  full  lenf,'tb.  VVe  ran  out  of  jJi-ovisionH,  and  even 
of  water,  on  tin-  passage  ;  but,  if  you  except  the  sea- 
si<kness,  which  did  not  spart!  me,  I  Wiis  always  well, 
and,  alter  lifty-five  days  of  diilicult  navigation,  I  reached 
the  isle  of  Khe  in  the  j,Mrb  of  a  sailor,  in  better  health 
than  I  have  enjoyed  during  the  eighteen  years  afid 
more  that  I  have  l)een  in  the  Society.  I  was  (.biiged  to 
beg  alms  on  landing,  which  was  a  greater  interior  con- 
solation to  mc  than  can  be  imagined,  thank  (jod." 

I  omit  a  thous.md  other  particuiurs,  which  do  not  hclon)?  to  the 
dunx(!rs  from  the  Iroquuis,  U8  the  circumxlanri'H  of  hi»  runtiom,  the 
welcome  given  him  by  the  IJulcii,  etc. ;  but  I  cunnot  omit  here  hi* 
lust  letter  which  he  wrote  iifler  IiIh  return  to  France,  at  the  instance 
of  several  iier«ons,  perHimded  that  this  digresnion  will  afford  a  just 
•ulyect  of  edification.     It  is  an  follows: 

«'  You  have  put  me  some  questions  as  to  my  captivity 
in  the  country  of  the  Iroquois,  and  so  earnestly,  and 
adducing  such  motives,  that,  from  the  consideration  I 
owe  you,  1  cannot  decline  answering  them.  I  will  do 
it  then  with  my  usual  frankness. 

First  Question.  Why  did  the  Iroquois  maltreat  me 
11 


ii 


1. 


1 


0a 


,KII,H     OP     TMIC 


I   I 


i  f 


u 


I : 

\^ 
I'- 
ll   - 

M 


ho{  HccaiiNi!  till")'  Innkod  upon  mv,  »«  tlu-ir  fiictny,  not 
for  lu'in^  u  Muiopfuii,  for  tlwy  iiro  fri«'iulM  of  tlx^  Diilrli 
Kiiropcims  likf  oiirNclvt's  ;  liut  iMcaiiM-  \\v  air  tin- 
fiiciulM  and  i)rol»Mt(trH  of  llio  IiidiaiiH,  wlioin  we  !alior 
U>  convert,  an<l  willi  whom  llit-y  icfiiKi!  jtcaio,  wliilc  wu 
maintain  it,  to  ^ain  llicni  to  (iod.  So  that  tho  firHt 
niUNC  of  tliiH  hatred,  is  the?  faith  wiiicli  ohligrs  iis  to 
remain  united  to  our  neophytes,  even  at  tlie  peril  of 
our  hfe,  and  to  heeome  indirectly  the  enemies  of  thi; 
InxjuoiM.  '•  If  you  h)vo  our  houIh  as  mueh  as  you  nay," 
said  tiu!  Huron,  "love  our  hodies  too,  and  let  uh  form 
hut  one  nation.  Our  eneniies  Hhall  ho  yours  ;  wo  ithall 
share  th<«  sam(<  danf^ers." 

Add  to  this  the  hatred  whicli  tlio  Iroquois  have  for 
our  holy  laith,  wliich  they  call,  aiul  helicvc  to  be,  witch- 
craft. This  is  the  reason  why,  «iuito  recently,  they  pro- 
longed for  eight  days,  instead  of  one  only,  to  which 
tb'-'y  commonly  limit  it,  the  torture  of  a  ("hristian 
Indian,  who  publicly  gloried  in  his  faith.  His  namo 
was  .Joseph  Onahre  ;  he  expired  amidst  the  most  cruel 
torments. 

'Phey  especially  hold  in  horror  the  sign  of  the  cross, 
because  the  Dutch  have  made  them  believe  it  to  be  a 
real  superstition.  It  was  the  cause  of  the  death  of 
Kene  Goujiil,  the  companion  of  Father  Jogues,  and  the 
motive  that  induced  them  to  separate  from  me,  tlu;  boy 
whom  1  was  teaching  to  make  it  with  other  prayers. 

Yet  even  though  the  faith,  which  we  seek  to  int  "o- 
duce  into  these  parts  be  the  cause  of  the  hatred  and 
tortures  of  the  Iroquois,  1  could  not  have  hesitated  to 
brave  these  dangers  for  the  good  of  souls.  In  fact,  if 
we  deem  it  a  meritorious  act  to  brave  the  pestilence, 


<m'm' 


OCKAK      AN1»     Wir.ItlHNKRfl. 


Ul] 


flicir  I'lH'iny,  not 
iiiIm  of  tlir  Dull  Ik 
iis('  wi'  air  llu> 
,  wlioiii  we  liilior 

peace,  wliile  we 
80  tliiit  tlu!  lil'Nt 
ieli  oliliges  us  to 
n\  nf  tlie  peril  of 
(!  enemies  of  tin; 
Midi  aH  you  nay," 
,  and  let  iih  iDini 

yoiiiH  ;  we  i>hall 

IroqiioiN  have  for 
icvo  to  be,  witch" 
M'ently,  they  jiro- 
only,  to  which 
B  of  :i  ("hiistian 
faith.  His  iiaino 
1st  the  most  cruel 

sign  of  the  cross, 
Ix^licvc  it  to  be  a 
of  the  death  of 
r  Jogues,  and  the 
from  me,  tlu;  boy 
;)thcr  prayers. 
vc  seek  to  int'o- 
r  the  hiitred  and 
have  hesitated  to 
ouls.  In  fact,  if 
'e  the  pestilence, 


even  with  the  sole  object  of  relieving  the  l»ndy,  should 
I    nr.t   deem   myself  but   too   happy,   did   CJ'-d  Kiaiit  me 
the  grace  to  lose  my   life   in   succoring  and  converting 
Houls.      All   those  wIk.  (oine  to  Canada,  and  especially 
those  Kent  among  the    I Inn-ns,  Iik e  these  dangers;  and 
if,   from    fear  of  lro(|iioii  tonnentH,  or  other  motive,  no 
onr!   possessed  courage!    enough  for  this,  that    ill-starred 
nation   would  end   with    being    entirely    forsaken,    luul 
.leprived    of   all    siuritual    succor.      Worthy,    then,    of 
envy  are  those  who  th(;r<!  find  their  death.     To  npeuk 
the  truth,  what  consoled  me,  was  less  this  cf)iisideratioti 
than  the   thought  that  (Jod  and   obe(ii(;n«e  had   placed 
ni(!   there.      1    implor<'d   him   to   ac<epl  my  sacrifice,  as 
he  accepted   that  of  the  good  thief,  finding  myself  more 
guilty   than  that  hapj.y  crucified  one,  and  punished  like 
him,  but  for   cins  greater  than  bis.      I  <all.-d  to  mind 
the    doctrine    of  the    Council    of   Trent,    ^Session     1 4, 
chapter  !),)  which  says  that  the  accei)ting  of  sufferings, 
even  though  inevitable  and  necessary,  doth  satisfy  the 
justice  of  (lod,  and  the  chastisement  which  sins  cieserve. 
I  should  have  been   relurtant  to  answer  the  s(-cond 
question,  which   concerns  my   interior,  did  I  not  know 
that   it   is  glorious  «« to  reveal  and  confess  the  works  of 
God."     "  (fiit^rn    Pr.i  rrvhire  rl  cinifilrri,   hnnnrificum 
est,"  and  did  I  not  hope  thereby  to  c.ioperate  with  your 
devotion.     1   shall   tell  you   then,  in  all  sincerity,  what 
are  the  three  graces  and  signal  favors  whit  h  (iod  vouch- 
safed me  at  this  time.     The  first  is,  that  though  I  was 
every  moment  within  an  inch  of  death,  which  was  con- 
stantly before  my  eyes,  my  mind  always  enjoyed  the 
same  liberty,  and  1  was  able  to  do  each  action  with  due 
reflection ;  if,  then,  I  have  erred  in  anything,  it  cannot 


.J 


f ; 


lid 


124 


p r.  n 1 1. II    or   t n n 


I*  iitfrilditod  to  Inadvrrtom*;,  whidi  might  have  rrsuhctl 
from  the  wnikm'M  of  my  head,  or  tho  troiihh'  wliiclj 
fear  iiiKpir<-M,  hut  to  an  irirxcuHahU'  nialicc.  My  l)o(Iy 
wan  in  aai  nttor  hflpij'iHncsN.  I  could  HCiiircly  open 
my  hj)!*  to  Kay  Our  l-'atlur,  MhiU)  intirioily  I  uctt'd 
witli  iw  much  lilii'rty  and  facility  ft»  1  do  now. 

Tho  wcond  uract*  which  I  ohtaincd,  wan  to  prepare 
my  soul,  NO  that  it  accon.niodatcd  itwlf,  that  in  propor- 
tion to  tin-  (lantern  and  noriows  which  incrcaHod  luoiuid 
mo,  my  interior  liMpositions  "hunged,  uud  I  felt  Ichu 
horror  for  death  and  the  tire. 

The  third,  was  the  exduding  from  my  heart  even 
the  Mliglitest  feeling  of  indignation  againM  my  tortnrt!r«, 
and  the  inspiring  mc  even  with  sentiment**  of  compaii- 
sion  for  them.  I'lic  grace  was  meaHUred  hy  my  weak- 
ne«8  and  little  virtue.  I  Buid  to  my»elf,  on  seeing  them, 
"This  man  (would  to  (Jod  it  were  given  to  ii;e  to  res- 
cue him  hymy  hloodlj  will  he  far  difftMcn'ly  tormented 
in  hell,  while  I  hope  to  succeed  in  etf  "me  of  my 

sins  hy  the   slight  sufferings  I  undergo  then 

to  be  pitied,  not  I. 

1  have  tiius  answered  your  Rccond  qucstn 

Third.  I  take  up  the  third  (piestion,  whicii  is,  What 
were  my  occupations,  and  what  consolation  I  found,  or 
what  was  sent  me  from  heaven  in  my  .  miseries  ?  I  had 
formerly  relished  St.  Hernard's  paraphrase  on  these 
words  of  the  Apostle,  "  Non  sunt  amdigna  ptm'wnis," 
etc.,  and  in  that  hour  it  aflbrded  me  much  consolation. 
"  The  sufferings  of  this  life  bear  no  proportion  to  my 
past  faults,  which  God  pardons  me,  to  the  consolations 
which  he  bestows  on  me  here  below,  or  to  the  glory 
which  he  promises  me  hereafter."     Surely  my  suffer- 


OCEAW      AND      WII.DKHNKHX. 


Iff 


i^ht  have  irmiltnd 
lu;  trouble  wliich 
iilicc.  My  l)o(ly 
(1  HCiuccly  (tpi'ii 
itriioily  I  actt'd 
lo  now. 

1,  wiiM  to  prcimrc 
,  tliiit  iit  piopoi- 
iiKii'aned  iiiouiiil 
,   uud    I    fult  luNH 

I  my  lu'urt  nvcti 
iiNt  my  tortni(!iH, 
nentN  ul'  compan- 
rud  by  my  weak- 
,  on  Hceiii^  tbem, 
ven  to  n,«'  to  ith- 
icij'ly  tormontt'd 
'  -«imt'  of  my 
u  .   cheu 

uestK 

wbicii  18,  Wliat 
[ution  I  found,  or 
miseries  ?  I  bad 
iphrase  on  thuse 
ligna  paiiiiiotii.i," 
nuch  consolation, 
proportion  to  my 
)  the  consolations 
',  or  to  the  glory 
Jurely  my  suffer- 


ing were  a  mere  nothing   roinparc-d   to   no    iinmcnNo  « 
gain.      M'lmr.ntoniHm  it  Inn  tiiliiihitinni^  niinlnr. 

Yet  do  not  im^l^ine  that  I  v/m  inM-n^ililc  to  pain.  ( 
r<!lt  it  mutrly,  l»ut  I  biul  inwardly  nu<  li  strength  to  brur 
it,  tliat  I  WU8  ahtonihbcd  ul  myself,  or  rather  at  the 
adundarno  of  ^racc,  a  favor,  I  believe,  like  that  which 
David  experienced,  wlun  he  said,  In  tnliulitliinir  ilihi- 
linti  iiiilii — "  In  tribulation  thou  bant  «!ilated  my  heart." 
1  chteem  this  graie  more  l^Khly  than  that  of  my  deliv- 
oranre,  H  ile  omni  Iriiuliitiune  eripuiifti  bi«,  "  and  from 
every  tribulation  hast  tliou  reftrucd  mc." 

'Ibe  gdodiiess  of  (lod,  whom  we  have  offended,  must 
be  very  Kieat,  since  ho  is  satislied  with  hu(  h  a  tritlc  for 
a  dei)t  so  immen'je,  and  accepts  the  puinn  of  this  life, 
instead  of  the  torments  of  purgatory.  "  How  good  is 
the  (iod  of  Israel  to  the  pure  of  heart!"  and,  what  is 
greater  still,  to  the  wicked  in  heart,  (lutnn  Iwiiui 
hnifi  Di.u»  Ilia  (jui  recti  $unt  et  his  qui  iniquo  lunl 
conic. 

Vet  some  interior  pains  I  did  feel,  tliough  rot  at  the 
time  of  n»y  torture,  whi<  h  1  dreaded  nuuh  more  before 
1  sullered  lliem  than  while  I  actually  underwent  them. 
Often,  indeed,  1  found  them  more  horrid,  when  gazing 
upon  others  endure  them,  than  when  enduring  them 
myself. 

Mv  interior  puns  were  doubts  as  to  faith,  a  tempta- 
tion which  !  now  believe  common  at  the  hour  of  death, 
not  only  by  my  own  experience,  but  especially  because 
the  reason  becomes  clearer  as  each  one  dies.  Man, 
then,  seeing  himself  actually,  at  that  moment,  forsaken, 
as  it  were,  by  creatures,  can  find  consolation  only  in 
the  thought  of  God  and  a  paradise,  that  await  him. 


tl 


126 


rxRiM   or    THt 


Thrn  the  firm!,  to  trmililc  our  joy,  wcnlcm  mtr  hnpr, 
and,  til  UKo  tlio  ■('ri|itiiriil  oxproNnioti,  mingle  our  wiiio 
with  wutiT,  (riniim  linim  mixtum  fit  in/iti,)  ruiM-n 
doubta  on  nil  tlioxo  truthi<.  lint  tho  goodiimM  of  (iod, 
who  ••  hrinKfth  down  to  hidl,  and  liringctli  hark  ^^ain," 
(I  Kings  ii.  (I,) — ilnhicit  ail  in/iron  rt  rnlnrit — did  not 
fomukc  mu.  It  ■iiggeittcd  for  myNolf  the  iidvice  I  wonld 
myiclfhavo  given  another  on  «ii('li  nn  oicuMion,  and  I 
found  my  §onl  fillod  with  great  pciwe  and  tnuKiuiUity. 
I  uiftde  a  journey  of  Rovcral  niilca  one  day,  reciting 
no  other  prayer  than  tlio  Creed,  and  experienced  ho 
much  convolution,  that  this  march,  otherwiNu  painful, 
both  in  itself,  and  on  account  of  u  very  heavy  load  that 
I  carried,  seemed  to  mc  quite  short. 

As  to  my  occupations,  you  speak  either  of  interior,  of 
which  I  have  not  spoken,  or  of  exterior,  and  these  were 
given  me  by  my  torme  itors.  I  paused  a  great  part  of 
tho  day  in  their  cabins,  or  on  their  stages,  where  I  was 
a  but  for  the  iiiHults  and  railleries,  not  of  men  merely, 
but  of  children,  who  left  me  not  one  or  two  hours  even 
of  rest,  day  or  night.  The  usual  conversation  was — 
«•  Wo  will  burn  thee  ;  wo  will  eat  thee ;  I  '11  cat  u 
foot — I  tt  hand,"  etc. 

Yo'*  wish  to  know,  in  tho  fourth  place,  whether  I 
did  not  find  some  Indians  more  compassionate  towards 
me,  or  at  least  less  cruel,  than  the  others.  I  have  nc 
doubt  that  such  there  were ;  but  none  dared  give  ex- 
pression to  this  feeling  for  fear  of  contempt ;  for,  among 
them,  it  is  a  proof  of  bravery  to  torment  a  prisoner  cru- 
elly, and  a  muik  of  cowardice  to  show  compassion  for 
his  sufferings. 

One   evening,    when,   for    the  last  time,  they  were 


ifWIMMMMM 


nfnf^lc  our  wine 
'    '/'/»<',)    niiM'ii 

HIltllOVN  of    (io<l, 

(■tl>  hack  iiguin/* 
rnliirit — iliil  not 

!  luivicO   I  \V()lll<t 

ncruNioii,  and  [ 
ind  traii<iiiillity. 

10  dtiy,  reciting 
cxpi'iicnccd  no 
i(>i'>viNU  painful, 
heavy  luud  that 

•r  of  interior,  of 
,  and  these  were 

11  great  part  of 
!8,  where  I  was 
if  men  merely, 
two  hours  even 
'crsation  was — 
leo ;    I  '11  eat  a 

lace,  whether  I 
sionato  towards 
rs.  I  have  nr; 
dared  give  ex- 
ipt ;  for,  among 
u  prisojiCr  cru- 
compassion  for 

me,  they  were 


OOSAN    ANi»    wii.nrnNK"*. 


127 


hurning  the  third  fin^M.r  of  my  right  h.md.  instead  of 
.inging.  -  .l.oy  Imd..  m.-.  I  inton.-d  the  MiMren..  hut 
i,.M,  hnrrihiouvoi.e  that  1  al.um.a  thm.  hey  ull 
liMennl  with  attenri..n,  and  the  one  that  wan  hurmng 
,„..then   remitted  M.me  of  the  cruelty  ^utl^  whuh  he 

l,,.l  heg.u,  ;  yt  he  .ot.tin 1  for  fear  of  hring  laughe.l 

ttt       I  thought  n.v  la«t  hour  had  n.mo,  «(.  gn-at  wa*  the 

ex of  mv  pai.i.     I  l«'K^'n  ««  ^•^»'"'-t  «>'"'  '•'"■•'"  «'"r 

ouvrn  t..  Hufier  with  couraga,  and,  ahove  all,  hy  u  ^entl- 
m,.nt  ..f  faith,  telling  then,  that  the  hop-  of  ran.d..e 
,l..liv..rrd  nu.  from  the  tear  of  d.ath.  'Ihey  promised 
to  do  HO.  an.l  two  of  then.,  who  were  ho,,.,  atter  nrnted 
ftt  u  slow  fire  and  eaten,  kept  their  word.  I  had  heard 
their  confeHMoiiH  hi>fore  their  excd.tion. 

It  U  n  great  tor.nent  to  he  houn.l  tight  with  cords, 
.nd  I  had  not  vet  well  und.-r.tood  it,  when  n.editut- 
ing  on  the  passion  of  our  Lord.  In  thi.  position,  it 
^as  ahsolutelv  imposMhle  for  me  to  close  my  eyes,  und 
yet  thcv  left 'me  thus  the  whole  night.  At  ilayhreuk, 
1  prayed  some  one  to  ...d.h.d  me ;  if  he  percc.ved 
tint  ti.e  eycH  of  others  were  upon  him.  he  ruhculed, 
instead  of"  relieving  .ue,  so  as  not  to  draw  upon  h.m- 
self  the  reproach  of  cowardi.e,  hut,  when  he  could  do 
it  unseen,  I  was  actually  relieved. 

Certain  it  is  that,  had  they  all  hcen  cruel  to  the  same 
deg.ee  1  shoul.l  have  di.-d  of  hunger  ;  for,  not  having 
the  use  of  mv  hands,  food  had  to  be  given  to  mo. 
Many,  instead  of  putting  iuto  my  mouth  the  kmd  of 
polenta,  which  was  mV  food,  let  it  lall  on  my  breast 
or  threw  hot  coals  on  my  nkin  ;  but  others,  moved  with 
compassion,  came  and  threw  them  off  on  the  ground  and 
gave  me,  though  sparingb',  wherewith  to  maintain  hfe. 


[1 


18« 


yiKftf  nr  Till 


Till-  liiKt  qiin^tion  wn*  Ihia:  ••  Why  diit  I  not  Ulmr  Jo 
roiiilir  thiiii  inorr  hutnune  !  "  To  Mi'k  l«»  rnidir  lluiii 
mor«  Ikiimiuio  i%  fo  |iri»voki»  tlinn.  I  tnld  tlu-rii,  cnn» 
(Itiy,  thill  my  ImumU  wvrv  ton  ti^-ht,  itml  (hat  I  »hoiiia 
^  «liii  by  Ihiit  lorlurp,  niiil  not  hy  Jiic  u*  thry  thrralrnfil. 
Thn  lonxiMiiiiMue  wu»,  that  iht-y  ihrw  th«  iord»  liyhlt r. 
••  \V»||,"  K\'u\  fhf'V,  thrn  lant^hin^  at  nip,  ••  ar«'  you 
iH'lttr  oil"  now  I  "  niiikiiiK,  a»  i*  ihrir  wont,  u  ln'(|inni 
u»«»  of  hittiT  irony. 

I  havr  forKoH«'n  to  miy  that  thi-y  did  tiot  h»a»i«  mu 
in  th«'  I'viMiiiii^  till  I  «\|M(f('d  to  di«'  that  vorv  iiiKhf, 
•o  ti'chh-  did  I  ffcl  ;  y«'f,  liy  a  !i|u!(i,d  |tio\  iilciici-  of 
<itid,  no  Noonrr  ita<l  ihi-y  iiolioiind  nir  in  thu  nioin* 
ing  than  I  <  l«)«.fd  my  cyi-n,  and  dii-anit  ihit  I  wan  jut- 
iWtly  hridt'd.  Altliiingh  I  t-ndi-nvorrd  to  l)ani!th  thi« 
thought,  UK  a  trintitation  caitahlf  of  dlvi'i'lin,t{  mi'  from 
the  Military  tliought  of  death,  and,  in  ulicp,  several 
timt'n  mu(h!  tliu  retieetion  tliat  it  wm  hut  •.»  (heani,  I 
wm  unalde  to  eonvinrc  myMlfof  it,  and,  on  waking, 
examined  whether  it  wa»  rcnlly  no  or  not. 

This    thoiiKlii,  dream    thoiiglt  it   was,  wo  roiin-d  my 
couraj^c  tliat,  after  one  or  two   hoiun'  re^t,  I  f<>lt  full  of 
lif«  and  vigoi  to  Mulfer  an  1  did  thu  Hrst  day. 
Merc  ends  the  lettrr. 


I  i  ' 


\4 


'l"he  niishinnary  who  wrote  this  iottcr  can  give  still 
nnotlu-r  proof  of  the  dangers  which  beset  these  voyageg 
from  thiit  rure  of  brigands.  In  four  >(»yageH,  whi(  h 
olH'dienco  and  the  wants  of  the  mission  recinired  him  to 
make  at  diflerent  times  into  those  parts,  he  fell  in  with 
them  three  times,  and  wan  wounded  by  them  anew. 


M|pia> 


If    A«n    wn»» »»«»•»•• 


tf» 


i«!  I  not  lultor  Jo 
I  to  rrndrr  t\u-m 

told  tlinn,  niiD 
i«l  itial  t  xlioiilil 
llifV  tlirrati'tiPil. 

iiir,  ••  iir«'  you 

out,    it    tV«'(|UCIlt 

il  tint  |(<it\i>  mo 
fliat  vory  iiiKhl, 
I  |ii'o\  iilciico  of 
I  ill  tilt)  iiioiii« 
:liiit  1  wait  |icr« 
to  l)ani!tli  tlii« 
'oi'liiiff  mi>  from 

lint  H  (Ircnm,  I 

id,  oil  waking, 

lot. 

,  no  rotin-d  my 

Ht.  I  t'olt  full  of 

duy. 


'  cm  give  still 
t  tliewe  voyiigfg 
ioyuj(o«,  which 
('<iniic«l  him  to 
hi>  fell  iit  with 
hem  anew. 


Wmw^^'f  llrtMWil  m.Mr.iU,  .ml  un.kf  «h«  "****"* 
l>1IH.  rtbtt  hi*  M|.flvily  «ntl  |..r.Ui  I...I  *•  will  »••  pMtl«»««» 
mit  «  fnw  wiiriU  M  to  hto  lut-riiiwot  W«M, 

F.ih.r  l«rr.^r,i  h«.'  not.  howMT.  »l«n.U.».l  iM.Cinn.lUMn.l^i.mi 
MHf«in«<  h>«l  ime  <»Urin».l  him  ,  lh»y  .miy  Ihm.ihI  S.m  m..fr  .U.ly  U» 
i)m  tiW.I  ..f  hi.  choiM.     n»  rf.'..i.r.l  iM.nu.luiirly  t..  (;.irl.«-.  «ml, 

h,*ln«  hrrn  ,,r«.nl  .1 «  irMty  of  I"'"'  ' '"•'"'  •'"•  «'»•  ^'"'"'^1* 

,m  th«  nih  of  July,  HHA,  M-t  out  In  ih.-  full  f-r  tl.»  ll..«»  »fc«tol». 
»  Thi-ri'."  »«y«  KiUhw  IU((ii»ii«u,  th#ii  Hu|*ri..r  ..f  iM-  MU4«»i»rtM» 
th..t  co.uiiry,  "l.ir  m.itilui.'.l  hr».l.  I.i^  m»»^M  hiMul.,  hi.  Iwly  cof 
,.f,.d  *iili  wmm.l«,  f.'ml..ri..l  him,  from  lu.  v^ry  coming,  •  •'.ll.r 
unM'Uvt  ihiii  u.  nil."  \U  Tcnmiwl  h«r».  l.ilK.rii.K  wilh  M  i^.l,  till 
HUH,  wh.i.,forrm.H.tinihi.hoiifofdrin(jfr.  h.  .»t  oul  for  Qui-Uhi 
with  .1  imrl),  »ho  «tl..m|.lr.l  to  rwrh  UM>*r,  «n.l  '^mn  »  rommiml- 
eition  i»iih'thal  |.o.i.  f"r  the  lro.i.i..i«  wi-r..  ..k""'  r«*  >«•<'«  il'-  <  "'"' 
try.  AlmoU  in  •i(fl't  «'f  Ihrw  !«♦#"  «>•••>  *"' '  »"'«•'"'•'  ''>  ''• 
Mohawks  hot  the  lluroni  wrri-  pri-imnil,  nn'l  tl-p  BMttilarit.  |mMl 
l.ittfrly  for  ihi-ir  n.-hnr..,  the  who!..  Mohawk  |«.riy  ««•  t,k^n.  .ml  to 
i,|i.o«., nixl  th«  lluron^aiul  llii-ir  mi«.ion«ri..  .nifr.-d  Thrt'^  U.v«»  In 
triumi.h.  1'r.K-^p.linK  to  (iurhrr,  Fufh.r  llri«...ni  wi.,  Jo.t,|.(l  hy 
yiilh..r  (lahrii-l  Liili-mant,  the  futur*  inurtjr,  K.Uh.'r  J«nu-«  Hoiiin, 
FalhtT  A<lriai.  (Jr.'lon.  who  .li.d  in  Chino.  ...hI  I'athi-r  A.lrii.n  D.irnn, 
and  with  thf«-  procpfdr.!,  in  Augii.t,  to  the  lluro.i  .■m.nlry.     Arriv- 

1,,^,  il.ry  f. .1  th«t  th..  Irotinoi",  hoth  Mohu^V*  and  Smfcns  ha.l 

l...r.t  u|K.n  Iho  Huron  mI1,.k.'n  <U«lro)..(l  Twinmi.tnyui..  m.d  nvi>.-..."riMl 
the  inii-ioimrv.  I'ath.r  Anthony  Diinid.  'Ihr  minMonaricK  r.lli.'d  th« 
.urvivorn  ..roiMul  thwu,  hot  wliun,  in  tho  followinK  -l'""!*. '»'"  •'"""l""'* 
d,.^lro)fd  tlu-  town-  of  St.  IgniliuH  und  8t.  I.ouIm,  Imtchi-ri.K  Fatlur 
l,uU-nmnl  uiul  Futhrr  Hri"  -uf,  th<'  Huron  nation  di-pn-rd.  Father 
UrMwmi  pr.K;.'i-df<l  with  a  |«rt  to  an  i-land  o.i  I,..k.-  Hur..i,,  now  rulU-d 
Chiri'v  Mind,  hut,  tt«  »itkni'Hmind  wnnt  i.<H.n  thinni'd  thiir  rnnk»,  ha 
,l...i.,.,id.'.l  to  tiufhrc  rt«an,  in  the  fill  of  1(1  ll»,  with  a  i«rt  of  them. 
He  rtMched  hi^  de-«tiimtion,  hut  could  nrvr  return )  in  th.'  IoIIowm.k 
ic.r.  howfv.r,  he  n.'t  out  with  a  i«»ron({  jKirty  to  e.cort  to  C^uehfC  uU 
tlu'  Huroni  wlio  would  .MuiKrato  to  tho  Lower  St.  Uwrenco.  On 
the  Oiuiwu  tln-y  wen-  attacked  hy  the  Mohawk..  Father  llre«m»nl, 
who  gnvo  the  alarm,  received  three  arrow*  in  tht  head,  and  narrowly 
eicopcd  death.    The  Mohuwkn  were  entirely  routed,  nnd  Koon  after 


130 


1*  K  R 1 1,  s    or    T  II  r 


I'liflior  nrpuwni  nnd  hU  pnrty  met  tlm  lliirond  <lfwcn(lin((,  with  nil 
their  ininKioimnV*. 

Tlu"  Huron  missidn  Ijoinj?  tliiw  in  » irirnHiiro  dpRlroypd,  two  FiUliem 
nuflirrd  for  tlii'  frw  who  niirN'ivi'd,  niu!  wtllcd  iipiir  (iuclirc.  Many 
wcrp  tliiiN  uiicmploypd,  nnd  Hiirh  im  wptp  worn  <low>i  liy  toil  iirid  Nuf- 
fcrinx  wprp  Rpnt,  hnrk  to  ]''.iiro|ip.  Fiithpr  llrpNHiuii  wnH  oiip  of  Itipup. 
Ill'  upt  out  for  Frimcp  on  the  first  of  Novptnhpr,  KiriO,  nnd,  rpfovprin(? 
liiK  hpidtli  nnd  Htrcnj^th,  luhnrpd  innny  ypnrs  an  n  /calouH  iniKHioniiry 
in  the  citt"K  nnd  Iowmr  of  Itjiiy,  witli  a  miccprm  due  Ipkh  to  iiix  pjoiiiicncp 
thnn  to  ]m  iinnlity  of  a  ConfpKHor  of  JoHiiROhriHf,  liparini^tho^loriouH 
inarku  of  liis  npoKtoiatp, 

I:i  \M'.\,  ho  puhlishcd  nn  nceount  of  thp  Huron  miiKion,  of  which  n 
trimslntion  hns  rpcpntly  nppenrpd  nt  Montrpid  :  •  nnd  nt  hiNt,  full  of 
yenrs  and  nipritH,  hp  rplirpd  to  Florcnco,  and  dipd  in  the  novitiate  in 
that  city  on  the  9th  of  Septemher,  1072. 


*  Drove  Rvlationo  d'Alnuni  MiMloni.  AIn««riktn,  \VM.  Itolstinn  AbroRBO 
du  Ijurliiueii  Miiwion*  |mr  lo  llov.  Torn  F.  J.  lircaiant,  traduit  par  lo  Uor. 
Pore  Felix  Martin,  S.  J.  Monirosl,  IHriS. 


i 

f 

'(•nilin((,  with  nil 

yrd,  two  FiUlier* 

(iiu'liro.     Many 

liy  toil  iiii<!  Huf- 

waH  out!  of  ihcHP. 

• 

),  nnd,  rif  «)vprin(?                      i 

aloiiH  iniKHioriiiry 

H  to  his  cloiiiicnrc! 

1 

irin^  the  gloriouH 

ission,  of  whirh  n 

: 

(1  nt  hiMt,  full  of 
1  the  novitiate  in 


nolntion  Abroj^no 
roduit  par  lo  Iter. 


VO  Y  A  (;  E  s 


if 


REV.   FATHER   EMMANUP'.L  CRKSPEL, 
-  • »»  ■ 

(;  A  N  A  1>  A  , 

A  H  I>     H  II 

SHIPWRECK, 

WHILE  RETURNT.Va  TO  FRANCB. 

PUBLISIIKDnY 

SIEUIl    LOUIS    CIIKSPEL, 

HI8BK0TIIEB. 


raANKFOKT-ON-TIIE-MKTN. 
1742. 


1 


n  K  I)  n:  A  T  I  o  N  , 


1S3 


DKDICATION. 

To  Hi^  F.xccll«Mi.y,  Dun  f  •l.iist..|.l.f'r  (!<•  I'..it.jr;,rrfro, 
(iii/iniin  huiia,  I'.idir. .,,  i:iiii.|...z   t\v.    Alihan/a,  I'un./. 
d.!  Vill,il|i;m<!o,  Ara^.m   ami  Moiin-y  ;  Cunnt.   of   M"i.- 
tijo,   I-oi.l  of  tlic  town  of  .M.,(|ii.r  ;    Manpiis    of    Al- 
pavii,  Villanucva  del   Fr.'-iio  aii.l  f.f  M inarota  ;  Com.t 
of  FiUMiticIucna  ;    Man|iiis    of   \al<l<Ta!.aiio,  (K^ra.  an.l 
(-'aManrda  ;     l.oi.l   of    tlu'   towns    of    A'liadi,     (iiKtoi- 
daxar,    Vicilas,  Cicspa  an<l     I'alacio..  ;    (Jrand    Mai-lial 
of  (Jastil.;;  (irand    IJailli  of  Sevilk- ;    HorediUiy    (Jov- 
crnor  of  the  Castle  an<l   Fortress  of   (iuadix  ;    I'liii'!- 
pal  Captain   of  the    I'eipetnal  Company  of  a  llniidnd 
(Jentlcmen   aft  i.hed   to   tl.e    Mouse   of  CaMiie  ;  (i<-ritle- 
n>an  of   the  Cliindxr  to    His    Catholic    Majesty;    I'reM 
dent   of  the   Snprcme    Conncil   of  the    Indies;    (nand 
Ksquiro  of  the  (ine.n  ;  Knif,'ht  of  the  Illustrious  Order 
of  the  Cohlen  Fleece  ;  Cran.lee  of  Spain  ;    Ambassador 
Extraordinary  of   His  Catholic  Majesty  to  His  Imperial 
Majesty  : 

My  I><)KI), — In  prcsentinf?  the  work  to  your  Excel- 
lency, I  venture  to  assure  you  that  the  subject  is  truly 
•worthy  of  you.  The  olxjdience  and  submission  of  Abra- 
ham to  the  orders  of  Providence,  the  zeal  and  couraije 
of  Moses,  in  leading  the  Israelites  into  the  desert,  the 
patience  and  resignation  of  Job,  in  suffering  the  evils  by 
which  God  wished  to  try  him,  and — what  is  more  admi 

12 


n 


X 


I 


/ 


lU 


DEDICATTOX, 


rable— tho  vigilance,  and  especially  the  charity,  with- 
out which  St.  Paul  (Iccnicd  himself  nothing,  arc  displayed 
in  the  course  of  this  relation  which  I  present  to  Your 
Excellency. 

Can  80  many  virtues  displease  Your  Lordship,  who 
Admires  them  in  others,  and  who,  ever  disposed  to  prac- 
tise them,  merit  having  them  admired  in  yourself  ? 

This  work  belongs,  then,  to  Your  I<:xcellency,  and 
should  belong  to  no  other  I  do  my  duty  in  dedicating 
it  to  you,  and  what  jjleasurc  have  I  not  in  doing  my  duty  ? 

This  would  be  the  place,  My  Lord,  to  do  justice  to 
all  the  qualities  which  so  advantageously  distinguish 
Your  Excellency's  mind  and  heart  ;  but  I  fear  to  wound 
that  modesty  which  renders  these  qualities  still  more 
admirable. 

I  shall  content  myself,  then,  ^Fy  Lord,  with  saying, 
that  all  who  have  the  honor  to  belong  to  you,  bless 
every  insUuit  of  the  day  which  crowned  their  felicity  ia 
bringing  them  to  Your  Excellency, 

Sl'hcir  attachment  is  your  eulogy,  the  only  one  worthy 
of  men  who,  like  you,  My  Lord,  make  it  an  occupation 
to  complete  the  happiness  of  those  who  belong  to  you. 

This  is  not  all,  My  Lord.  No  one  can  know  vou 
without  gladly  paying  a  tribute  of  his  heart  and  admi- 
ration ;  the  tribute  we  cannot  but  pay  to  virtue. 

ALiyY'our  Excellency,  then,  be  ever  like  yourself; 
may  you,  for  the  glory  of  your  august  Master,  and  the 
good  of  your  country,  be  ever  in  the  ministry,  which  you 
discharge  with  so  much  distinction.  Men  like  you. 
My  Lord,  should  never  die,  and  death  could  do  nothing 
against  Your  Excellency,  if  public  desires  were  accom- 
plished. 


DEDICATION. 


18S 


i  charity,  with- 
ig,  are  displayed 
present  to  Your 

Lordship,  who 
isposed  to  prac- 
.  yourself  ? 
Excellency,  and 
'Y  in  dedicating 
doing  my  duty  ? 
to  do  justice  to 
sly  distinguish 
[  fear  to  wound 
ities  still  more 


For  myself.  My  Lord,  what  thanl<s  do  T  not  owo 
Father  Crcspcl,  my  hrotlicr,  fur  having  ciiahlcd  me  to 
tell  the  world  that  all  my  wishes  centre  in  desiring 
Your  Excellency's  preservation  ;  and  heg  you  to  accept 
the  most  profound  respect  witli  which 
I  have  the  honor  to  he,  My  Lord, 

Your  Excellency's  most  hiimhle  and 
Most  ohcdient  servant, 

Louis  CuESPEt.. 


3,  with  saying, 
g  to  you,  bless 
their  felicity  in 


uly  one  worthy 
t  an  occupation 
lelong  to  you. 
can  know  you 
cart  and  admi- 
kirtue. 

like  yourself; 
NLister,  and  the 
stry,  which  you 
Men  like  you, 
uld  do  nothing 
'.a  were  accom- 


ISO 


FDITOu'fl     PRRKACE. 


r, I) r TOR'S  prefa(;e. 


1 1 


Tiil.H  work  would  Niin-ly  ncoil  no  prtf.iri',  hiul  the 
aiiflior  iiittMidcd  it  for  pnl)lu-ation  ;  but,  uh  his  only  aim 
ill  writing  wuh  to  satiHjy  my  curiohity,  I  cannot  lorhi-ir 
giving  tho  reader  my  reasons  for  jmhlishing  it,  I  h;id 
bliown  tlio  manuscript  to  several  persons  whom  taste 
and  talent  distinguish  mpre  than  their  rank  and  birth  ; 
all  ail  vised  me  to  present  it,  assuring  mc  that  the  pid)li(; 
M'ouhl  thank  mc  for  doing  so.  My  affection  for  my 
brother,  and  my  desire  of  pleasing  the  puidic,  convinced 
me  that  I  ought  to  follow  this  counsel  ;  1  hope  my  ready 
acquiescence  will  not  be  treated  as  folly  or  blindness.  At 
all  events,  my  motives  were  laudable,  and  I  am  sure  of 
finding  favor  w  ith  those  who  do  not  seek  to  cast  ridicule 
on  men's  intentions. 

I  also  believe  that  I  should  tell  how  and  for  what 
reason  these  letters  were  written  ;  this  will  be  an  ex- 
cuse for  Father  Crespcl,  my  brother,  if  his  style  seems 
to  deser  .e  censure,  and  if  he  does  not  seem  to  enter  into 
sufficient  detail. 

I  had  long  j)ressed  him  to  tell  me  what  had  happened 
to  him  in  his  voyages  ;  for  several  months  he  resisted  ; 
but,  wearied  doubtless  with  my  frequent  importunity, 
he  sent  me,  by  one  of  my  brothers  now  in  Russia,  a 
Belation  which  I  found  too  succinct.     I  complained  of 


KniTons    rnRPACE. 


1.17 


prif.u'c,  hud  the 
t,  aM  his  only  niiii 
I  ciiiiiiot  t'orlKMr 
isliiiig  it.  I  h;i(l 
<<)iis  wliom  tiist(j 
r  milk  and  birth  ; 
le  that  thi!  pid)lic 
afJ'fction  for  my 
jiiMic,  ('oiivinffd 

I  hojjc  !uy  ready 
or  blindness.  At 
and  I  am  sure  of 
;k  to  cast  ridicule 

ow  and  for  what 
will  be  an  ex- 
his  style  seems 

icem  to  enter  into 

lat  had  happened 
nths  he  resisted  ; 
lent  importunity, 
ow  in  Russia,  a 
I  complained  of 


lii»i  indolenre  in  drawing  me  up  only  n  journal  ;  I  n^ked 
him  for  Komething  more  rircumstanfiul,  and,  to  induco 
him  not  to  rcfuite  me,  I  told  him — what  was  true — that 
many  ,u'rsons  to  whom  I  hud  re.id  his  h-ttrr,  n'i;rftted 
tliat  he  had  made  it  so  short,  and  that  they  had  licufifed 
me  to  entreat  him  to  nend  me  n  more  detailed  {{elation 
of  his  travels  in  tlx;  New  World,  and  his  shipwreck 
while  returning  to  France  ;  he  yielded  to  my  wish,  and 
during  his  stay  at  I'aderborn,  wrote  the  letters,  which  T 
pid)lish. 

It  would  be  wronging  my  brother  to  suspect  him  of 
exaggeration  in  his  narrative.  Those  by  whom  he  has 
the  honor  of  being  known,  are  aware  what  a  lover  of 
truth  he  is,  and  that  he  would  die  sooner  than  betray  or 
disguise  it  ;  moreover,  the  character  with  wliirh  he  is 
invested  docs  not  suppose  an  impostor,  and  I  can  say 
that  my  brother  has  never  rendered  himself  unworthy 
of  it.  1  -astly,  there  are  still  many  companions  of  his 
travels  and  his  shipwreck  ;  would  an  honest  man  expose 
himself  to  be  contradicted  by  one  who  underwent  the 
same  fatigues,  and  ran  the  same  dangers  ?  It  is  all  that 
oiu'  interested  in  imposing  could  do,  and  even  he 
would  KxroHi;  himself  only  tremblingly,  and  in  a  coun- 
try remote  from  all  who  could  expose  his  knavery. 

When  I  had  the  pleasure  of  seeing  my  brother  in 
this  city,  at  the  passage  of  the  French  army,  com- 
manded by  Marshal  de  Maillcboy,  I  had  no  little  trouble 
in  obtaining  his  permission  to  publish  the  letters;  they 
were  written  for  me  alone ;  and  it  is  known  that, 
among  brothers,  no  ceremony  exists.  My  proposition 
at  first  shocked  him  All  men  have  their  share  of  self- 
love  ;  they  do  not  like  to  speak  before  all  the  world 

X2» 


Ik 


188 


RiMTOH  5    ritr. fArr.. 


an  they  N|H>iik  t(»  (hrir  frirtHU;  tin*  frnr  of  finding  rrit* 
in  inakoi*  tlirtn  laiidr  with  niiirh  ninro  raif  on  workii 
intcndt'tl  lor  llii'  piililic,  and  it  in  rtMidcrinff  onn'i  Nclf 
ritniinal  in  tlirir  ryrf*  to  rxpoNC  to  ImomI  d;iy  wli;il  whh 
nittdo  only  to  Ih-  wrn  |Hivalfly.  My  Inoilin,  liow- 
cvor,  at  laht  gavo  way,  I  Nhowrd  liini  tliat  a  nuin  in 
Ilia  »tatv  ttliould  lay  aNidt-  all  Hi'li'-iovt' ;  and  I  promised 
him,  at  the  Name  tinx*,  to  make  known  iiin  rt-pngniint  n 
to  oll'tMitig  a  work  which  lie  di'«>m(<d  unworthy  of  him. 
lie  ailowt'd  nir  tiicn  to  pidiiish  hi-*  Ittliitioii,  on  my 
giving  my  word  that  I  Wiuild  neither  add  nor  retrench 
uny  I'ircuniHtance.  1  wax  tar  from  thinking  ntherwiHt* ; 
BO  that  all  may  rest  assured  tliat  all  tliey  are  ahoiit  to 
read  is  conformahle  to  the  most  exact  truth,  and  !hat  no 
one  may  alter  it  hy  imagiiu<d  additions,  or  iinpoite  on 
the  puhlic,  I  Hhall  take  care  tu  Hign  all  copieH  which 
agree  with  the  original. 


I  I 


r. 


rr, Rir.H    or    tiik    ner. an,    rxc. 


l.itt 


nr  (if  (inditi^  <rit< 
)■<'  rare  on  wui  ItM 
i<l«'rinf(  OIK!'*  M-ir 

Old  (l;iy    uililt    WilH 

ly    liiotlu'i,   liciw- 

iii   lliiir  II   iiiiiii   ill 

;  iiikI    I    proiiiihni 

n  iiin  rcpiiji^niinro 

iiiwoithy  of  liiiii, 

iit'liitioM,  on    my 

mill  nor  ret  rem  h 

inking  otlirrwJHO  ; 

tliry  air  al)oiif  fo 

truth,  anil  !liat  no 

iiH,  or   tin  pom*  on 

till  copicH  which 


CIIAI'TKU    VI. 

TOTAOM  ANi»  miii'WRrf.'ii*  or  r*Tii»;i»  kmmanhi.  rnt.nm^ 
mwioi.i.iK T  MitmuiAiir  i*  »«»»  mnn,  <ai»ai.*,  auk  tii«  wiat. 

i.KriK.K  r. 

Mv  Dkak  [Ikutiikk: — You  hiivi;  ho  long  f;vinii;d  a 
doHirc  to  know  the  dHuiJH  of  the  voyagi,-  I  fonntrly 
niiiilo  to  Canudu,  tliat  fiuriiiK  to  k'v«  y<»u  Hrnmiiln  for 
HnnpiMtinK  my  frinuKhip,  if  I  (ontinurd  to  di-dino 
fiicfding  to  your  desin-,  I  dirfcted  one  of  my  brolhiri*  to 
Hond  you  ii  relation  of  all  that  Ix-fil  mo.  You  tell  me 
that  you  liave  received  it,  imd,  at  the  wiine  time,  com- 
plain that  it  is  too  wuccinct,  and  that  ymi  would  \>f  gia«l 
to  have  it  more  detailed.  I  love  you  too  will  not  to 
make  it  a  pleasure  to  plexnc  you,  hut  I  will  divide  my 
relation  into  several  letters.  A  single  one  would  l>c  too 
long,  and  would  douhtlesH  tire  you.  'I'he  mind  docs  not 
nhvays  keep  pace  with  the  heart.  I  would  pc-haps 
become  tedious  if  I  spoke  too  long  of  other  suhject* 
than  our  friendship. 

Do  not  expect  to  find  this  relation  inistained  by  eleva- 
tion of  style,  force  of  expression,  and  varied  imagery  ; 
these  graces  of  genius  are  not  natural  to  me,  and  besides 
scarcely  suit  anything  but  fiction.  Truth  has  no  need 
of  ornament,  to  be  relished  by  those  who  really  love  it ; 


S40 


tnniin   or   tmu 


!|l 


it  w  oveii  (lifftcdli  »o  rcroguixo  it,  wbi-n  pro*rnfr<l  with 
tin-  <ln'N«  ti".iiiilly  fhrcHvn  nrounil  the  lalw  t»i  give  »* 
•omo  rfM'n»li|jy^(  (•  ri)  hn-. 

You  tinier  nMriftnlKT,  tliiit  towanN  ilie  i-Iuho  of  tlu' 
jour  l7!iJ,  I  wu«  Ntill  lit  AvcNjiPN,  in  K.iyniiUt  j  I  then 
rwcivc"!,  fcoin  my  Superior*,  i)ormii4*i()u  to  go  to  th« 
Now  World,  UN  I  had  lotig  axkcd  to  do,  iuul  iu«l('(  d,  it 
won  1  luivc  b»!(>n  it  grciit  mortification  liuti  I  Imn 
refused. 

I  »t«t  out,  thrn,  on  the  2.5th  of  Jatuuuy,  I '24  j  pnw 
iug  hy  Ciimhniy,  I  Imd  the  jdenuure  of  ffiduiiciiig  you, 
and,  oji  arriving  at  l^^ri^  took  an  olicdicnci'  ftoin  the 
Kov.  Father  Jidiau  Ouetdrou,  IVovincial  of  St.  Denis, 
on  whom  the  miMNions  of  New  France  depend. 

It  wouhl  he  uweleitH  to  »iM'uk  to  you  of  I'aris  ;  yo\i 
know  it  itetfer  than  I,  and  you  know  hy  experience  that 
it  tleservcii,  in  every  way,  to  \k  the  first  cify  in  the 
world. 

Oil  the  first  of  May,  I  started  for  JlorhclK',  which  I 
reached  on  the  ff^th  of  that  month.  I  did  not  make  a. 
hjiig  Htay  there,  for,  after  providing  ail  that  was  necessary 
for  the  voyage,  1  emharked  on  the  King's  vessel,  the 
Chumeau,  eomnmndod  by  th*.  naval  lieutenants,  di?  Tylly 
and  Mcschain. 

'i"he  '^Ifh  of  .July,  the  day  that  wc  set  i;ail,  was 
marked  l)y  the  death  of  Mr.  Kobcrl,  just  going  out  as 
Infeu'iant  of  Canada.  He  vas  a  gallant  fellow,  appar- 
ently endowi»a  with  every  quality  needed  to  fill  worthily 
the  post  confided  to  him. 

After  a  rather  pleasant  voyage  of  two  months  and  a 
half,  we  arrived  before  Quebec ;  I  remained  there  till 
1726,  and  remarked  nothing  in  particular,  Iwyond  what 


rn  prcKcntrd  with 
10   I'tiUo  to  give  ;' 

I  he  clone  of  tliu 
ll.iynitnt  j  I  t\wn 
lAidii  to  go  to  tho 
do,  ;itu|  iiidctil,  it 
■iition    liiitl  I  iKvn 

luity,  J '24  ;  pn(«ii- 
il'  «.'nil)iiiting  jcjii, 
i<'di(ii(«>  IVoiii  dm 
tial  of  St.  l)i«iu«, 
depi'iid, 

■oil  of  Piirifi  J  yo>i 
)y  cxpt'ricncc  that 
!!  first  lify  in  tho 

llochcllo,  whirh  I 
I  (lid  not  make  a 
that  W118  uet-cssary 
King's  vosxcl,  the 
Jteniints,  de  Tylly 

IPO  Bet  .ail,  was 
U8t  going  out  ns 
mt  fellow,  appar- 
led  to  fill  worthily 

wo  months  and  a 
niained  there  till 
dar,  Iwyond  what 


or  RAN      AND     Wl  I^IKNN  KRN. 


141 


lnnreUri'4  Bay,  nud  whut  you  may  rmd  i«i  their  nrrotintii. 
On  thf  17th  of  Mar<h,  in  tho  ypiir  of  my  di  partiiri* 
from  Uucbcr,  Mr.  dc  lu  ('mix  de  St.  V'uliii,  Hi-hop  of 
that  city,  r->nfi'rr<'d  tho  pririthood  on  nn»,  mid  mkui 
nftor  guvc  nil!  u  niii^ion  or  piirinh  ndh'd  SonI,  -onth  of 
the  St.  rdiwrcncc,  iM'twoi-n  Thnc  Uivrrt  unii    MiMifii'.d. 

1  wuN  tiikrn  from  my  puriih,  «linr  I  h.d  np<iit  two 
)\^urH,  to  JKH-oino  rhajiiiiin  of  a  parly  of  fo.T  himdii-^l 
Frnj'-'h,  nhom  tlw  Mur«|uin  «lf  lloauhainoi*  h.id  luiiird 
with  eight  or  nin«  hundred  huliann  of  every  kind  of 
nation.  There  were  especially,  ir<>(iu«ii«i,  Iliiront,  Nep- 
InNingti  and  Ottawan,  to  m  honi  the  Kev.  Mr,  I'ellet, 
iwcular  prif'^t,  and  Father  do  la  Hreionnierc,  Jenuit, 
»tted  a»  chaplains.  These  troopn  eon>ni.inde<l  hy  Mr. 
de  I-ignerioH,  were  eoninii'^ioned  to  go  and  de^troy  a 
nation  called  the  Foxe^,  whose  chief  village  lay  ahout 
four  liundred  and  fifty  lengueji  from  Montreal. 

We  »et  out  on  the  fith  of  June,  17;.'H,  an«l  for  nearly 
one  hundred  atid  fifty  leagues,  ancendeti  tho  great  river 
which  lu'ars  the  name  of  the  Ottawaw,  and  whiih  m  full 
of  rapids  and  portages.  We  left  it  at  Matawan,  to 
take  anotlu  r  leading  to  Lake  Nipis>ing,  or  Mipishing; 
this  river  was  thirty  leagues  long,  and,  like  the  Ottawa, 
it  ia  interrupted  hy  rapidn  and  portages.  From  this 
river  we  entered  the  lake,  which  is  ahout  eight  Icngtu-s 
wide,  and  from  this  lake,  French  lliver  (quickly  horo 
us  into  Lake  Huron,  into  which  it  empties,  after  a  rapid 
course  of  ever  thirty  leagues. 

As  it  is  impoHsihlo  for  miiny  to  go  together  on  these 
little  rivers,  it  was  agreed  that  those  who  went  first 
should  wait  for  the  others  at  the  entrance  of  Lake  Hu- 
ron, at  a  place  calkd  Laprairie,  and  which  is,  in  fact,  a 


#1 
ri 


m 


riRILR    Of    THI 


wrjr  Iwuntlftil  prairif.  Horo,  for  th«  Hrit  lime,  I  *»» 
th.'  .Irnlly  r«ttli'.«nHkr  ;  « li.-n  I  hav«  th»  plriiKiiii.  of 
■Cfii,^  jiMi,  I  •hrtll  «jH-ak  -rioro  paifiitil  iily  of  tlii-M' 
ftltimnU  }  rnoiiKli  Ih-  it  for  th«  prr«i«-ht,  t..  wtj  that  none 
of  our  party  wrro  trduhlinl  by  thorn. 

A«  wo  hutl  all  cmii!  up  hy  the  ^»Htli  of  July,  I  rclo- 
bratetl  Mum,  wliich  I  hud  tlfforrtd  till  thin,  ami  tim 
next  diiy  wo  nturtftl  lor  Mithillima,  or  MiKMllima  Kiiiar, 
which  it  M  )vmt  nituatcd  l«twct'n  I,ako»  lliiton  ainl 
Miihigon.  Although  wc  had  a  hundred  Icagut..  to 
rauko,  the  wind  wan  »o  favorablo  that  wo  rc««tla'j|  it  in 
IcM  than  lix  day».  Hero  we  remained  »n\\w  time  to 
repair  what  had  Iwen  damaged  on  the  ri\\n(U  and  pnr- 
Ugci.  I  hero  bleuM'd  the  stundardii,  and  buried  Hotno 
•oldicrn  whom  m(  knosH  or  fatigue  had  eurriod  off. 

Ou  tho  10th  of  August,  we  net  out  from  Mi.hillimak- 
inae,  and  entered  I,-.ko  Michigan.  The  wind  which 
detained  u«  there  two  day*,  enabled  our  hidiann  to  go 
to  hunt  ;  they  brought  hack  lomc  moow  nnd  reindeer, 
and  were  pidito  enough  to  offer  uh  nome.  \Vo  at  first 
oxcuHed  ourselves,  but  they  forced  iin  to  accept  their 
present,  und  told  us,  that,  us  we  had  shared  with  (hem 
the  dangero  of  the  route,  it  was  fair  that  they  should 
share  with  \i%  the  good  things  they  had  found  ;  and  that 
thoy  would  not  deem  themselves  men,  if  they  acted 
otherwise  towards  other  men.  This  speerh,  which  one 
of  our  men  translated  for  me,  quite  moved  me.  What 
humanity  in  savages !  how  many  men  in  Europe  would 
better  deserve  the  name  of  barbarian  than  these 
Americans  ! 

This  generosity  of  our  Indians  merited,  on  our  part, 
indeed,  a  lively  gratitude ,  for,  a«  we  had  met  no  good 


r^r"  - '     •  ■^"■•' 


.^.O. 


fir*!  time,  I  siiir 
«  lh»  pli'imui'i*  of 
iitiLily  of  t\\v*e 

ti)  Mil)-  that  ttotia 

of  July,  I  rc'le- 

II     tlx'tl,    lltlll   till) 

li!<»iiliiiiti  Kiiiiic, 
i\ifn  iliiiori  anil 
Ircil  loagiics  to 
wo  MMclii'il  it  in 
cl  ■iiiMo  timi'  to 
t  nipiiU  uiiil  |i(tr> 
111  l.iiiii'il  Motne 
irriinl  otF. 
)in  Midiilliiniik' 
111*  wind  which 
iir  IniiiiinH  to  ^o 
0  and  ipinili'pr, 
10.      Wo  ut  Hrst 

to  aiuvpt  tlitir 
irod  with  I  hem 
hut  thry  Hhoiild 
ound  ;  and  that 
1,  if  they  arteil 
cch,  which  ono 
ed  mc.      What 

Europe  would 
in    than    thoHO 

J,  on   our  part, 
d  met  no  good 


Se«A«    4?rn   wiM>Rft!<r.t«t 


US 


hiintin«-Kroiu»l  for  .omp  time  pa-t,  wo  had  hcin  com. 
|)olU'd  to  fut  only  pork ;  i\w  mn,»v  and  rtimUTr  th«»y 
g«vi.  UM  relieved  u«  from  the  ditgiwl  wo  wrro  U-giuniug 
to  foot  for  our  ordinary  fooil. 

On  tho  Mth  of  tlio  rnmfi  month,  wo  conlimud  our 
route  to  tho  t'hiiam.  In'ml,  «nd,  whih-  cr.HMiiK  thcmo 
to  Di-athi  a|H-,  wlii.h  i^  tlvo  UvAnnv*  oil',  a  ..juall  «ur- 
priwd  u»,  and  drove  on  ihoie  wvoral  of  the  funiK*  whieh 
f.iiled  to  douldi!  ft  point  and  roach  .helter.  'Ihi-y  wore 
diwhod  to  piece.,  and  wo  woro  ohliged  to  diMrihnto  in 
tho  other  canm-M  the  men  who,  hy  the  Kreutc.t  huppincM 
in  tlio  world,  had  all  e»eapod  iho  duiiKer. 

I'he  next  day,  wo  •  ru^wd  to  tho  Menomonee*  to 
invito  tho  tribe  to  oppo»o  our  landing  {  they  fell  into 
the  trap,  and  wore  entirely  defeated. 

Wo  encamped,  on  the  lollowiiiK  day,  at  the  mouth  of 
a  river  called  la  (JaHjiaide.  Here  our  Indians  entered 
tho  woods  mill  Hoon  hiought  in  several  deer ;  thin  game 
U  very  common  ut  thi»  place,  and  wo  accordingly  laid 
in  a  stock  for  some  days. 

Ou  the  I7th,  at  noon,  wo  halted  till  evening,  so  ai 
to  reach  the  I'onI  at  (ireen  Hay  only  at  night.  Wo 
wished  to  burpriifo  the  enemy,  whom  wo  know  to  be 
among  the  Sacs,  their  allies,  whose  village  is  near  I'ort 
St.  Francis.  We  began  our  march  in  darkness,  and  at 
midnight  reached  the  mouth  of  I'ox  river,  where  our 
lort  is  built.  As  soon  as  we  got  there,  Mr.  De  Lignerie 
■ent  some  Frenchmen  to  the  Commandant  to  know 
whether  there  were  really  u\y  of  the  enemy  in  the  Sac 
village,  and,  learning  that  there  must  be,  he  scat  all  hi« 
Indians,  and  a  detachment  of  the  French,  over  the  river 
to  surround  the  village,  and  ordered  tho  rest  of  the 


.^.^ 


■E 


144 


r E n  I T- a    of    t u  e 


If 


troops  to  enter  it.  Witli  r.ll  oTir  precautions  to  conceal 
our  approach,  the  enemy  were  aware  of  it,  and  all 
escaped  hut  four.  These  were  made  a  present  to  our 
Indians,  who,  after  amusing  themselves  with  them, 
shot  them  to  death  with  arrows, 

1  witnessed  witli  pain  this  horrilde  sight,  and  could  . 
not  reconcile  with  the  sentiments  of  the  Indians  as  ex- 
pressed a  few  days  before  the  pleasure  they  took  in  tor- 
menting these  wretches  by  making  them  undergo  a  hun- 
dred deaths  before  depriving  them  of  life.  I  woidd 
ha^'p  liked  to  ask  them  whether  they  did  not  perceive 
as  well  as  I  this  contrariety,  and  show  them  what  I  saw 
blamabic  in  their  course,  but  all  who  could  act  as  inter- 
preters for  me  were  on  the  other  side  of  the  river,  and 
I  was  obliged  to  defer  satisfying  my  curiosity  to  some 
other  time. 

After  this  little  coup  de  main,  we  ascended  Fox 
River,  which  is  full  of  rnpids,  and  has  a  course  of  thirty- 
five  or  forty  leagues.  On  the  24th  of  August,  we 
reached  the  Winnebago  village,  well  disposed  to  destroy 
all  whom  we  should  find  there,  but  their  flight  had  pre- 
ceded our  arrival,  and  all  we  could  do  was  to  burn  their 
cabins,  and  ravage  their  fields  of  Indian  corn  which 
affords  them  their  principal  nourishment. 

We  then  crossed  Little  Fox  Lake,  at  the  end  of 
which  we  encamped,  and,  the  next  day,  the  feast  of  St. 
Louis,  we  entered,  after  mass,  into  a  little  river  which 
led  us  to  a  kind  of  marsh,  on  the  bank  of  which  lies 
the  chief  village  of  those  whom  we  sought.  Their 
allies,  the  Sacs,  had  doubtless  warned  them  of  our 
approach  ;  they  did  not  think  proper  to  await  us,  and 
we  found  in  their  village  only  some  women,  of  whom 


A 


OCEAN     AND     WlLPEnNrsS. 


145 


utions  to  conceal 
e  of  it,  and  all 
a  present  to  our 
ves    with    them, 

sight,  and  couhl  . 
c  Indians  as  ex- 
thcy  took  in  tor- 
i  undergo  a  hun- 
'  Ufe.  I  woidd 
did  not  perceive 
:hem  what  I  saw 
)ukl  act  as  inter- 
)f  the  river,  and 
curiosity  to  some 

e  ascended  Fox 
course  of  thirty- 

of  August,  we 
posed  to  destroy 
r  flight  had  pre- 
ras  to  burn  their 
ian  corn  which 
t. 

,  at  the  end  of 
,  the  feast  of  St. 
ttle  river  which 
ik  of  which  lies 

sought.  Their 
1  them  of  our 
to  await  us,  and 
'omen,  of  whom 


oil r  Indians  made  slaves,  and  an  old  niiin  wliom  they 
bi.nit  at  tlic  stake,  without  any  ajjparc-nt  repugnance  at 
tl.e  c()ln^.li^^i()U  of  such  a  barbarous  ailiou.  • 

'I'liis  cruelty  seenu'd  more  marked  to  uie  than  that 
vbicU  tlicy  had  exercised  against  the  four  Indians 
whom  tlifV  hatl  takfu  in  the  Sac  town.  1  av:fili'd  niy- 
M'H'of  this  occasion  and  circumstance  to  salisly  the  curi- 
osity  which  I  iu(;ntioned  a  ni(in\cnt  ago. 

One  of  our  rrenchuicn  itudtirstood  the  Iroquois 
language.  I  begged  him  to  tell  the  Indians  tliat  I 
was  surprised  to  see  them  take  so  niucli  ])lcasurc  in 
tormenting  a  wretched  old  man,  tliat  the  right  of  war 
did  not  extend  so  far,  and  tliat  such  barbarity  seemed 
to  me  to  belie  the  principles  which  tlu>y  had  secnunl 
to  entertain  for  all  men.  An  Iroquois  answered, 
and,  to  justify  his  comrades,  said  that,  when  they  fell 
into  the  bands  of  the  Sacs  and  Foxes,  they  received 
still  more  cruel  treatment,  and  that  it  was  tlicir  cus- 
tom to  treat  their  enemies  as  they  themselves  would 
be  treated  if  conquered. 

I  would  have  wished  to  know  this  Indian's  language 
to  show  him  myself  what  was  defective  and  blamable  in 
his  reasoning  ;  but  I  bad  to  content  myself  with  repre- 
senting to  him  that  nature,  and  particularly  religion, 
required  us  to  be  humane  to  each  other  ;  that  modera- 
tion should  direct  us  in  every  thing  ;  that  the  pardon 
and  oblivion  of  injuries  done  us  is  a  virtue  whose  prac- 
tice is  ex])ressly  enjoined  by  Heaven  ;  that  I  conceived 
that  they  ought  not  to  spare  the  Sacs  and  Foxes,  but 
that  they  should  deprive  them  of  life  only  as  rebels  and 
enemies  of  the  State,  and  not  as  tl.-ir  private  enemies  ; 
that  their  vengeance  was  criminal ;  that  to  descend  to 

13 


A 


lie 


PERILS     OF     THE 


\\' 


BUcU  exccRscs  as  those  into  wliich  tlicv  luul  fallen  with 
regard  to  the  five  men  whoso  lives  they  had  inhumanly 
prolonged  in  order  to  put  them  to  death  in  moie  cruel 
torments  was,  in  some  sort,  to  justify  the  l)arl)arity  with 
vhith  they  reproached  their  enemies  ;  that  the  right  of 
■war  simply  permitted  us  to  take  an  enemy's  life,  and 
not,  so  to  say,  to  hecome  drunk  in  his  blood,  and  to 
plunge  him  into  despair,  by  putting  him  to  death  in 
any  way  hut  that  of  arms,  or  in  any  place  hut  that  of 
the  combat  ;  lastly,  that  it  was  their  duty  to  give  the 
Sacs  and  Foxes  an  example  of  that  moderation  which  is 
the  part  of  a  good  heart,  and  which  draws  admiration 
and  love  on  the  Christian  religion,  and  consequently  on 
those  who  profess  it. 

I  do  not  know  whether  my  interpreter  translated  all 
that  I  have  just  said,  but  the  Indian  would  never  admit 
that  he  acted  on  a  false  principle  ;  I  was  going  to  give 
him  some  further  reasons  when  the  order  was  given  to 
advance  against  the  enemy's  last  fort.  This  post  is  sit- 
uated on  the  banks  of  a  little  river,  which  joins  an- 
other called  Wisconsin,  and  falls  into  the  Mississippi, 
thirty  leagues  off. 

Wc  found  no  one  there,  and,  as  we  had  no  orders  to 
go  further,  we  spent  some  days  in  laying  the  country 
•waste,  so  as  to  cut  off  from  the  enemy  all  means  of  sub- 
sistence. This  country  is  fine  enough :  the  soil  is  fer- 
tile, game  common,  and  of  good  flavor  ;  the  nights  are 
very  cold,  and  the  day  extremely  hot.  I  will  speak 
to  you,  in  my  second  letter,  of  my  return  to  Mont- 
real, and  of  what  happened  down  to  my  departure  for 
France.  I  wish  first  to  hear  from  you,  and  learn 
whether  you  find  this  sufiiciently  detailed.     The  sequel 


lol 


y  had  fallen  with 
cy  hud  inhiiinaiily 
[■ath  In  iiioif  cniol 
flir  l)arl)arity  with 
;  that  the  right  of 
enemy's  life,  and 
his  blood,  and  to 
g  him  to  dcatli  in 
■  place  hut  that  of 
duty  to  give  the 
oderation  which  is 
draws  admiration 
d  consequently  on 

retcr  translated  all 
ivould  never  admit 
was  going  to  give 
rder  was  given  to 
This  post  is  sit- 
r,  which  joins  an- 
0   the  Mississippi, 

c  had  no  orders  to 
laying  the  country 
y  all  means  of  sub- 
jh  ;  the  soil  is  fer- 
or  ;  the  nights  arc 
liot.  I  will  speak 
r  return  to  Mont- 
3  my  departure  for 
n  you,  and  learn 
died.     The  sequel 


OCEAN      ANT)     WII.DKRNESH, 


in 


of  my  relation  will  depend  on  your  answer,  and  T  shall 
omit  nothing  to  prove  the  tender  friendship  with  which 
I  am,  dear  brother,  your  afiectionate  brother, 

Kmmantei-  Chksi'EL,  Recoiled. 

Pailcrborn,  January  Ifltli,  \'i'i. 


I,ETTF,H  U. 

My  dear  Buother,— Nothing  can  be  more  flattering 
to  my  self-love  than  your  answer.  My  first  letter,  you 
sav,  has  satisfied  many  intelligent  persons  to  whom  you 
showed  it,  and  excited  their  curiosity  to  such  a  degree 
that  they  arc  extremely  impatient  to  see  the  rest  of  my 
travels.  This  desire,  of  which  1  feel  all  the  advantage, 
might  injure  me  if  1  delayed  to  gratify  it.  Things  too 
long  expected  lose  their  value,  and  no  one  should  fear 
this  more  than  myself.  _ 

After  the  expedition  of  which  I  have  spoken,  if,  ni- 
deed,  we  can  give  that  name  to  an  absolutely  useless 
step,  wc  resumed  the  route  for  Montreal,  from  which 
city  we  were  about  four  hundred  and  fifty  leagues  dis- 
tant. On  our  way,  we  burnt  the  fort  at  the  bay,  because, 
being  too  near  the  enemy,  it  would  not  have  been  a 
safe  retreat  to  the  French  left  on  guard  there.  The 
Foxes,  roused  by  the  ravage  of  their  country,  and  con- 
vinced that  we  would  not  venture  a  second  time  into 
their  territory  in  the  uncertainty  of  finding  them,  would 
have  obliged  our  troops  to  shut  themselves  up  in  the 
fort,  would  have  attacked,  and  perhaps  beaten  them 
there.       When  we     were   at    Micheilleraakinak,   the 


A 


148 


PERIT.H     OF     TIIK 


f^ 


commiuidant  gave  a  cnrto-blunclic  to  all.  Wo  had  still 
three  huiHJicd  leagues  to  go,  and  we  slioidd  uiidouht- 
edly  have  run  out  ol'  jjiovisions,  if  wc  had  not  u>ed 
every  eli'oit  to  exjiedite  our  nu)veiuents.  The  wind 
fivored  us  in  passing  Lake  Huron,  hut  we  iiad  ahnost  eou- 
btaiit  rain  while  aiscendiug  French  river,  travel  sing  Lake 
NipiNsing,  and  on  the  little  river  Matawan  ;  it  stojiiu'd 
MJuMi  w«!  entered  tlu<  Ottawa,  I  eaiiuot  express  the 
lajmHty  w ith  w liith  we  descended  that  great  river ; 
iniigination  alone  can  I'orm  a  just  idea.  As  I  was  with 
men  whom  exjierience  had  rendered  skillul  in  shooting 
the  rapids,  I  was  not  among  the  last  at  Montreal, 
w  iiich  1  reached  on  the  ^*Hth  of  Septend)cr,  and  left 
only  in  the  spring,  in  ohedientc  to  an  order  given  me 
to  descend  to  (iuehec. 

1  had  no  sooner  arrived  in  that  city  than  our  commis- 
sary appointed  me  to  the  post  of  Niagara,  a  new  estab- 
lishment, with  a  fortres-s  situated  at  the  entrance  of  a 
heautiful  river  that  bears  the  same  name,  and  which 
is  formed  by  the  famous  falls  of  Niagara,  south  of 
]-ake  Ontario^and  six  leagues  from  our  fort.  1  accord- 
ingly again'bent  my  way  to  Montreal,  and  thence  passed 
to  Fronteuac  or  Catarakouy,  whidi  is  a  fort  built 
at  the  eatraiice  of  Luke  Ontario.  Although  it  is  only 
eighty  leagues  from  ^lontreal,  we  were  fifteen  days  in 
real liing  it  on  account  of  the  rapids  we  had  to  pass. 
'J'iie. e  we  waited  some  time  for  favorable  winds ;  for, 
at  this  place,  we  leave  the  canoes  to  take  a  vessel  which 
the  king  has  had  built  expressly  to  run  to  Niagara. 
This  vessel,  which  gauges  about  Qighty  tons,  is  very 
light,  and  sometimes  makes  her  trip,  which  is  seventy 
leagues,  in  less  than  thirty-six  hours.     The  lake  is  very 


r  s 

1 


OCBAN     ANn     WIT-DKUN  ESS, 


119 


nil.     Wc  had  still 

'  slioiild  uii(l()iil)t- 
Mf  liiid  not  Used 
iciits.  'I'lic  wind 
iVi!  iiad  almost  con- 
•r,  tnivcisinj^  hake 
tawaii  ;  it  stDjijicd 
iiinot  oxprc'^.s  tlic 
that  great  livcr  ; 
11.  As  I  WM  uith 
ikill'iil  ill  shooting 
last  at  Montii'.il, 
ptfiuher,  and  left 
11  Older  gi\ en  ine 

than  our  eomniis- 
;aia,  a  new  estah- 
the  entrance  of  a 
name,  and  whiih 
Niagara,  south  of 
r  fort.  1  accord- 
iuul  thence  passed 
1  is  11  fort  huilt 
though  it  is  only 
re  fifteen  days  in 

wc  had  to  pass, 
lable  -winds;  for, 
ke  a  vessel  which 

run  to  Niagara, 
ity  tons,  is  very 
which  is  seventy 

The  lake  is  very 


safe,  free  from  shoals,  and  very  deep ;  ahout  the  middle 
I  sounded  with  nearly  a  hundred  falhonin  of  line,  hut 
could  not  touch  Inttom  ;  its  width  is  aliout  tliirty 
leagues,  and  its  length  ninety. 

We  set  sail  the  iilM  of  July,  and  readied  our  post  on 
the  morning  of  the  ;!7th.  1  found  the  spot  very  iigrre- 
ahle,  the  diase  and  fishery  are  i)ro(luctive,  the  forest  of 
extreme  heauty  and  full,  especially  of  walnut,  chestmit, 
oak,  elm  and  mai)le,  such  as   we   never  see  in  Fnuice. 

The  f"ver  soon  damped  the  pleasure  we  enjoyed  at 
Magara,  and  troulded  us  till  fall  set  in,  which  dissipated 
the  unhealthy  iiir.  We  spent  the  winter  calmly  enough, 
1  may  say  agreeably,  had  not  the  vessel,  which  should 
huvo  brought  us  supplies,  been  compelled,  after  stand- 
ing a  terrible  tempest  on  the  hike,  to  i)ut  back  to  Fron- 
tenac,  and  left  us  under  the  necessity  of  drinking 
nothing  hut  water. 

As  the  season  was  far  advanced,  it  did  not  venture 
to  set  sail  again,  and  we  got  our  supplies  only  on  the 

first  of  May. 

From  isiartinmas  the  failure  of  wine  prevented  my 
saying  Mass,  hut,  as  soon  as  the  vessel  got  in,  the  garri- 
son went  to  their  Faster  duties,  and  I  started  for  Detroit 
on  the  invitation  of  a  ri^igious  of  my  order,  who  was 
missionary  there.  It  is  a  hundred  leagues  from  Niagara 
to  this  post,  which  is  situated  six  leagues  from  the  rn- 
trance  of  a  very  beautiful  river,  about  filteen  leagues 
from  the  extremity  of  Lake  Frie. 

This  lake,  which  may  be  a  hundred  leagues  long,  and 

some  thirty  wide,  is   very  flat,  and  consecpicntly  bad 

when  the  wind  is  high  ;  towards  *^".  north,  above  the 

Great  Point  d'  Ecorres,  it  is  bounded  by  very  high  sand 

18» 


150 


P  E  n  I  L  S     U  F     THE 


if 


n 


hills ;  BO  that,  if  surprised  by  tlic  winds  in  portions 
where  there  is  no  landing-pliico,  and  those  nro  only 
every  three  lengiies,  experience  has  shown  that  the 
vessel  nmst  inl;illii)ly  he  lost. 

I  arrived  at  Detroit  on  the  ITth  day  after  my  depart- 
ure ;  the  religious  whom  I  went  to  visit,  (Father  llona- 
vcnture,)  received  mo  in  a  manner  which  wonderfully 
churucterized  the  pleasure  we  usually  feel  on  finding  a 
countryman  in  a  far  (ountry  ;  add  to  this,  Me  were  of 
the  same  order,  and  the  same  motive  had  led  us  from 
our  native  land.  I  was,  therefore,  dear  to  him,  for 
more  reasons  than  one,  and  he  neglected  nothing  to 
show  me  how  jjjeased  he  was  with  n\y  visit.  I  le  was  a 
man  a  little  older  than  myself,  and  highly  esteemed  for 
the  success  of  his  ajiostolic  labors.  His  house  was 
agreeable  and  commodious  ;  it  was,  so  to  speak,  his  own 
work,  and  the  abode  of  virtues. 

The  time  not  employed  in  the  duties  of  his  office,  he 
divided  l>etweeu  study  and  the  labors  of  the  field  ;  he 
had  some  books  and  the  selection  he  had  made  gave 
some  idea  of  Ids  jjurity  of  life  and  extensive  knowledge. 
The  language  of  the  country  was  quite  fanuliar  to  him, 
and  the  ease  with  which  he  spoke  it,  endeared  him  to 
many  Indians  who  communicated  to  him  their  reflections 
on  all  sorts  of  matters,  and  especially  on  religion. 
Affability  wins  confidence,  and  no  one  deserved  it  more 
than  this  religious. 

He  had  carried  his  complaisance  towards  some  of  the 
people  of  Detroit,  so  far  as  to  teach  them  French. 
Among  these,  I  found  several  whose  good  sense,  solid 
and  profound  judgment,  would  have  made  them  admi- 
rable men,  even  in  France,  had  their  minds  been  culti- 


■     MjHI>»'*'"II-CI'.|-— 


OCEAN      AND     Wn.DEUNESS, 


151 


wUuh  in  portions 

fl   thrso  nrc  only 

whoMn    tliat    tlie 

aftor  my  (Icpait- 
lit,  (Father  llona- 
liicli  wondrrfiilly 

feel  on  finding  a 
>  this,  Avo  were  of 

•  had  h'd  us  (Voni 
dear  to  him,  lor 
?cte(l   nothing  to 

visit.      I  lo  was  a 

fhiy  esteemed  for 

His    house   was 

to  Bjieak,  liis  own 

1  of  his  oflico,  he 

of  the  fiehl ;  he 

3  laid  made  gave 

iisive  knowledge. 

•  familiar  to  him, 
endeared  him  to 

n  their  reflections 
lly  on  religion, 
deserved  it  more 

iirds  some  of  the 
h  them  French, 
^ood  sense,  solid 
nade  them  udmi> 
iiinds  been  culti- 


vatcd  hv  «tu<lv.  During  the  whole  tunc  T  .pent -th 
I  rcligions.'l  found  daily  new  rensonn  to  envy  hnn  a 
tluuehi..     In   one   word,  he   was  as  happy  a.  men 

should  he  not  to  hlush  at  their  happ.ness 

Vfterdoing.atDctroit.vvhuthadledmetlutherl 

rcu.rned  to  N^.g.r«,  and  remained  there  two  >.ars  mo  e 

a,„.ing  this  tin.  I  lcarne.l  the  Iro.juo.s  and  (    t  ..  h  n 

in  order  to  converse  with  the  people.  iUis 
S It  ;r  liLded  me  the  pleasure  of  conversing 
:;;^he  Indians,  .hen  I. ent  to  walk  nUhene.g^^^^ 
l,,„a  of  the  po.t .  in  the  sequel  you  «dl  see  that  U  vas 
of  great  use  to  n.e,  and  actually  saved  my  hU'. 

When   mv  three  years' residence  ut  N.agara  had  ex- 
,,i,,a,  1  was  relieved  according  to  custom,  and  went  to 
Lend  the  winter  in  our  convent  at  (Juebcc. 
Tlasagreat  comfort  for  me  to  pass  that  ngorou 
season   tlJ;  if  -had   not  vvlKU  is   superHuou.^ 
least  we  never  wanted  what  is  necessary,  .md,  what  is 
rthe  least  c.msolation,  we  receive  news  fron.  home, 
and  have  persons  to  converse  with. 

iX  L  .ho  .pn..g,  .l>cd,al.lai„of  Fo,.  F,o,..te„.o 

fell  Jk  ami  ""'  €ommi.«ary  a,.pom.c<l  n,o  ,o  go  and 

lo    .i,  Vl»'c.     1  Lave  already  spok™  "    "-  '■•7'°" 

„     1,1,  poll ;  -0  live  aRrceaWy  there,  and  game  >.  found 

°n  Ibnndancc   in  the  mar.he„  by  which  Fort  Fron.cnac 

•     '  r::::"  1u.re  .my  ..„  yc..,  .ho„  1  w.«  «ea,lcd 
,„  Montreal,  and  soon  after  sent  ,0  Crown  IW  m  Lak 
Champlaln.     It  will  not  ho  an>iss,  I  tlnnk,  to  tell  >on 
thy  tin.  point  hear,  the  name  of  Crown  or  Scalp 
When  the  Indians  kill  any  one  on  their  eyd.t.ons,  it 
U  their  cnstom  .0  take  olf  his  scalp,  whuh  they  bnng 


I 


mt 


J' Kit  11. t«    OK    riiK 


f« 


in  OH  lop  „f  ,1  polp,  ,„  p,.„v,.  thiit  til.  V  Imvc  .l..f..«t..,! 
f  I..-  ni.'iny.  Tin.  , rrrmony,  or,  if  y..u  like,  tliin  n,M..in, 
1h-K'«m  oil  tliiH  poiiif,  alln-  a  kiiiil  of  ,,„„ImI.  in  » |,i,.|, 
iMuiiy  (iKli.iiiH  loHt  !hi'ir  «c«lpH,  ul.id,  gav..  muw  to  (|,u 
plitir  wlicrc  flit-  \wtt\v  wim  foiiKlit. 

I.lkr  Clllllliplai,,    is   snllM-   filly-fiv.-    I.Mtril.H    lon^r  ;     ii    is 

Hliid.lnl  «ith  very  luN.utif,,!  i>|ai„I.,  ni..!  il.  u;,t,.r,  u|,i,  1, 
iM  very  jmiT,  iii,.kcH  it.  alioniid  in  |i,s|,.  'I  )„.  H„f  „|,i,  \^ 
we  lia\»'  ill  fliis  place,  l».a,s  tli.-  name  ..f  St.    Vmlvnr  ; 

its  Mliialioi.  in  j.dxantaKcuus,  for  it  is  In.ilt  on  i Irvalcd 

point  al.ont  (iltecu  h-^^nvs  distant,  imitlinly  fVon,  iIm, 
«'Ntivmi.>  .-ftlu-lakc.;  it  is  the  luy  of  tl„.  ndonv  .„, 
tliit  side,  tl.uf  \h  to  hay,  on  tlu,.  hid,.  ..f  llu,.  i;nj;iisl.,\vl,o 
an-  only  twciily  or  (liirty  Icamic.-i  ofi; 

I  arrived  tliere,  on  the  Htli  of  Xoveii.her,  1T;J.-,. 
'I'lie  reason,  whirh  lief^an  to  he  severe,  multiplied  the 
.hlluullies  of  onr  way;  it  is  one  of  the  most  painlnl  1 
ever  made  in  Canada,  if  I  exccjit  my  hhip«reek,  an  you 
may  jndxi'. 

'I"he    day   of  my   departure    from    Chanihlv,    a    ,)ost 
ahout  forty    leagues  Iron,  St.  J'rederie,  we  uere  ohliged 
to    .sleep  out,  ami  durinjr  the  ni-ht  ahout  a  foot  of  si'.ovv 
it'll.     The   winter  continued  as  it  ,vt  in,  and,  although 
M..  were  lod^red.  we  did  not  suifer  loss  than  if  ^yv  were 
in  the   open   tields.     The   huildin-   where  th.^v  put  us 
was  not   yet   lini>hed  ;  wc  were  only  ,,a.tiallv  sheltered 
Ironi   the   rain,  and   the   walls,  which   wen>  twelve  lirt 
thick,  having  been  finished  only  a  few  days,  added  still 
more  to  our  troubles  which  the  snow  and"  rain  gave  us. 
Many  of  our  soldiers   were   seized    with     scurvy,    aiul 
our   eyes   became  so  sore,  that  wo  were  afraid  of  losiriff 
our  sight  without  resource.     We  were  not  better  fed 


II 


rfiiTii  ,]|iiMi».'nti  ^«ln■»LJ».wl^^^l^^^y^a^ 


OCKAN      AM»      WII.nKllVKH!*. 


V,:\ 


lu'V  June  {|j'fc)it,.(| 

1  like,  this  i  UNtom, 

«'.»iiil)at,  in  «  Iii(  li 

g4V(>  iiaiiif  lit  tilt' 

'■,\if\WH  Itiii^r  ;    it  is 

•  I  ilM  Milter,  Mliii  li 

'I  I'f  I'lut  uhiili 
••r  St.  Frcdn  ic  ; 
lilt  (III  nil  I'll  Niiii  (I 

•  illinly  iVdiii  tlio 
'I  (lie  (t)lohy  1)11 
lilt;  i;iij;lisli,  who 

S'ovniiljcr,  ITiJ.i. 
«•,  iiuiltijiiicd  tiu! 
'  iiiDNt  iwiiilul  I 
liip«it;ck,  UN  you 

liiiniliiy,    a    post 
wp  uiic  ol)lig((l 
It  a  foot  of  Miovv 
II,  aiMi,  allli()iii,'li 
linn  if  Mf  wci-o 
fit;   flicy  j,iit  )ig 
itially  slicltcicd 
Ai'H!  fwolvc  I'cct 
luy.s,  added  htill 
id  rain  gave  iis. 
1     scurvy,    and 
aiVaid  of  lo.sjnj' 
;  not  better  fed 


than  U\'4,',\.  Scarcely  ran  you  find  n  (vw  pafiid^.-M 
niMr  tlie  I'Mit,  i.nd,  to  eat  venison,  you  must  K"  >"  '"•<«; 
(ieurp*  t<»  lind  it,  and  tliiit  i-.  M-ven  or  eiKl.t  leaKm'"  «<'". 
We  liniNlieil  oiir  ljuildin«H  an  noon  at  tin-  M-aM.M  Mould 
jHiiiiit,  l.iit  we  pierenrd  to  ramp  out  in  Mimri^rr,  rather 
than  remain  any  longer. 

Vet  we  were  not  more  at  ea^e,  for  the  fever  Mirprixcd 
lis   all,  and    not  one   of  us   <oiild  enj(.y  the  pleasiucH  of 

tho  eoiiiilry. 

Tl.li  hfate,  I  nvow,  bcKun  to  he  todloiis,  when,  towards 
the  month  of  AugUHt,  I  received  from  my  provincial, 
a,i  „l„.,li,.n(  e  to  return  to  France.  'I'he  leliKioun  w  horn 
our  Comini-^ary  M-nt  to  relieve  me,  watt  of  our  provincf, 
and  l'.;ter  \'er<iiiaille  hy  nanu-  ;  he  arrived  on  the  '~'Ut 
of  Septeinher,  I'm,  at  St.  I'rederic,  and  I  ^et  out  tho 
name  day  at  four  or  five  o\Uh  k  in  the  afternoon. 

The  next  day,  we  had  a  favorable  win<l,  which  drove 

118  on  to  I -a  Tointe,  alx.ut  eight  leagues  from  Chambly. 

On    the    ;.';J(1,  «e   were  well-nigh  lost  in  shooting  the 

St.  Teresa  rapids  ;  this  was  the  last  danger  I  ran   before 

reaching   Quebec,  wlwre    I  e.vpec  ud  to  endiark  at  once 

for  I'raiKe. 

Such,  my  dear  brother,  is  a  brief  account  of  my 
travels  in  ii  pari  of  NfW  France.  'I'hose  who  have 
travelled  in  that  country  can  sec  that  I  know  the 
ground,  and,  in  this,  I  have  endeavored  to  be  accurate. 
The  relations  of  many  travellers  tell  us  a  thousand 
things  whi(  h  I  coidd  only  repeat  after  them  ;  in  writing 
my  travels,  my  design  was  only  to  detail  the  shipwreck  I 
Mittered  on  my  way  back  to  France.  'Ihe  circumMnnees 
attending  it  are  most  interesting  ;  prepare  your  heart 
for  emotion  and  sadness ;  what  remains  for  me  to  write 


154 


ti.ii    Of    run 


will  rxHn?  your  nir»<»«fly  only  hy  Ih  ightciiinff  your 
«<mipiii»f.i«m  ;  (hi  nof  hlmU  at  \iuht\f(\nfi  in  If,  <lri«r 
biotluT  J  a  rmlili-  hnut  it  rviT  i.t'n>.iltlc  fo  tlu«  ini'.forHrfii  h 
of  tiflu'iK  ;  lie  mIhi  wiiiiM  Iio  iiiitnimi)  liy  tin-  iiii>-rti(<M 
of  ItiH  bictliini,  lutirx,  ho  td  Kpiiik,  a  hlaiiip  of  irprolMi- 
tjun  which  jiutly  cuIh  liini  o/f  from  lniniiiii  h<t. i.  ty. 

I  shall  wiito  you  «oiiic  wei-kw  Iu'Jkc  ;  do  imt  niiKVirr 
this  UN  I  niiittt  go  hDUic  Icit^riicH  fmm  fhi^  town,  your 
kttur  Itiij^hf  iKi'   rem  li  mr.  and  I  ili>  not   wish  fo  li*k  its 

Do  not  1m»  iiuputit'iif  for  my  thii.l,  1  stiall  \vrit«<  Komo 
piiKm  <-v«Ty  ilav  j  rely  on  my  word,  und  hilicvn  that  I 
•hall  1m«,  for  lift', 

My  Attox  biothrr,  your  afliTtioiiato  hrothrr, 

Kmmaniel  Crksi'ki.,  Ikrolhct. 

Padurbiim,  JtnUArjr  30,  17i2. 


id 


(I 


I  KTTKU   III. 

My  X)v.K\i  Hii()Tm.u:_It  is  not  a  fortnight  since  I 
sent  you  my  Mccond  letter  ;  you  must  sro,  by  my  dili- 
genci«  in  writiujr  the  third,  that  I  do  not  -vi^h  to  keep 
you  waitinj?  f(u'  the  Hpqucl  of  my  narrufive.  If  I  were 
master  of  all  inv  tinje,  my  Irtters  would  be  longer  and 
more  fre<|ii(iit  ;  but  duty  must  be  preferred  to  all  else, 
and  1  tan  only  afford  you  the  hours  not  taken  up  by 
the  indispensable  duties  of  my  state 

I  remained  some  time  at  (iuebec,  awaiting  an  oppor- 
tunity to  retuiu  to  France;  two  offered  at  once ;  the 
first  in  the  king's  vessel,  Le  IKtos,  of  which  I  did  not 


•  $ 


©CRAJI     AHI»     W!l.nnm»«»i. 


Uft 


( iKlitciiin^  your 
iiiK  in  it,  ilrmr 
» tlu«  ini«riirtitni'!( 
I  liy  tlic  irii>rti«>M 
amp  of  i't-|ii'oltii> 
mini  (locirlv, 
;  do  iKit  iitmwrr 
flii^  fowti,  yolir 
wish  fp  rixk  it)» 

<iiiill  xMJtr  Homo 
1(1  hclirvo  thiit  t 

to  hroflipr, 
Ki.,  lUcoltect. 


ortriiKht  ginre  I 
sec,  by  «riy  dili- 
ot  nihil  to  kc<'|) 
ivc.  If  I  woro 
l1  be  loiij^or  and 
■ntd  to  nil  oisc, 
lot  taken  up  bv 

litiiig  an  uppor- 
[•d  at  once  ;  the 
fthicli  I  did  not 


Kvail  mywlf  5  the  (rthiT  wa*  niXvnA  m.^  hy  lUr  Sinir  d* 
VivwHW,  «  Cunadiiin  n\mmn  l'i..m  tht-  ik'^.I.-  ra.i.ily  nf 
ihfil'Amoiir.;  th«  frinid.liip  tliat  .xi.t.  ill..  ?«'••»  "^ 
ind-K.d    uw  to   urn.pt   bin   ..If.  I    wi'b   pUa-Mi.'.  and    I 

could  not  iTliuu  Ids  m|'«''»'  <*'"»  *  "'""•''^  "'"*  ""  **"''•■ 
lain.  \U'  wui.  ft  vi-ry  Hm-  man,  wb..m  an  o\i>i»ninf«'  vf 
forly-MA  y«ar*  ha.l  ri-ndcifd  nioM  .kiU'id  in  naviualion  } 
undMcHKri.  IVaiid,  'iKMiHurnH  of  I'n.nrr,  and  4iipiHM 
nt  Ifo.  Iirll.',  had  tbouKbl  it  lnipo.^iblr  to  ( .Milidn  tluif 
^hip  I. a  K.uonm..'.',  to  Inttor  liandH.  It  wan  »  new  vc-». 
wl,  a  Kood  HHil.r,  .onv.  i.iint,  with  ii  nuKo  of  thrt-o 
Imndifd  tons  and  uruic.l  with  f..uttr<M.  pic  os  of  cannon. 
Scvtrid  Kcntlftnon.  for«Tuntv  and  pUuMiM',  a4' d  to 
go  with  UH,  m.  that  wo  wrr«-  tilty-foiir  tin  thti  vr»M'l, 

Wo  wiighc'd  anchor  and  net  tuil  on  the  third  of 
Novemhci,  with  srveral  other  vosm-Ih,  and  w«'  all 
an.hort-d  t,..«fthcr  at  Trou  St.  I'atrir,..  three  hniKue. 
from  (Ju<>br<'. 

Thu  nrxt  day  we  made  thejraverw,  thut  i«  to  i»ay, 
we  crossed  the  St.  Lawrence;  from  ^outh  to  north,  and 
the  mime  day  wo  rca<hed  the  ei.d  of  Mr  ().h'an«,  luno 
mil.-s  from  (i.K'hoc.  and  an(  bored  off  (ape  .M:.illarti. 

On  the  oth,  we  hoisted  Kiil  to  pass  the  (ioiiHVe,  but 
wo  were  unable  to  do  eo  on  tluit  day,  and  were  com- 
pelled  to  put  back  to  the  spot  from  which  we  had  started, 
to  avoid  being  carried  away  by  the  cunrnt,  whi(  h  run» 
towar;lH  that  point  from  a  con.Mdeiable  distance. 

Wv  were  more  fortunate  next  day,  for  we  passed  this 

CoullVe  without  accident,  as  did  the  Sifur  Veilhm,  w-ho 

commanded  u  briKuntino  for  Martinique,  and  who,  Hke 

ours,  I'cs,  had  Wen  unable  t.-  pas-  the  dav  Def-  re. 

The  ships  with  which  wo  had  net  (jail,  had  paesed  at 


IftH 


FK,  K  I  t.M    or     I  II  N 


i 


1 1 


iimt  iMiitior  ill  |.a  I'hiiiij.,  iMir  \oU'  m\  i'muUvn. 

On     (III-     Till,     HI)    I'lMltilMMll     1.111'     i.Mitr     III   l-l..  .mx 

l.ifur-.anil  lli.ii.i' In  Miilli.ih,  Mliiir  .»  4i{li(  iMiilliiily 
Wihil  iim-r.  nil  \\W\,U  niir  rii|il.iiii,  wlio^lirM  iIh  I'liiy  lit 
Itiitt  Mimiiii,  iivowt'tl  'htil  wr  liiiil  I*!  iviliiiij(  ii,  iliir. 
Ilf,  Uiionliiigly,  ilrniinl  it  Im  s|  tu  liml  »  iiMtUtiml,  lh;,t 
U  In  nay,  a  Niiilahli'  pliiif  it*  NlirlliT  uk  iii{,(ii,!,f  t|,c  1.1111. 
iiiK  hloiiii.  '|'|,|.  uiniU.  Mi.iii  afliT.  iililiij.'.I  M-.  (m  111  I,, 
mill  llu'  iM'M  ,lay,  llir  I  III,  ,,|t|„.  UHMiiJi,  luwanl.  .ii-l.f  in 
lIuM'vniiiiK,  «l'«'y  viMTi'il  In  N.  N.  K.,  N.  ]•„,  |.;.  \,  |.;.,  j.;^ 
iuhI  .11  l.i»l,  III  S.  S.  |';.,ainl  thni  1  iiiiliiiiiitl  in  iImI  i|m.iiN  i- 
lorlw.Mlay-..  I)iiili.«all  llii«.  tiiiir  wi- ta(  kr.l  ah.iiit  ii|i,iii< 
UU'  AnliroMi,  M-ilh  H-cIiiI  liipnailN  ;  liiif  a^  mkik  i.h  l|,o 
wimU  vivinllnS.  S.  W.,  w.-  ^.trfird  S.  K.  I.y  K.  ami  S.  K., 
till  lilt-  inoiiiiii^  of  tl„.  1  III,.  ()„  ,1,,,,  ,1,,^.^  „.,.  ,.,„|,,,^,. 
«»inl  lo  make  tin-  hlnnr,  Init  wrtit  aKiuninl  a  i|nail.i  of 
u  h'li.mir  rn.iii  l.iiiil,  on  f|„.  piiint  ,,{' ,1  hhoal  .if  Hal  \;»\iH, 

IiIk.III     cijilil      |,-am„.H     I'loljl     t|,(.     MHltllCMl     poiiil     „f    Mo 

Aiili('it«tli. 

Onr  Nlii|i  ii.m  Mriuk  mi  rntinonlly,  Mial  wv  r.\|ic(  led 
fvfiy  iniiiucnt  In  m'c  it  njM'n  mulcr  iis.  Tin.  tin,..  t„,ist, 
liavi-  liccn  liati,  and  (lie  sailniH  w  dcspnir  n|'  n,,r  sirdy, 
Hi'iT  all  ivrnM-.l  to  j,Mv«'  a  hand  in  iclint,'  the  s;iils 
iind  fiiTini,'  the  iiiuhIm,  altliniif,'|i  tin-  ulraiii  tlicy  jravc  tlin 
HJiip  MaH  ••vidnitly  hiinying  on  onr  inin.  Tli(<  water 
rnslird  in  in  tnm-nts  ;  Cmi-  had  dopiivrd  half  nf  mII 
prccnc*'  nf  mind,  and  flic  ^Micral  disorder  sc 'nied  to 
aniionnce  onr  death. 

Hnt  for  onr  eannoiicer,  onr  Mfnalion  woidd  have 
been  inncli  i.  n,.>  nighfful ;  he  run  lo  iho  bread  ihesf, 
and,  though  the  wafer  had  already  reached  it,  he  tlucw 


i 


OlRAlf     A  Nil     wn.»»MiN»  ■"*. 


\y, 


»it  (-ot()|)itris,iiri«l 

f<'0lll|M>M. 

•  •till'     ttt   |«|i'  tttlX 

I  '•li'jhf  iMMihi  I  ly 

JktU-W    its   I'liiy    lit 

I  ivlliiiiK  l-»  fiiir. 
II  riNitUtniil,  ihitt 
iii;.iiiii*t  till'  Miiif 

ili;;iil  Ms  lt»  lui, 
Jii»v.ihIh  cinlif  ill 

Km  r..  N.  i;.,  i;., 

•I  in  tlial  <|ii:irt('r 

I  kill  iiliniil  iilnili^ 

lit    ilS   MKlli   ilN   llii) 

.  !•>  I'l.aml  S.  K., 
(Iiiy,  we  I'Dilciiv* 
iiikI  a  i|iiiirli'i  (if 
oiil  III'  lliif  I'lir  ks, 

tl       |ll>illt      III'     Isjo 

liif  «(>  cxiirctcd 

'I'lio  time  must 

ir  fif  our  Mil'rfy, 

«'<lint^    (lie   sailH 

II  llicy  yavc  tlio 

•  ill.  'Ilif  MatfT 
vH  half  of  all 
)i(lL«r  KC  'tiu'il  to 

III  would  have 
the  hrcad  (lic»t, 
cd  it,  ho  threw 


out  n  \ml  lMt<»«rn  ih-kM  l»«'  iHoMwht,  loo,  llM»^»min 

giM..,,    .1   iMfMl   i.f  liow.Iir,  mmI   u  •■ J    ..oi.Mtif'S 

Moi.l.l  l.<.oii..'  hiM-ar>,  in  •..-.•  hi-  i  •<  .^mI  »Ii.'  .t.n.K.  r 
H„  wn.  a.l.iallv  in  ;  all  thin  !.»•  Ul  'alii.. I  H».  Il«- 
|,ri'.u<ai<>li    W»N  not.  ••^.I.-N  «»..l,  la.t  to.   it.  I  WO..I.1  l.r.l 

Imvi'  lliP  loHsolatioi.  of  writing  I.,  von,  my  il.ai  l.iotli. 
un.  'JIm'  M.i  Has  as  viol,  lit  as  ih.-  wim'.  mIMii  r  iliii.ih- 
Ishliit?  ill  III-  I'i'^'i  »»'••  «"*•-  '""'  ""•l«'l»«''ViM.r 
rii.l.l.r,  ali.l  «••  «•■..■  ohiiu'  <1  ••'  • '"  "^*'>  •""  "••'""•»»'''» 
to  throw  it  oxriKmr.l.  NV«  •»n'i  ht  aovt.,  our  Loaf, 
tiikiiift  «'v«-rv  pr.-.auti..M  to  ki«  p  i'  ah.  id,  m,  as  to  pi.- 
vnit  its  ImIiiu  •liivHi  aifiii.-t  th-  Nhip  an.t 'l.shul  to 
,,i„,,..j  tl...   Muht   of  d... III.  an.l   l:op..   .,f  d.t.rri.ii?  tt, 

,(av<.  .•.M.n.«..   to  all;  1.  ^il'l ■!''   »^"    «'"'  ^"'"  "^ 

i«.ihK  ii.is...ahl.-  it.  that  .I.^Mrt  i.laiM  for  Mil...-  months  at 
l..ast,  c-arh  thoiiKht  h.^  would  unn  m.irh  hy  .xpo,.!.^ 
Iiiiiisilf  to  (•vn■\tllin^  to  sav.!  hi-  lit''. 

Ali.r  K.ltiiiK  <.ur  hoat  atloi.t,  «••  suspini.hd  it  .m  the 
davits,  in  oid.T  to  .  iiihaik^ill  w"  h.i.l  ii."<..  .'asily,  «t  i 
aV  u  «  id.-  h.M  th  us  s.M.ii  a  possildr  to  suv.j  ours.lv.-s  f.-an 
th.'  heiivv  s.'a.  whi.h  wo.ild.  p-rham.  havo  .l.iv.  n  us  on 
th..  vcsm'i,  if  «.•  had  iK^f  K-t  "tr  with  s,,...d.  Ih.t  If  l» 
in  vail,  for  nun  to  r.dy  on  th.  ir  pnidrnr.' ;  ul..'u(.od 
h,ys  hi»  h.-uvy  hun.l  upon  fhiiu,  "U  th.  ir  proniuttuns  uro 
i!«r'h-<»i. 

We  i-nt.  red  tlir  h)in,'  ^'<"f  «'  '*"'  n"'"'"'''  "'  f^**^'")'* 
ttr.d,  at  that  in>ta.it,  tla-  pulh-y  of  th.-  for.-  .lavit  «avo 
wav  jud-f  of  imr  situation!  tho  h-tt  r.-nuinod  hm^'- 
in«  hv  thJM.rn,  an.l,  of  thos,-  in  ir,  s.-voral  fell  into  tho 
«.a  •  othiMs  .lung  to  the  si.l.-,  aiul  M.m.s  hy  tn.ans  of 
rop.-,  han«in>.'  over  the  ship  s  Mv:,  ^ot  on  I  .uid  ajfam. 
The  captain,  seeing  tho   dibiutcr,  cut   or  .lipped  the 


u 


158 


P R R  1 1, fl     OF     THE 


K 


!f 


II 


stern  pulley,  and  the  long  boat  lighting,  1  jumped  In  to 
save  Mr.  Levrquc  and  DutVesnois,  who  Mere  uhnost 
drowned,  Meanwhile,  the  sea  used  our  long  boat  so 
roughly,  that  it  was  leaking  at  every  seam.  Without 
rudder,  without  strength,  a  frightful  wind,  rain  in  tor- 
rents, a  sea  in  fuiy,  and  an  tihh  tide,  whateould  wc 
cxj)ect  hut  a  speedy  end  ?  Yet  we  made  every  effort 
to  get  off;  some  bailed,  one  steered  with  an  oar, — every- 
thing was  wanting,  or  against  us,  and,  to  fill  up  our 
miseries,  we  shipped  two  seas  that  left  us  knee-deep  in 
water ;  a  third  would  have  surely  swamped  us ;  our 
strength  began  to  give  out  as  it  became  more  necessary ; 
we  made  little  headway,  and,  with  good  reason,  began 
to  fear  our  longboat  would  fill  before  we  could  reach 
land.  The  rain  prevented  our  making  out  a  proper 
place  to  run  in ;  all  before  us  seemed  very  rocky,  or 
rather  we  saw  nothing  but  death. 

I  believed  that  it  was  time  to  exhort  all  to  prepare, 
by  an  act  of  contrition,  to  appear  before  (iod.  This  I 
had  deferred  till  now,  so  as  not  to  augment  the  panic 
or  unman  their  courage ;  but  there  was  no  recoiling, 
and  1  did  not  wish  to  have  my.  conscience  reproach  me 
with  a  neglect  of  duty.  Every  one  prayed,  and  after 
the  Cinijltcor,  I  gave  a  geneud  absolution.  It  was  a 
touching  sight !  All  those  men  bailing  and  rowing, 
while  they  implored  our  Lord  to  have  mercy  on  them, 
and  forgive  them  the  sins  which  made  them  unworthy 
of  partaking  of  his  glory  j  at  last  they  were  prepared 
for  death,  and  awaited  it  without  repining.  As  for  my- 
self, I  commended  my  soul  to  God.  I  recited  the 
Miserere  aloud,  all  repeating  it  after  me.  I  saw  no 
hope  left.     The  longboat  was  going  down,  and   I  had 


OOKAN      AND     W1LDERNE33. 


lot) 


,  1  jumped  in  to 
ho  Mtuo  iilmost 

III'     long    luKlt    HO 

cam.  Witliuut 
ind,  rain  in  tor- 

\sliat  could  wo 
ude  every  effort 
an  oar, — cvcry- 
l,  to  fill  up  our 
us  knee-deep  in 
ampcd  us ;  our 
more  necessary ; 
id  reason,  began 

we  could  reach 
g  out  a  proper 

very  rocky,  or 

t  all  to  prepare, 
e  God.  This  I 
gment  the  panic 
as  no  recoiling, 
lice  reproach  me 
irayed,  and  after 
ution.  It  was  a 
ng  and  rowing, 
mercy  on  them, 
them  unworthy 
'  were  prepared 
ig.  As  for  my- 
.  I  recited  the 
me.  I  saw  no 
)wn,  and   I  had 


aLeadv  muffled  my  head  in  my  doak,  so  as  not  to  see 
the   moment   of  our  going  down,  when  u  gust  of  ^vmd 

suddenly  drove  us  asfiore. 

Yoti  may  imagine,  how  eagerly  wc  sprang  from  the 
longboat ;  but  we  were  not  yet  out  of  danger ;  several 
waves  broke  over  us,  some  of  .hich  knocked  us  down, 
and  very  nearly  carried  us  out  of  our  depth;  yet  wc 
„,ade  head  against  them,  and  got  off  with  no  harm,  but 
swallowing  an  abundance  of  sand  and  water. 

In  this  confusion,  some  one  had  presence    of  mud 
enough,   to   keep   hold   of  the  line  or  cham  attached  to 
the    longboat,  and  hold  it  f^^st ;  but  for  tins  precautmn 
it   was   all  over,  as  you  will  see  by  my  next  letter,  or 
Derhaps  by  the  close  of  this, 

'  Our  fh't  care  was  to  thank  God  for  dehvenng  us 
from  so  great  a  danger,  and,  in  fact,  without  a  special 
aid  of  Providence,  it  would  have  been   unpossdde   to 
escape  death.     We  were  on  a  little  sand-bank,  separated 
from  the  island   by  a  small  creek,  running  from  a  bay  a 
little  above   the  place  where  we  were      It  was  with 
*  great   difficulty  that  wc  crossed  this  creek,  tor  it  was  so 
deep,  that  for  the  third  time  we  were  on  the  point  of 
perishing.     The  sea,  which  began  to  flill  at  last  enabled 
L  to   go   and  get  what  we  had  in  the    bngboat   and 
bring  it  to  the  island.     This  was  a  new  fatigue,  but  it 
could  not  be  put  ofl'.     We  were  wet  to  our  very  bones, 
and  so  was  everything  we  had.     How  could  we  make  a 
five  in  this   state  ?     Yet  after  some  time  we  ^"c^^^^^^^- 
It  was  more  necessary  than  anything  else,  and  although 
it  was  long  since  we  had  tasted  food,  and  hunger  wa8 
pressing  on  us,  we  thought  of  satisfying  it  only  after 
getting  a  little  warm. 


Ill 


100 


rritii.H    or    thf 


Alimit  ihii'c  i)\  lor];  in  tlic  iil'tciiioon,  our  siiiull  ho.it, 
(Mine  to  1,111(1  willi  only  six  iiicii  ;  tlic  mm  was  so  \ioIciit 
'I'll'  it  liii'l  lici'ii  ini|)ossil,|c  for  more  to  cxpo-.c  tlicm- 
bi'ivi's  ill  it.  We  went  to  meet  flicni,  nnd  look  nil 
nceessiiry  i)ircaiitioiis  to  Ijiini,'  it  in  vitlioiit  injiiiinf,'  it. 
A\  iltioni  litis  lioat  we  could  never  liave  1,'ot  to  tlie  sliip  to 
lirin.i,'  oil' the  provisions  which  the  cannoneer  li.ul  saverl, 
nor  llie  seventeen  men  still  on  hoard. 

However,  none  dnrst  undertake  to  go  there  that  dav, 
^^  e  jiasscd  the  iii!,dit  siully  onoiif^'h.  'The  Hrc  \sv  had 
made  had  not  yet  dried  ns,  and  we  had  nothinj,'  to  siiel- 
ler  ns  in  that  ri,i,n)ron,s  season.  The  wind  seemed  to  ns 
to  li(<  risinj,',  and  althon>rh  the  vessel  was  stroni,',  new 
and  well  knit,  there  was  every  ground  tor  fearing  that 
it  :'ouI(l  not  hold  together  till  next  morning,  and  th  ^ 
all  on  hoard  wonhl  perish  miserahly.  Ahont  midnight 
the  wind  fell,  the  sea  Hid)sido(l,  and, at  day-hreak,  seeing 
the  ship  in  the  same  state  that  we  left  it,  several  sailors 
went  ont  in  the  boat.  They  found  all  on  hoard  well, 
having  passed  the  night  more  at  ease  than  we  did,  since 
they  were  sheltered  and  had  something  to  eat  and  drink. 
They  i)ut  some  provisions  in  the  boat,  and  brought  all 
off;  they  came  seasonably  for  us,  as  we  were  now  suffer- 
ing eiuelly  from  hunger, 

^\''c  took  what  was  necessary  for  a  meal,  that  is  to 
say,  about  three  ounces  of  meat  a  piece,  a  liule  soup, 
and  some  vegetables  that  we  put  in.  Wc  had  to  econ- 
omize, and  not  expose  ourselves  to  run  out  of  provisions 
so  soon.  We  sent  to  the  ship  a  second  time  to  save 
the  carpenter's  tools,  tar,  which  wc  needed  to  repair 
our  longboat,  an  axe  to  cut  wood,  and  some  sails  to 
make  a  cabin.     All  this  was  a  great  help,   especially 


n  A'^'r-mmimrrm. 


ii,  (>iir  small  lio.if, 

r,i   w  iis  so   \  idlciit 

'    to   <'\]IO-,('    tllClll- 

'III,  iiiid  took  ,'ill 
tlioiit  iiijiiiini,'  it. 
Ljot  to  tlic  slii|i  to 
oiH'cr  Im(1  savcfl, 

0  tlicrc  tliat,  (lay. 
'I  lie  Hit  M(!  had 
iiotliiii<r  to  slicl- 

iiid  sccisii'd  to  us 
Mas  strong,  new 
d  for  i'caiiiig  tliat 
loniiiig,  and  th  ^. 
About  midnight 
lay-l)ii'ak,  sc(Mng 
it,  soviMal  sailors 
11  on  hoard  wtdl, 
an  we  did,  since 
to  cat  and  drink, 
and  hrouglit  all 
were  now  sufl'cr- 

meal,  that  is  to 
ce,  a  little  soup, 
^Ve  had  to  ccon- 
out  of  provisions 
lid  time  to  save 
leeded  to  repair 

1  some  sails    to 
help,   especially 


OCEAN      AND     WIMIKIINKSH. 


101 


the  Kails,   for  two   fort  of  snow   f.ll   that   night.      On 
tho    iiCNt,    day,    Nov<-mhr-r    IC.th,  while  so.nr   went  on 
h<.ai(l    for    stores,    the    others    laid  hold    of  the    long- 
boat, -.lid   at  last  g..t  it  high   and  dry   by   nxans  oi   a 
,1„„1,|,.   pulley.     The  state  we    found    it  in,  sl."^ved  m 
how  nc-ar  death  we  had  bc-en,  and  we  rould  not  eoii-eivo 
how  it  had  ever  brought  us  ashore ;   we  now  did  all   wo 
could  to  npair  it.     The  mi/en  yard,  which  was  thr.%n 
up  on  the  shore,  enabU^d  us  to  make  a  keel ;  we  made 
the  bottom   of  a  piece  of  wood  cut  in  the  forest ;  we 
made  two  linings  for  the  bottom,  with  boards  whuh  wo 
got  on  board,  and   at  lust  it  was  refitted  as  well  as  our 
position  enabled  us.  _ 

I  defer  to  mv  next  tlio  sequel  of  my  shipwreck  ; 
before  continuing  it,  I  should  be  glad  to  hear  of  you  ; 
such  tidings  interest  no  one  more  than  myself,  who  am, 
with  the  warmest  friendship,  my  dear  brother,  your 
very  attectionate  brother, 

Emmanuel  CiiESfKL,  Recollect. 

Padnr'jorn,  February  13,  1742. 


l.E'n'EB     IV. 

My  Devr  Brotiieu:— I  have  just  received  your 
answer,  which  gives  me  infinite  pleasure.  I  was  espec 
iallv  touched  by  what  happened  to  you,  in  your  Italian 
and  Hungarian  campaigns.  Why  did  you,  not  send 
me  the  details  sooner?  Here  I  must  reproach  you; 
but  this  cannot  displease  you,  as  it  serves  to  show  how 
sensible  I  am  to  all  concerning  you. 


168 


PERILS     OP     THK 


M 


1  am  gl.'id  that  the  lu'ginning  of  my  shipwreck  cxrittm 
in  your  soul,  thi;  M>ntimcut8  wliiih  I  miid  it  .should  ;  it 
i»  u  jjioot'  that  i  have  not  oxagm rated  the  evils  which 
I  suilered,  and  saw  others  suil'er.  Yet,  alter  i.ll,  luy 
dear  brother,  that  is  only  a  slight  sketch,  and  what  I 
have  yet  to  tell  I'ar  surpasses  all  I  have  hitherto  said, 
and  deserves  all  your  attention. 

^Vhile  ■we  were  refitting  the  lontflioat,  wo  ate  only 
once  in  twenty-four  hours,  and  then  our  allowance  was 
smaller  then  tliat  I  have  already  mentioned.  It  Mas 
prudent  to  act  so  j  we  had  only  two  months'  stores  In 
the  ship,  this  being  the  usual  provision  made  on  sailing 
from  Quebec  to  France  ;  all  our  biscuit  was  lost,  and 
more  than  half  our  meat  had  been  consumed  or  spoilt, 
during  the  eleven  days  we  had  been  at  sea;  so  that, 
with  all  possible  economy,  we  had  only  five  weeks'  food. 
This  calculation,  or,  if  you  like,  this  reflection,  an- 
nounced death  at  the  end  of  forty  days !  for,  after  all, 
there  was  no  prospect  of  finding,  before  then,  any  means 
of  leaving  the  desert-island. 

The  ships  which  pass  by  it,  sail  altogether  too  far 
off,  to  perceive  any  signal  we  could  make,  and  then  how 
could  ^^•c  rely  on  them  ?  Our  provisions  could  last  no 
more  than  six  weeks,  at  most,  and  no  ship  could  pass 
for  six  or  seven  months. 

I  saw  despair  coming  on,  courage  began  to  sink,  and 
cold,  snow,  ice,  and  sickness,  seemed  banded  to  increase 
our  sufferings.  Wo  sank  beneath  the  weight  of  so 
much  misery.  The  ship  became  inacccssibk-  from  the 
ice,  which  gathered  around  it ;  the  cold  caused  an  intol- 
erable sleeplessness  ;  our  sails  ■were  far  from  shielding 
us  from  the  heavy  snows  that  fell,  that  year,  six  feet 


i , 


'^^^'^smmmmn 


OCEAN      AND     W  11, 1)  E  R  N  K  H  9  • 


103 


shipwreck  cxcitt'S 
siiid  it  slioiild  ;  it 
(I  tin;  evils  wliicli 
\vt,  niter  i.ll,  my 
ki'tdi,  and  what  I 
lavc  hitherto  said, 

lioat,  wo  ate  only 
[iiir  allowance  wan 
entioned.  It  was 
months'  stores  in 
1  made  on  mailing 
icnit  Mas  h)st,  and 
)nsume(l  or  spoilt, 
'n  at  sea;  so  that, 
y  five  weeks'  food, 
is  reflection,  an- 
lys  !  lor,  after  all, 
e  then,  any  means 

Itogethcr  too  far 
dvc,  and  then  how 
ions  cotdd  last  no 
10  ship  could  pass 

jgan  to  sink,  and 
sanded  to  increase 
he  weight  of  so 
cccssihk'  from  the 
d  caused  an  hitol- 
far  from  shielding 
hat  year,  six  feet 


deep,  and  fever  had  alrca.lv  surprised  several  of  our 

comrades. 

Such  circumstances   were  too  trying  for  us,   no    to 
seek  to  dispose  otherwise.     We  accordingly  resolved  on 

a  decisive  step. 

We  knew  that  some  of  our  countryuu'u^vere  wu.ter- 
i„.r  utMinuan,  on  the  main  land  to  the  north,  in  or.ler 
t.^hunt  s..als  for  oil ;  there  we  were  almost  sure  to  get 
relief,  hut  the  dilHculty  was  to  reach  it  at  that  season ; 
the  rivers  were  all  frozen,  the  snow  was  three  leet  deep, 
and  incr.-ased  day  by  day,  and  the  .lista.ue  was  great, 
considering  the  season,  and  our  condition,  ior  we  were 
forty  leagues  from  the  highest  or  northwest  part  of  the 
island,  which  we  had  to  make,  turn,  au<l  descend  son.e- 
^•hat,  then  cross  twelve  leagues  oi  open  sea. 

"We  were  resolved  to  surmount  all  those  obstacles ; 
our  actual  state  gave  ns  no  fears  of  a  more  tr.ghtM 
one,  but  one  reflection  stopped  us  for  some  tunc.  VVe 
could  not  all  start  for  ^lingan,  and  half  ot  us  would 
have  to  stay  at  this  place  which  we  were  so  eager  to 
leave,  even  to  expose  ourselves  to  more  real  dangers. 

Yet  there  was  no  other  way-we  must  all  resolve  to 
die  on  that  place  at  the  end  of  six  weeks,  or  part  lor  a 
time      I  showed  them  that  the  least  delay  would  defeat 
our  plan,  as,  during  our   irresolution,  the  bad  weather 
increased,  and  our  scanty  stores  were  faihng.     I  added. 
'    that  I  could  well  conceive  the  repugnance  each  one 
should  have  to  remain  where  we  were,  but,  at  the  same 
time    I   showed  them  the  absolute  necessity  oi  parting 
comianv,  and  I  hoped  our  Lord  would  dispose  the 
hearts  o>  som.,  tc    et  the  others  go  in  search  ot  aid  ;  1 
wound  up,  that  we  must  dry  the  chapel  furmture-that 


It 


164 


PERII.H     OP     THK 


to  (liiiw  down  on  us  the  lij^lit  of  the  Holy  Gliof*t,  I 
woiilil  colohmlc  his  Muss  on  thu  iiiUh,  and  that  I  wns 
smo  our  jiiiiycrs  would  have  the  di-ssiird  (de(  t.  All 
applauded  my  proposition  ;  1  said  the  Mass  oftlic  Holy 
(jhost,  und  the  same  day  twenty-four  men  ollered  to 
remain,  provided  provisions  were  left  them,  and  a  prom- 
ise made,  on  the  gostiel,  that  relief  would  he  sent  as 
soon  as  the  party  got  'o  Miiigan. 

I  tohl  my  comrades,  that  1  had  made  up  my  mind  to 
Btay  with  the  twenty-four  men  w  ho  had  offered  to  re- 
main at  the  jilace  of  our  shipwieck,  and  that  1  would 
endeavor  to  help  them  to  await  patiently  the  promised 
relief.  All,  however,  opposed  my  design,  and  to  dis- 
suade me,  said,  that,  as  I  knew  the  language  of  the 
country,  I  must  go  with  the  party,  so  that  if  ?.lr.  tic 
Frcneuse  and  de  Scnneville  should  die,  I  might  ait  as 
interp'etcr,  in  case  we  met  any  Indiana  on  the  island. 
Those  who  remained  especially  desired  1  should  go  ; 
they  knew  me  incapable  of  bicaking  my  word,  and  did 
not  doubt,  but  that,  on  my  arrival  at  Mingan,  my  first 
care  would  be  to  relieve  them  ;  not  but  that  those  who 
were  going  were  fully  disposed  to  send  a  boat  to  their 
relief  as  soon  as  possible,  yet  they  relied  apparently 
more  on  the  word  of  a  priest,  than  that  of  one  of  them- 
selves. "When  all  was  arranged,  T  exhorted  those  who 
remained  to  patience.  I  told  them  that  the  means  of 
drawing  upon  them  the  blessings  of  Heavfn,  Avas  not 
to  give  away  to  despair,  and  to  abandon  themselves 
entirely  to  the  caie  of  Providence — that  they  should 
keep  themselves  in  continual  exercise  to  keep  off  sick- 
'  ness,  and  v.ot  fi\ll  into  diseouragemenc, — that  prudence 
required  nu  economical  use  of  the  food  we  had  left. 


iwi-wwwmiwtei^r^-'iaw 


OCEAN      AN  I.     WU.nKRNEria. 


1G5 


he  Holy  Gho«t,  I 
th,  iind  that  I  wnn 
M\vi\  (db(  t.  All 
Mass  of  the  Holy 
ur  men  olliicd  to 
hem,  iiiul  u  piom- 
would  be  hcnt  as 

Ic  lip  my  mind  to 
had  ofl'eied  to  re- 
nd that  I  would 
ntly  the  promised 
x'sif^n,  and  to  dis- 
I  langiiago  of  the 
io  that  if  Mr.  de 
lie,  I  might  aet  as 
ana  on  the  island. 
s(\  1  should  go  ; 
ly  word,  and  did 

Mingan,  my  first 
Lit  that  those  who 
nd  a  boat  to  their 
relied  apparently 
it  of  one  of  them- 
lorted  those  who 
that  the  means  of 

Heaven ,  Avas  not 
ndon  themselves 
that  they  should 

to  keep  off  sick- 
t, — that  prudence 
3od  we  had  left, 


ulthough  I  hoped  to  «.nd  them  relief  before  it  wn-  spent  ; 
but  tliat  it  waN  better  to  have  some  over,  than  to  run  ll.o 
risk  of  falling  short.  After  giving  this  advi(e,  tho>o 
who  were  to  go,  began  to  make  their  preparations,  and. 
on  the  '^'th,  we  prepared  to  go  ;  wv  embraced  our  com- 
rades, who  wished  us  a  succ.ssful  voya,:;e,  and,  on  our 
Bide,  we  showed  how  anxiously  we  de.«.:  ed  to  relievo 
their  distress  ;  we  were  far  ivom  thinking  that  it  was 
our  last  embrace.  Our  tarewell  was  most  allccting,  and 
the  tears  which  attended  it  were  a  kind  of  presentiment 
of  what  was  to  befall  ui. 

Thirteen  got  in  the  small  boat,  und  seventeen  in  the 
longboat;  we  set  out  in  the  afternoon,  and  rowed  that 
day  about  three  leagu'^s,  but  could  not  make  land,  and 
were  obliged  to  pass  the  night  on  the  watei,  where  w« 

endured  inexpressible  cold. 

The  next  dav  we  did  not  make  -«  much  progress, 

but  we  slept  adiore,  and  during  the  night   a  prodigious 

quantity  of  snow  fell  over  us. 

On  the  a9th,  the   wind  was  against  u.-i,  and  we  were 

compelled  by  the  snow,  which  still  continued  to  fall  in 

abundance,  to  go  ashore  very  early. 

On  the  30th,  the  weather  forced  us  to  lie  to  ;  at  nme 

o'clock  in  the  morning,  we  landed  and  made  a  good 

fire  to  cook  ^me  peas^  whicli  disagreed  with  several  of 

our  party. 

On  the  first  of  December,  the  wmds  prevented  our 
re-embarking,  and,  as  our  sailors  complained  of  weak- 
ness, and  Raid  that  they  could  not  row,  we  cooked  a 
little  meat,  which  we  ate  after  drinking  the  broth ;  it 
was  the  first  time  after  our  departure,  that  we  had  feasted 
ourselves  so  well ;  the  other  days  we  ate  only  a  little 


J 


160 


PKnn.H    OK    I  H  I! 


(hied  cudiUh  raw,  or  a  paste  made  of  ilour  aiid  witU-r. 
On  the  morning  of  the  M-cond,  the  wind  liaving  ilian^fd 
to  S.  K.,  we  set  miil  and  made  conHicU'rahh'  I)^<)^r|l..^s  ; 
uhout  niion  we  joined  the  small  hoat  to  cat  toi,'ftli<r  ; 
our  joy  was  extreme  to  see  the  fair  wiatlier  (■(•miiiiie, 
and  tli<!  winds  hecome  more  and  more  favoridde  to  our 
route;  hut  this  joy  scarce  lasted  at  all,  and  gave  place 
to  the  most  frightfid  consternation.  Alter  our  meal, 
■we  continued  on  our  way  ;  the  small  hoat  went  faster 
hy  oars,  hut  hy  sail  we  had  the  advant.ige  ;  we  thought 
hetter  to  keep  off  shore,  so  ns  to  douhle  a  point  which 
we  perceived,  and  made  signal  to  the  hoat  to  follow  nn, 
but  they  let  themselves  he  driven  in  towards  the  laud, 
and  wo  lost  sight  of  it. 

At  this  point  we  found  a  frightful  sea,  and,  although 
the  wind  was  not  very  violent,  we  douhled  it  only  hy 
great  effort,  and  taking  in  a  great  deal  of  water,  i'his 
made  us  trcmhlc  for  the  small  hoat  which  was  in  shore, 
where  the  sea  al.vayH  hreaks  more  violently  than  olf. 
It  was  handled  so  roughly  that  it  went  down,  and  we 
lieard  no  more  of  it  till  spring,  as  you  will  see  hy  tho 
se(iuel  of  my  narrative.  When  we  had  passed  tho 
jioint,  we  endeavored  to  land,  hut  the  night  was  too  far 
advanced,  and  we  could  not  succeed  ;  the  sea  was  hor- 
dered  hy  very  high  and  rugged  rocks  for'  nearly  two 
leagues,  and,  seeing  at  the  end  a  sandy  bay,  we  made 
for"it  at  full  sail,  and  landed  there  without  getting  much 
wet.  We  at  once  lighted  a  fire  to  show  the  small  boat 
Avhere  wc  were,  but  this  precaution  was  useless,  because 
it  had  been  dashed  to  pieces. 

After  eating  a  little  paste,  each  one  wrapped  himself 
up  in  his  blanket,  and  spent  the  night  by  the  fire.     At 


ilniir  ;iii<i  wiiirrt 
I  huviiif^  iliaii^t'<l 
i'ral)l«'  piDKii'Ms  ; 
to  cat  tom'tluT  ; 
latliiT  coiitiiiiu', 
favorable  to  our 
1,  ami  Kavu  placo 
AlltT  our   meal, 

boat  went  i'a^tl•r 
ago  ;  wi'  tboiii;lit 
)lu  a  point  which 
l)oat  to  follow  iiM, 
tuwai'iU  thu  laud, 

(a,  niul,   althouf^h 
oublfd  it  only  l)y 

of  water.  I'liis 
lich  was  in  shore, 
ioleiitly  than  oil". 
?nt  dow n,  and  wo 
.  will  SCO  by  tho 

had  passed  thu 
nij{ht  was  too  far 
the  sea  was  bor- 
es for'  nearly  two 
dy  bay,  we  made 
bout  gettiiif,'  much 
ow  the  small  boat 
\a  useless,  because 

wrapped  himself 
,  by  the  tire.     At 


ocKAN    AND    wii.i>i;uN  lan. 


1(17 


ton  oVlork.  the  -ky  cl.Mi.le.l  ov.r,  and  ^now  l.ll  abnn- 
.htntlv  till  next  day.  U  the  tire  n.elte.l  it.  the  ^n..>v 
gave'uH  mu.  h  Iroubh',  m.  that  ^^e  prcfcr.-d  Man.hnK  tho 
eold  to  hleepinn  in  water. 

•lowurds  midniKht,  thu  winds  beeame  so  vml.nt  that 
our  h.uKboat,  whi.ii^wa.  only  a  ^hort  distan.  .•  .,lf  ^bore, 
l.avinK  draK^ed  itn  an.  h..r,  was  driven  a>hore  and  alnu.>t 
d.^he.l  t.,  pieces.     The  two  men   who  wer."  ..n  b..ar(l 
waking  up,  began  to  call  out  as  loud  as  thev  .oul.l  ;  wo 
ran  up  at  onei'.     Tbe  captain  an.l  mN^elf  threw  a>ho,t. 
what  we  could  save  of  the  little  cargo  ;  the  others  ,,a.  ked 
up  what  we  threw  out  ;  and  carried  it  as  they  supposed 
out  oi  reach  of  the  tide,  but  the  sea  became  so  lur.ou. 
that,  as  it  rose,  it  would  have  carried  olf  all  we  had  just 
suvud,  had  not  our  eonuades  taken  the  ,,recaution   to 
transport  three  dillerent  tinu-s  what  they  thought  sccvuo 
at  lirst.     'Ihi'*  was  not  enough  ;  we  had  to  get  t.ur  boat 
ashore  to  prevent  its  being  carried  (.ut  to  sea.     The  d.t- 
llculty  we  had  in  getting  it  high  an.l  dry  is  ui.on.eivable, 
and  we  did  not  accon.plish  it  until  ten  oMe.k  in  the 
morning;  we  then  found  it  mu.h  strained  an.l  m  need 
of  considerable  repairs.      We  deferred  repaiiing  it   until 
the  next  dav,  and  n.a.le  a  tire  to  dry  our.selves  ;  alter 
which  we  ale  a  little  to  restore  us  after  o.u-  night's  t..d. 
In  the  morning,  the  carja-nter  and  all  who  were  able  tc. 
help  him  laboreil  to  put  matters  in  shape,  and  a  part  of 
us  went  in  search  of  the  other  boat,  but  in  vain  ;  and  it 
was  to  no  purpose  that  we  remained  there  several  days 
to  get  tidings  of  it.     On  the  eve  of  our  departure  wc 
killed  two  foxes,  which  enabled  us  to  spare  our  provis- 
ions •  in  a  situation  like  ours  all  must  be  turned  to 
accouut,  and  the  fear  of  starving  to  death  prevented  our 


1 
1 


1 


lea 


r  K R 1 1. «   or    T II  K 


4  *- 


u^^Wim   «nv   opi.<..t,...ity   of    prnlonKmH   l.Uv     f^" 
th,"  seventh    ;f  th,-    .....nth.  w«    Marte.l   ttt   iluyl.nmk. 

with  .1  .liKht  f..vor«hk.  Mi...l.  hy  whi. h  ^..•  .««.lc  .■..nm.l- 
,,,a,b  h..u.lwavi    ..h..ut  t.M.  ..Vh..k,    w,.    ..t.  our    two 
(oxen;  Hvcho......f..T,  th..  nky  .l-.u.h.d  ov.-r  a...!   t)..' 

ui.ul  rUinK  with  th.^  nea.  w.  h;ul  t.^M-k  n  h.r»M>r,  hn 

oir  «n<'.  «nil  hrfore  the  wi.ul  ^  "»vc  our«lv.-..  M.« 
uiKht  approach..!  i  rai...  *nix..l  with  hail.  ..mn  r  osr.l  tho 
,lav  ;  the  wi...l  .hove  us  on  vitli  »o  nun  h  vih.m.nfo 
tlwa  w..  couhl  Hcafcly  g..vn-n  it.  an.l  our  boat  ha. 
uu.lorKone  too  mu.^h  rough  u.«k«  to  he  able  to  stand 
Mu:h  a  «tor.n.     YeL   wc-  hn.l    to  yifUl  t.,  th.   .urnun- 

At  tho  heiKht  of  tho  tlangc-r  wc  >vcrc  driven  u^o  a 
W.wh.ro  the  wind  Htill  vexed  ««,  and  whore  it  wa. 
imposMhU-  to  <ind  a  hu.ding  |  our  anchor  couhl  not  hold 
nnvwheiv;  the  .torni  increanod  every  nionu-nt,  and  our 
h„at  hoinw  d.iv..n  ....  HOine  nhouls,  we  tho..ght  that  wo 
had  not  an  hour  to  live. 

We  nevertheloKH  c.doavored,  by  throwu.g  overboard 
part  of  our  boat's   load,  to   put  ofl'  the   fatal  moment 
Scarcely  had  wo  done  this  wh.Mi  we  were  «..,'rounde.l 
by  ice  •  this  more  than  redoublc.l  .u.r  fear,  as  tho  cake* 
of  ice  wore  furiuv.sly  tossed  about  and  broke  against  us ; 
1  cannot  tell  you  where  they  drove  ub,  but  1  shall  not 
exaggerate  bv  telling  you  that  the  various  tonmnps  we 
met  with  thk  night  are  beyond  all  expression.      Ihe 
darkness  increased  the  horror  of  our  condition ;  every 
blast  seemed  to  announce  our  derth.     I  exhorted  al 
not  to  distrust  Providence,  and,  at  the  same  tune,  to  put 
themselves  in  a  sUte  to  go  and  re.i.ler  God  au  account 


%- 


OCEAN    Avn    wfrni'.u>r.-*^f- 


\m 


ll^in^    IH"»'      ^^n 
Bil   lit    duyl»f»'i>l<. 
wc  nm«le  r«»n«iil- 
V9  nt«'  our   two 
>d   «v«T  unci    the; 
>k  n  hiirJior,  l"if 
obliged  to  Miiml 
ourwlvo'*.     'I'ln' 
il,  81)011  closrd  tlin 
mm  h  viluPHiKO 
n«l  our  bout  l»iul 
be  al>le  to  sttiitul 
il  to   the   riMuni- 

erc  driven  iitto  a 
:ind  where-  it  wuh 
»or  could  nt)t  bold 
THonuMil,  iuid  our 
thouglit  thut  wo 

irowiug  overboiird 
he   I'lital   moment. 

were  siirroutided 
•  four,  lis  the  tuke» 
I  broke  against  us  ; 
18,  but  1  shall  not 
arious  tonginps  we 

expression.  The 
r  condition ;  every 
h.  I  exhorted  all 
lc  Hame  time,  to  put 
er  God  a»i  account 


„j..^i;,Vubi.h   ho  had  Krantrd  un  only  U.  «-rve  bun, 
„„a  I  reminded  them  tbutb..« an. be  .Ma.ler.otAr   II 

I'loni  us  wbeii  he  pieaM'd. 

|,..v  e.une  a.  last,  ami  «e  ..,,.1.  .vnied  anud  tl...  mk« 

,,  ,.AmIh.  U..om  oltlH,  bay.  wlu..e  w.  ....e  u  h.U^ 
more.r,UHpdl,e.eryoue,ega.dedhmMl  a.  bavu.g 
..aped  .be  gaten  ol- .be  ,rave.  and  rem  ered  thauk.  ... 
„„.  Idmiu'b.y  ban.l  wlmb  bad  preserved  u«  auu.l  Muh 
iinuiiiuiil.  <lanj,'<f. 

Wi.h  all  .mr  elbuts  >ve  eould  not  make  land,  the 
w.ter  being  too  .halb.w.  We  had  .o  ea.t  auebor.  and, 
to  get  a.bor...  w.  had  .o  go  waiM-.leep  in  ...nu-  partn. 
knee-deep  in  all,  We  bad  with  uh  the  kettle  and  Hour 
to  make  pa«te.  Affr  taking  sonuj  nourishment,  onr 
„c.x.  thought- wan  to  <lry  our  clothes  ho  uh  to  .tart  next 
,l.vy.  In  u  few  days  1  will  give  you  the  M..,uel  ot  ..nr 
dinaster,  and  shall  not  await  your  answer. 

I  au>,  with  all  possible  friendship,  dear  Ihuther,  your 
verv  uU'ectionate  brother. 

KmMAM-EI.   CBESPEt,  Rl'CoUcit. 
Pnaurlorn,  K«»iru»ry  M,  lUi. 


LKTIER   V. 

My  1)k-vu  nituH.KK  :— It  is  not  a  week  Bince  I  wroto 
vou  my  fourth  letter,  and  I  do  not  forget  that  at  the 
dose  I  pronu.ed  to  «end  you  the  fifth  without  delay. 
1  now  keei>  my  word,  and  continue  my  narrutive 

The  cold  increased  8o  mu.  h  during  the  night  that 
the  whole  bay  wa«  frozen  over,  and  our  boat  hemmed 


170 


ilSlli   or   TiiK 


r 


iU 


i 


h 


if 


ill  «tn  ail  •UU'H.  In  vuin  iHd  wo  h(>|w  thul  the  wiml 
wniitd  ili'tiu'li  it ;  duy  hy  day  tho  « old  l)r('itiiii>  nioin 
intviiM'  t  litu  !•'('  K'>t  "t longer,  tiiid  wu  luid  tiu  altciii.idxo 
iiiit  If)  laud  wlial  liltio  had  mvt  Iwni  tliiowii  c)vi>rl)()aid, 
ttiid  lo  l>ri«f{  ill  all  our  |»rovi»ii»ii><.  Wv  iiiadf  ( aliiiii 
whidi  wc  coviMtMl  with  Hr  hraiitlunj  the  tii|itaiii  mid 
ntyM'lf  wero  vemwl  in  thi<  wuy  of  huildiiiK  tlniii,  m»  that 
oura  wiw  one  of  the  niont  conifiMtaljif.  'I'lie  miiloin 
ral-rd  thtirw  ahiiig-sidc  of  (iiirH,  mid,  t«t  holil  tin-  |)iovi<»- 
ioii*.  wt'  rrj'ttcd  ii  litlli-  |>lat««  whi(  h  no  out'  could  niter 
without  iM'iiii^  soon  hy  all.  'riii*  w««  it  neecnntiry  prt*. 
eaiition,  und  to  prevent  miopieion  whieh  niiKht  arine 
ugainst  tlum'  who  had  the  charge  of  it,  and  to  prevent 
tiny  one  from  roii>tuniiiiK  in  ii  few  diiy*  whut  wus  to  sup- 
port us  for  many  long  day". 

The  following  waH  tho  fiirnitiiro  of  tho  npartmeiitH  wo 
hud  made  fm  ouruelvei  ;  tho  iron  pot  in  wlii(  h  we  had 
heated  the  tar,  sierved  m  as  ii  kettle  ;  wo  had  only  one 
axe,  hut  no  stone  to  sharpen  it,  mid  our  only  pre-(>rva. 
tive  against  the  eold,  was  our  c-lothcn  nnd  sonio  half- 
l.urned  hlankcts.  Had  any  of  these  failed  us,  wc  sliouhl 
undouhtedly  have  perished.  Without  fh(«  pot,  it  wdulil 
he  impnssihle  to  cook  anything  to  sustain  life  ;  without 
the  axe,  wv  could  get  no  wood  to  keep  up  our  fire,  and 
without  our  blankets,  had  as  they  were,  there  was  no 
means  of  resisting  tho  excessive  cold  which  almost 
annihilated  us  at  night. 

This  state,  you  will  tell  me,  was  frightful,  mid  notli- 
ing  could  add  to  it  ;  pardon  mc,  dear  brother,  ere  long 
it  will  he  incredible.  Its  horror  augments  at  every 
lino,  and  I  have  much  to  write  you  before  I  come  to 
the  extremity  of  misery  to  which  I  was  reduced. 


o|w  thut  the  vrinil 
cold  l)C('uiiir  more 

•  liait  iiu  alt(  rti.ilivD 
tliri»\vii  ovfiboanl, 

\\  V    iinulf  (iiliiiK 

•  I  tlif  niptaiii  iind 
liling  tlii'iii,  MO  that 
alil*'.  'l'li«  miiloi'M 
to  hold  the  |>iovii«- 
no  Olio  (oiihl  niter 
ii  a  nc'cedwiry  \)vv- 
\\h'u\i  niif^ht  iirixt) 
it,  and  to  |ii«vnit 

y»  wliut  wuM  to  mip- 

f  th»'  iipaitmcnttt  wo 
t  in  which  «o  had 
;  wo  liail  only  one 
our  only  pr(r»<('rva- 
tc*  nnd  Nonu!  half- 
tiiih^d  UH,  wc  Hhoiihl 
lit  th(>  pot,  it  would 
istain  lilV  ;  without 
ccp  up  our  fire,  and 
voro,  thoro  wuh  no 
cohl  which   a)nu)st 

frightful,  nnd  notli- 
ar  hrothci',  vvv  long 
luguicnts  at  every 
ou  before  I  cotnts  to 
was  reduced. 


o«»AX    Ajrn    wit.t)»i«wR''«' 


in 


Our   »olo   n.*ourie   «.i.   to  !«•   ahlc  t«   proh,t.«  o..r 
vx\nt.mc  till  th«  clo.o  of  April,  un.l  t«  «uit  l..r  th.  ..« 
to  in.dt,   iu  order  to  continue  our  vo>nHe  iu  the  »H.at  J 
,hancealon.-.ouhlhTingu»r.liefin   that   -P'"  ^  'f   *"»• 
,„,r..   deluion   to  h-pe   for  any.      l"  thin  erUk  H  ««• 
„,....M«ry  to  e.umim.  .oherly   what  provi.ton.  «e  had, 
and  to  regulate  the  .U.trihution  iu  Mich  a  >^uy  that  tli.y 
Miould   la.t  till   that   lime.      Wo   accor.lingly  regulated 
our   food   n  the  following  I... n.icr:   iu  the  inorn.ng.  wo 
l,„il.,l  in  sno.v.water  two  poiin.U  o.'  I',  ir.  to  have  panto 
„r  gruel  }  iu  the  evening,  wo  cooked   iu  the  .anu  way, 
,d,(mt   the   mune  weight  of  meat  ;   «e  w.  ..•  Mvent-en  Vi 
„.„„|„.r.  and    con.<V"""»y   oach   h,..l  ahoiit  four  oe.ve. 
of  food  a  day.     The..-  wa^  no  idk  of  hread  or  an>th.ng 
cW      »)n<e'u  veik  (Uil)   ,u'  at(*  pean  instead  ol  ir.eat, 
nnd  although  we  had  ..rdy  a  »po..uful  apiece,  it    ^as  ui 
reality,   our  be.t  t.MT.1.      It  waH   not   enough  to  fix  the 
„„  ,„;i(v  of  fo...'  whi.h  we  wre  to  take  ;  we  had  alno  to 
settle   on   our   ocrupitiou..      l-eger.  HaMlc   an.l  luyM-lt. 
nn.lertook    to   cut  the   neeenmiry  wood,  he   tho  weather 
what  it    might ;  Home   others   ngr.-t d   to   earrv    it    n» ; 
otherH,  to  clear  the  mv.w,  or  r;.ther  to  diminuh  Uh  i.epth, 
on  the  road  we  had  m  take  to  tho  ^unak 

\on  will  perhaps  he  Mirprisod  at  my  vndertaku.(^  to 
cn^  wood  -Mi  exercise  for  which  I  was  not  apparently 
„,l;,„,..d,  .1.1  even  you  may  think,  hcyond  my  s-.x-ngth; 
in  o:c  neuse.  yo.  arc  right  ;  hut  when  yo.i  reflect,  that 
vi.,le,.t  exercise  .i en.  the  pun.,  «uo  5V>ve^  vent  to  many 
humors,  that  U  Mould  be  dangeiou. 'o  leave  fe.teruiff 
i„  Uu.  blood,  you  will  ea^i•'y  v.nder-taud  th...  I  owe  my 
pieservation  t^  this  exerci  ..  I  ulwayn  had  loiesight 
to  tire   myself  cxtrenrelv     vhcnever    1    telt   heavy   or 


I  i 


172 


I'V,  IIII.H     OK     T  II  K 


'/.,-. 


fc-vnisli,  and  rHpcrially  when  I  ihmi^lil    ir.VHflf  MTv.tU'il 
l,v   llif  I'.i'l  "'<•      •  iiin.nliiiKly  w«Mit  fvci y  <liiy  int..  tli.! 
m"„o(1s.  anil  tlinr  in  npilr  of  all  ll.r  clluils  to  .  Irar  away 
the  sn..w,  \v«!  (.lUM.  went  waist-d.rit.     'I'liU  was  iiol.  our 
only    tioul.lc    ill    (liin    .•inploynicnl  ;   lla-    li.r^^    in    o«ir 
nfi,i?lilioiliooil  wnr  lull  of  hianrlu^s,  till   m.   loaded  willi 
hnow,   llial,   Hi    till!   liiHl   hln.k(!  .d'  llin  axe,  it.  knocked 
down  flic*  oti«  that  Hirnck  ;  wv  wnc  all  l!ucc  ir-   nu<(«'h- 
sion    tin-own    down,  and  w«!  ollcn  lidl  racli  two  or  tli.r«! 
tinicN.    llicii    wT    (dnlinu<-d    llio    work  ;  mid  wlicn,  l>y 
iT()rnt<'d    hhakiiiK,   the   tree   was   (Us<Mi(;uinhcrr(l  of  tlio 
snow,   w.'  It'llcd  it,  cut  it  in  piocfH,  aii«l  iTt.mncd  to  the 
cal.in,   oiu'h   with  his  load;  thm  onr  coniiiulcH  w(  Mt  for 
tlu*   irst,  or  nithcr   lor   what   was   iici-dcd  ior  that  day. 
\\v   found   this   hard  work,  hut   we    had  to  do  it ;  and 
although  the  fatlKnc  was   extiomo,  cvorything  was  to  l)C 
fi-arod   if  wo   neglfctcd   to   kocj)   it    up   manfully  ,  the 
dilHculty   incirasod  day  hy  day,  for,  as  we  cut  down  the 
wood,  we  had  to  f,'o  further,  and  so   h-nnlheu  our  jonr- 
ncv.    Our  weakness  inercascd,  as  our  toil  hecame  greater. 
Fir  hmnches  thvown  down  without  order,  were  our  bed  ; 
we  wore   devoured  by  vermin,  for  we  had  no  change  of 
clothing  ;  the  smoke  and  siu)W  gave  us  terrible  soreness 
in  the  eyes,  and,  to  complete   our  miseries,  we  became 
at   onco  extremely   costive,  and  afllictcd  by  an  inconti- 
nence of  urino,  which  gave  us  not  a  moment's  rest.     I 
leave   it  to   physicians  to  settle  whence  this  arose  ;  had 
we  known  the  cause,  it  would  not  have  availed  us ;  it  is 
useless  to  learn  the  source  of  an  evil  which  we  cannot 

remedy. 

On  the  24th  of  December,  we  dried  our  chapel  fur- 
niture ;  we  had  a  Uttle  wine  left  j  I  thawed  it,  and  on 


<H.V.\n      AND      W  n.DK  It  N  KMH, 


173 


inVHcIf  nfFiif  Ic'l 
'IV  (liiy  itiio  till! 
Ih  to  <lr;ii-  iiwiiy 
li'iN  \v;is  iKil.  our 
•    liccn    ill    our 

Ml  loaded  witli 
iixe,  it  knocked 
llncc  ii'  .sin'crs- 
icli  two  or  tliicf! 
;  iind  wlicii,  liy 
:UliiliiMr(l  of  tint 

ifluincd  to  tli(! 
ninidcs  w(  Mt.  Cor 
ilrd  ior  that  day. 
lid  to  do  it. ;  and 
ytliiiig  was  to  lie 
I  manfully  i  the 
w(;  cut  down  tlie 
iffllit'u  our  joiii- 

1  becanH;  greater, 
ir,  were  our  bed  ; 
iiad  no  change  of 

tcrribhi  soreness 
cries,  we  became 
id  by  an  inconti- 
loment's  rest.     I 

2  this  arose  ;  had 
I  availed  us ;  it  is 
which  we  cannot 

d  our  chapel  fur- 
lawed  it,  and  on 


Chri^fmaH  day,  miid  Maxs  ;  wlifii  it  wan  nvrr,  T  rnadf  fi 
hliorl  di't'oiirHC  to  ftxliorf,  our  folks  to  jKitifnrc.  It  vv;m 
a  kind  of  |);u;di»l  lutwrcn  what  llif  \\\\<>r  of  thr;  world 
had  fiiilfircd,  and  what  we  endured,  and  I  rloscfl  by 
cxliorfinf;  them  to  ofler  their  paint  to  our  f,or'!,  and  by 
aHHurin^  tin  in  that,  thin  ofh-rinK  wax  a  title  to  obtain  tin; 
end  and  rri  oinpf  rise.  We  can  exjiresH  iniifli  bet'er  the 
eviN  we  feel,  than  thfme  wc  xee  otherw  experienre.  My 
words  had  thf?  effect,  I  expe'f/'d  ;  each  one  resumed 
couraf^e,  and  reHi^^nr-d  himself  to  Htiff'T,  till  if  should 
pl(!ase  (Jod  to  call  him  to  himself,  or  to  rescue  us  from 
danger. 

On  the  first  of  January,  eonsiderablft  rain  fell  all  day, 
and,  as  we  could  not  nheiter  ourHelves  from  it,  we  had 
to  go  to  sleep  nil  wet,  and  during   the  night,  a  vioh.-nt 
norther,  so  to  speak,  froze  us  in  our  cabin,  broke  up  all 
the  ice  in  the  .j:'y,  and  carried  the  fragments  off  with 
our  longboat ;    a  man  named  Foueault  informed  us  of 
this   by   a   loud  cry;  we  sought,  in  vain,  the  spot  to 
which  it  had  been  carried.     Judge  of  our  consternation  ; 
tliis  accident  crowned  our  misfortunes,  and  took  away 
all    hopes    of  seeing  them  end  ;  I  felt    all    the  conse- 
quences of  it  ;  I  sav.  despair  seize  on  all  ;  some  wished 
to  cat   at  once  what  food  we  had,  and  go  die  at  the  foot 
of  some  tree  ;  others  no  longer  wished  to  work,  and,  to 
justify   tlieir  refusal,  said,  that  it  was  useless  to  prolong 
their  paiii,  as  there  was  no  apparent  hope  of  escaping 
starvation.  What  a  situation,  my  dear  brother  !    It  would 
touch  the  hardest  heart.     I  shed  tears  as  I  write  it,  and 
I  know  you  are  too  sensitive  to  the  miseries  of  otbeta, 
to  think  that  you  can  read  my  letter  unmoved. 

I  had  need  to  recall  all  my  strength  to  oppose  my 


174 


PERILS     Ol?     THE 


companions  j  the  best  reasons  which  I  alleged,  seemed 
to  excite  impatience,  and  make  them  feel  mere  poignantly 
their  wrotched  state.  As  the  mildness  by  which  I  had 
hoped  to  dissuade  them  from  their  course  had  failed,  I 
assumed  a  tone  which  my  character  authorized  ;  I  told 
them,  with  a  boldness  at  which  they  were  surprised, 
that  "  Go  1  was  doubtless  irritated  against  us ;  that  he 
measured  the  evils  which  he  sent  us,  by  the  crimes  we  had 
previously  committed  ;  -that  these  crimes  were  doubtless 
enormous,  as  the  punishment  had  been  so  rigorous,  and 
that  the  greatest  of  all  was  our  despair,  which,  unless 
speedily  followed  by  repentance,  would  become  irremis- 
sible.  How  do  you  know,  my  brethren,  but  that  you 
are  at  the  close  of  your  penance?  The  time  of  the 
greatest  sufferings,  is  that  of  the  greatest  mercy ;  do 
not  become  unworthy  of  it  by  your  murmurs ;  the  first 
duty  of  a  Christian  is  to  submit  blindly  to  the  orders  of 
his  Creator ;  and  you,  rebel  hearts.  Would  you  resist 
him  ?  Would  you  lose  in  an  instant,  the  fruit  of  the 
evils  which  God  sends  you,  only  to  render  you  worthy 
of  the  good  things  ^hich  he  reserves  for  his  children  ? 
Would  you  become  homicides^  and,  to  escape  transient 
pain,  not  fear  to  rush  into  torments  which  have  no 
bounds,  but  etsrnity  ?  Follow  your  guilty  resolve, 
accomplish  your  horrible  design,  I  have  done  my  duty ; 
it  is  your  business  to  think  that  you  are  then  lost  for- 
ever. Yet  I  hope,  I  added,  that  among  you,  there  will 
be  som2  at  least  so  attached  to  the  law  of  their  God,  as 
to  regard  my  remonstrance,  and  that  they  will  join  me 
in  offering  him  their  pains,  and  asking  strength  to 
bear  them." 

When   I   had  finished,  I   wiphed  to  retire,  but  all 


1 


:^    1 


alleged,  seemed 
mci-e  poignantly 
jv  which  I  had 
0  had  failed,  I 
;horized  ;  I  told 
were  surprised, 
1st  us ;  that  he 
e  crimes  we  had 
i  were  doubtless 
10  rigorous,  and 
:,  which,  unless 
become  irremis- 
1,  but  that  you 
'he  time  of  the 
test  mercy ;  do 
rmurs ;  the  first 
to  the  orders  of 
ould  you  resist 
the  fruit  of  the 
ider  you  worthy 
'or  his  children  ? 
escape  transient 
which  have  no 
guilty  resolve, 
:  done  my  duty  ; 
ire  then  lost  for- 
you,  there  will 
if  their  God,  as 
ley  will  join  me 
ting   strength  to 

3  retire,  but   all 


OCEAN     AND     WILDERNESS. 


176 


■topped  me,    and   begged  me  to  pardon  the  excess  of 
despair  into  which  they  had  fallen ;  they  promised  mo 
with  tears,  that  they   would  no  longer  provoke  Heaven 
by  their  murmurs  and  impatience,  and  that  they  would 
redouble  their  efforts  to  preserve  a  life  of  which  God, 
alone,  and  not  they,  was  Master  to  dispose  of  it.     Each 
one  immediately  resumed  his  ordinary  occupation  ;  I 
went  to  the  woods  with  my  two  comrades,  and,  when 
we  got  buck,  the  other  two  went  for  the  wood  we  had 
cut      When  all  were  again  together,  I  told  them  that, 
having  still  wine  enough  for  two  or  three  Masses,  it 
would  be  well  for  me  to  celebrate  one,  to  ask.  of  the 
Holy  Ghost,  the  strength  and  light  which  we  needed. 
The  weather  cleared   on   the  6th  of  January ;  I  chose 
that  day  to  say  the  Mass  ;  scarcely  had  I  finished  it, 
when  Mr.  Vaillant  and  Foucault,  the  chief  steward,  a 
strong  tuid  vigorous  man,  informed  us  of  their  resolu- 
tion to  go  and  look  for  the  longboat.     I   greatly  praised 
their  zeal  in  exposing  themselves  thus  for  their  com- 
panions.    However  we  may  be  situated,  we  like  praise  ; 
self-love  never  leaves  us  but   with  life.     They  had  not 
been  gone  two  hours,  when  we  saw  them  coming  back 
with  r.  contented  air,  which  made  us  believe  that  they 
had  some  good  news  to  tell  us ;  this  conjecture  was  not 
fdse  for  Mr.  Vaillant  said,  that,  after  walking  an  hour 
with  Foucault,  they  had  perceived  a  little  cabin  and 
two  bark   canoes  ;  that,  on  entering,  they  had   found 
seals,  fat,  and  an  axe,  which  they  brought  off,  and  that 
impatience  to  announce  this  to  their  companions,  had 
prevented  their   going  further.     I   was   in   the  Wood 
when  they  came  back  ;  the  Sieur  de  Senneville  r^m  to 
tell  me  of  the  discovery  which  Mr.  Vaillant  and  Fou- 


176 


PERILS     OF     THE 


cault  had  just  made  ;  I  hurried  back  to  the  cabin,  and  1 
begged  our  two  men  to  detail  all  that  thoy  had  seen ; 
they  repeated  what  they  hod  told  the  others.  Every 
word  spread  hope  and  joy  over  my  heart  ;  I  seized  that 
occasion  to  extol  the  care  of  Providence  over  those  Mho 
resign  themselves  entirely  to  it^  and  exhorted  all  to  re- 
turn thanks  to  God  for  the  favor  which  he  had  just 
done  us.  The  nearer  a  man  is  to  the  brink  of  the 
precipice,  the  more  grateful  he  is  to  his  deliverer.  You 
may  judge  whether  our  gratitude  was  lively.  A  i'vw 
days  before,  we  believed  ourselves  hopelessly  lost,  and, 
when  we  despaired  of  receiving  any  assistance,  we 
learned  that  there  were  Indians  on  the  island,  and  that, 
towiuds  the  end  of  March,  they  could  aid  us,  when  they 
would  return  to  the  cabin  to  raise  their  canoes. 

This  discovery  renewed  the  courage  of  those  who  had 
made  it.  They  started  next  day  full  of  the  confidence 
which  the  first  success  gave  ;  they  hoped  to  find  our 
longboat ;  their  hope  was  not  deceived,  for,  after  going 
a  little  further  than  before,  they  perceived  it  off  shore, 
and  on  returning  found  and  brought  with  them  a  trunk 
full  of  clothes  which  we  had  thrown  overboard,  daring 
that  night  of  which  I  have  spoken. 

On  the  tenth,  although  the  weather  M-at;  -.ery  cold, 
wo  all  went  to  try  and  put  our  boat  in  a  place  of  safety ; 
but  being  full  of  ice,  and  that  which  lay  around  making 
it  like  a  little  mountain,  it  w-as  iinpossildo  for  us  to  draw 
it  ashore ;  a  hundred  men  would  not  have  succeeded 
without  great  difKcuity  ;  and  even  then  many  would 
run  the  risk  of  perishing  in  the  attempt.  This  obstacle 
did  not  cause  us  much  grief;  to  all  appearance  the  own- 
ers of  the  two  canoes  had  a  larger  craft  with  which  they 


♦    n 


OOBAN     AND     WILDKRKE98, 


m 


the  Ciibin,  and  1 

thpy  had  seen  j 
others.     Kveiy 

;  I  seized  that 
over  those  M'ho 
norted  all  to  ro- 
ich  he  had  just 
le  brink  of  the 
Iclivcrer.  You 
lively.  A  few 
essly  lost,  and, 

assistance,    we 
land,  and  that, 
I  us,  when  they 
:anoes. 
f  those  who  had 

the  confidence 
)ed  to  find  our 
"or,  after  poing 
ed  it  off  shore, 
h  them  a  trunk 
jrboard,  during 

was  -.ery  cold, 
place  of  safety ; 
around  making 
1  for  us  to  draw 
have  succeeded 
n  many  would 
This  obstacle 
arance  the  own- 
vith  which  they 


had  crossed,  and  wc  hoped  to  profit  by  i.>N^a^ 
dinclv  returned  to  our  cubm  ;  scarcely  h.ul  we  taKin 

";!     when  the  cold  sei.ed  Foucault  so  as  to  prever. 

J  n  fJm  walking  ;  wo  were  obliged  to  carry  h.m,  an 
then  we  got  him  to  the  cabin,  he  gave  up  las  soul  to 

'"on  the  twenty-third,  our  master  carpenter  sank  under 
the  hardships;  L  had  time  to  confess  und  dtcd  a       - 
cove  Christian.     Although  many  of  us  had  our  leg. 
ollen,  .e  lost  no  one  from  the  twenty-thud  ol    Janu- 
lll  the  sixteenth  of  February  ;  the  e.pectat.ou  o 
he'c     e  of  March  supported  us.  and  we  already  thought 
.      wthose  from  whom  we  hoped  for  rescue,  urrtvu.g 
but  God\ud  ordain  that  all  should  profit  by  the  rehef 
'  hich  he  sent  us,  the  designs  of  his  Provu  ence  are 
Ls  rutable.  and,  contrary  as  their  effect,  may  oe  to     s 
:    cannot  without  blasphemy,  accuse  th-n  «f  .nj..s.ce 
what  we  call  evil  is  often,  in  the  destgns  of  our  C.ea.o  , 
,  benefit ;  and,  whether  he  rewards  or  pun^she^    ^ 
whether  he  tries   us  by  misfortune  or  prospenty,  we 
alwavs  owe  him  thanksgiving. 

Farewell,  my  dear  brother,  I  expect  to  hear  from  yoa 
n.y  letter  is  lung  enough  ;  I  .vish  to  let  you  sympatb.e 
"fth  me  for  a  time ;  this  is  a  right  whtch  I  beUeve  I 
mav  require  from  your  affection. 

Tarn!  and  ever  shall  be,  my  dea.  brother,  your  afiec 
tionate  brother,  ^^^^^^^^^^  ^^^^^  ^^^^^^^^^^ 

Pftderborn,  February  28,  1742. 


ITi 


PWmi%M    OF     THK 


LETTER   VI, 


My  Di-ar  BwrniEK  r—I  nxpectcd  to  liuiir  from  you 
on  the  fifteenth,  or,  at  latest,  the  eighteentli  of  this 
Pioiith.  It  is  now  the  twenty-fifth,  and  I  hviiv  nothing 
of  you.  Your  sentiments  in  my  rcgurd  do  not  allow  mc 
to  suppose  that  this  delay  is  cause!!  l)y  any  cooliioss  or 
indifrcience ;  I  prefer  to  think  that  hiisiness  beyond 
your  control  has  prevented  you,  and  to  siiow  you  that 
I  do  not  Make  your  silence  a  crime,  1  for  the  third  time 
take  the  advance  of  you, 

I  closed  my  last  letter  by  saying  that  we  had  reached 
the  beginning  of  J'obruary,  sustained  by  the  hope  of 
soon  seeing  the  term  of  our  misery,  but  that  God  had 
otherwise  disposed,  and,  my  dear  brother,  this  I  wish  to 
exp'ain  to  you  to-day. 

On  the  sixteenth,  the  Sieur  de  Freneuse,  our  captain, 
died  after  receiving  Extreme  Unction  ;  some  hours  after, 
Jerome,  the  boatswain,  confessed  and  departed  this  life 
with  admirable  resignation.  Towards  evening,  a  young 
man  named  Girard  paid  the  same  tribute  to  nature  ;  he 
had  for  some  days  prep.ued  to  appear  before  God.  A 
disease  of  the  legs  which  hal  come  on  from  warming 
himself  too  near,  had  induced  him  to  put  his  conscieMco 
in  order ;  in  this  1  aided  him.  Ife  made  a  general 
confession,  and  the  contrition  which  he  seemed  to 
have  for  his  sins,  make  me  think  he  deserved  pardon. 
Our  master  gunner  fell  the  next  night  into  a  debility 
from  which  he  never  recovered;  and  finally  llobert, 
another  boatswain,  was  attacked  by  the  sickness  which 
had  carried  rff  the  others ;  I  prepared  him  to  make  an 


<f4  ^ii  I  <»<■»>— iai»j> 


ear  from  you 
eenth  of  this 
hear  nothing 
not  nllow  mo 
'  coolness  or 
iness  beyond 
low  you  that 
he  third  time 

had  reached 

the  liope  of 

[ittt  God  had 

his  I  wish  to 

,  our  captain, 
e  hours  after, 
ted  this  life 
ing,  a  young 

nature  ;  he 
jre  God.  A 
am  warming 
is  conscieMce 
le  a  general 

seemed  to 
ved  pardon. 
0  a  debility 
dly  llobert, 
kness  which' 
to  make  an 


OCEAN      ANP     WII-DBRNE8a 


179 


ahj.iration  ;  he  was  a  Calvinist;  and  I  avow  that  .t  was 
mt  casv  to  make  him  a  Cath  Uc  ;  fortunately,  the  good- 
ness of'the  cause  which  I  maintained  supplied  the  stead 
of  the    necessary    talents;    the    I'rotestants    are    wcl 
instructed,  we  must  admit ;  I  was  twenty  times  amazed 
at  Robert's  arguments.     What  a  pity,  then,  the  basis  of 
Calvinism  rests  on  a  false  principle !     1  exclann— AN  hat 
a  pity  the  Calvinists  arc  not  of  our  communion  !     With 
what  success  would  they  not  defend  the  right  cause, 
when  they  so  vigorously  sustain  a  bad  one ! 

At  last  this,  Robert  understood,   and  chose  to  avoid 
the  danger  of  dying  in  any  othci  creed  than  ours.     On 
the  twenty-fourth  of  February,  he  made  an  abjuration, 
repeated  his  profession  of  faith,  and  went  to  receive  in  a 
better  life  the  reward  of  the  evils  he  had  Buffered  in 
this.     As  the.sc  died,  we  put  their  bodies  in  the  snow 
beside  the  cabin.     There  was  doubtless  a  want  of  pru- 
dence  in  putting  our  dead  so  near  us,  but  we  had  not 
courage  and  strength  to  carry  them  further;   besides, 
our  situi^bn  did  not  permit  us  to  think  of  every  thing, 
and  we  did  n«t  ^ee  any  ground  to  fear  the  neighborhood 
of  what  n.ighf  m  corrupt  the  air  as  to  hasten-  our  end, 
or  rather  we  thought  that  the   excessive    cold,    which 
prevailed,  would  prevent  the  corruption  from  producing 
on  us    any   of  the  effects  which  it  would   have  been 
rational  to  dread  in  other  circumstances. 

So  many  deaths  in  so  short  a  time,  spread  terror 
among  all.  Wretched  as  man  may  be.  he  never  looks 
without  horror  on  the  moment  which  is  to  end  his  mis- 
eries, by  depriving  him  of  life.  Some  bewailed  their 
wives  and  children,  and  bemoaned  the  state  of  misery 
into  which  their  death   would  plunge  their   families; 


{ 


180 


1* R  n  1 1, 8     OF     THE 


Others  kept  compliiining  of  hc-iiiK  cnrriofl  off  at  nn  npo 
when  they  only  hogan  to  enjoy  lif,.  j  ^„„,o.  „.„sil.I,.  to 
•Lo  <  harms  off,  in.d.hip.uttachfd  f„  home,  aii.l  (U.>lim,l 
to  ngiffal.lu,  and  advanfngeuiiM  positions  in  lif,.,  uUnvd 
crwH  which  it  was  impcsMbh;  to  hear  without  .hidding 
tears:  every  word  thoy  uttered  cut  me  to  the  hear.  • 
H.-arcely  had  I  strength  left  to  con.oh..  At  firnt  I 
mingled  my  toarn  with  theirs :  I  'couhl  not,  without 
iMJn*tice,  refuse  them  this  consohttion,  nor  .•ond..mn 
their  grief.  This  conduct  wan  dangerous,  and  J  «aw  no 
course  more  proper  than  to  allow  the  effect  of  their  first 
n«fle(tions  to  subside.  Tlic  object  of  their  regr<-t  did 
not  make  thorn  guilty ;  what  couhl  I  condemn  in  their 
grief?  It  were  an  attempt  to  stifle  nature,  to  hilence  it 
on  an  occasion  when  it  would  be  worthy  of  contempt,  if 
it  were  insensible. 

The  circum-stances  in  which  we  wore  could  not  bo 
more  distressing.  To  see  one's  self  die,  to  see  friends 
•lie,  unable  .a  help  them  ;  to  be  uncertain  of  the  fate  of 
thirteen  persons,  whose  boat  had  been  wrecked  ;  to  have 
no  doubt  that  the  twenty-four  near  the  vessel  wore  not 
at  least  as  wretched  as  ours-Iv-js ;  to  be  ill  fed,  -11 
clothed,  worn  out,  with  sore  legs,  eaten  up  bv  vermin 
blinded  continually,  either  by  the  snow  or  bv  the 
smoke,  such  was  our  condition  ;  each  one  of  us  a  pic- 
t.m-ofdr.athr  we  shuddered  to  look  at  each  other- 
and  what  passed  in  myself  justified  my  comrade's  lam' 
entations. 

Violent  grief  is  never  lasting,  and  extreme  evils  more 
frequently  fail  to  find  expression  than  moderate  ones. 

As  soon  as  I  saw  them  plunged  in  that  silence  which 
u8uaUy  follows  tews  excited  by  a  great  misfortune,  and 


T 


I 


i 


!l 


OCEAN      ANU     Wll.DKRNKrtH. 


Ibl 


off  at  nn  ngo 
0,  wnnihlo  to 
,  and  (U'stimd 
1  life,  utfcifd 
loiit  hlu-dditif,' 
U)  fho  hcaii  ; 
At  fii(*t,  [ 
not,  Avitlumt 
lor  coiidcinu 
and  I  saw  no 
t  of  their  lirht 
ir  rvgrvt  did 
lonin  in  tlioir 

to  hilcnco  it 
'contempt,  if 

;ould  not  bo 
)  Hco  frif-nds 
uf  the  fate  of 
;ed  ;  to  Iiavo 
el  were  not 
'  ill  fed,  ai 
>  by  vermin, 
'■  or  by  the 
of  us  a  pic- 
each  other ; 
tirade's  1am- 

e  evils  more 
rate  ones, 
lence  which 
brtune,  and 


i 


marl^ing    an  cxcosmvc  grief,  I    endeavored  to  con.ol« 
thcni,  and  this  is  about  wiiat  I  huid. 

••  I  cannot  condemn  your  lanientaticmH,  my  dour  chil- 
dren, and  Uod  will  doiddoHH  hear  them  favorably.     We 
have  more  than  once  experienced  in  our    misery    the 
elleits  of  his  goodness.     Our  longboat  open  at  every 
warn,    vet  nustained  and  buoyed  ui)   the  night  of  our 
Hhipwreck;  the  resolution  of  the  twenty-four  men  who 
sacrificed  themselves  for  us  ;  and,  above  all,  the  discov- 
ery of  the  two  Indian  canoes,  are  events  whi.  h  clearly 
prove  the  protection  whi.h  ( Jod  aifonls  us.     I  le  d.M  nb- 
„tes  his  favors  only  by  degrees.      He  wishen   us,   beloie 
he  completes  them,  to  render  ourselves   worthy   by  our 
resignation  in  suHering  the  evils  which  it  shall  please 
him  to  send  us.     Let  us  not  despidr  of  his   I'ri.videncc  ; 
it  never  abandons  those  who  submit  entirely  to  his  will. 
If  (Jod  does  not  deliver  us  in  an  instant,  it  is  because  he 
deems  it  proper  to  use  for  that  puri)08e  apparently  nat- 
ural means;  he  has  alr.-ady  begun  by  lea.ling  the  Sieur 
Vaillaiit  and  Iklasicr  Foucault  to  the    spot    where    the 
canoes  are;  let  us  re.t  assured  that  he  Nvill  accomplish 
this  work.     Tor  my  own    part,  1  have    no    doubt    he 
intends  those  canoes  for  our  deliverance.     This  relict, 
my  dear  children,  must  soon  be  oflcrcd  us :  we  have 
almost  reached  the  mouth  of  March,  the  time  when  the 
Indians  will  come  and  take  their  canoes  ;  the  term  w 
not  long  ;  let  us  have  patience,  and  redouble  our  atten- 
tion   to  discover  the  coming  of  those    from  whom  we 
expect  relief.     They  doubtless   have  a   sloop ;    let    us 
implore  God  to  dispose  them  to  take  us  ui ;  he-  holds 
in  his  hands  the  hearts  of  all  men ;  he  will  soften  for 
us  the  hearts  of  these  Indians;    he  will  excite  then- 
u 


lit 


PS  HI  I.N    or    Till, 


coinpiiHfiuMi  in  oiii  fuvor  ami  our  coiifidfiia'  in  liis  g»orl> 
lu'SH,  joiiu<l  t»  llu-  Niuiilirc  which  we  will  iniike  him  of 
our  \mm  Mill  nuiit  wh(\t  wo  hhK." 

I  thru  tell  on  n>y  linocs^  und  ifcitcd  «)nr>c  pr  <vri» 
iidiipfrd  I.I  our  Nitiiiition  nnd  w.inti*  i  .ill  unifiiffd  mv, 
and  nono  thcnight  inoro  ol' inn  iviU  hnt  tf>  offi-r  lh(«»»  to 
(iod.  Wo  worn  tiinninil  enough  fill  ihr  fifth  of  March  j 
MO  hc'hidd  with  joy  the  .(loini'nt  of  our  dohvory 
uppro.uhinf?,  wo  ulniONt  touchod  it,  hut  (iod  af,'iun  choiio 
to  iidliit  UH,  and  i>nt  onr  patitmee  to  new  trinlH. 

On  tho  bixth  of  Manh,  Asli-Widnc^dHy,  uhont  two 
oVhx'k  in  the  morning,  u  hnivy  >*now,  (hivcn  hy  a  vio- 
h;nt  norfli  wind,  tillod  up  our  cup  of  niiMcry :  it  f«'ll  «o 
drop  that  it  woon  filk^l  our  cahin,  and  drovo  m  into  tho 
•ailors'.  It  cntert'd  hore  as  much  as  into  onrs,  hut,  m  it 
was  hirgcr,  we  had  more  room  ;  our  fir«  wan  otit ;  wo 
iiad  no  mcaiiM  of  making  another,  a»i«l  to  warm  ns  wo 
liad  no  recourse  hnt  to  huddk!  dose  to  each  other.  Wo 
went  to  tho  sailord'  cahin  ahont  eight  o'clock  in  tho 
morning  of  Wedncs(hiy,  carrying  our  blanket  and  a  ViuIp 
raw  ham,  w  hieh  we  ate  as  Boon  i\h  we  got  in  ;  we  then 
threw  tlie  snow  into  a  corner  of  the  cahin,  spread  the 
huge  i)lankct  on  the  ground,  hiy  «iown  on  it,  and  tho 
fragments  of  the  small  ones  served  to  shi(<l(l  us  from  tho 
snow  more  than  from  the  cold.  In  tluH  state  wo 
remained  without  fire,  and  without  eating  or  drinking 
anything  hut  snow,  till  Saturday  morning. 

I  then  resolved  to  go  out,  cold  as  it  was,  to  bring  some 
wood  and  flour  to  make  paste.  It  was  risking  life  not 
to  expose  it  to  seek  relief  against  cold  and  hunger. 
During  the  three  days  and  nights  we  had  spent  in  the 
sailors'  cabin,  I  hud  seen  four  or  live  men  die  with  their 


I'  ill  his  goorl' 
liiifke  hini  (if 

some  i^r^iypm 
iniitiih-ii  mv, 
oiUr  \\\vm  to 
ftliot'  iMiiirht 
our  (Iclivoiy 
(1  a^iiiti  choHO 
litilH. 

y,  ubout  two 
'Oil  by  n  vio- 
ly :  ii  f«'ll  so 
r  u»  into  tlio 
)ur8,  but,  iiH  it 
wan  out  ;  we 
warm  us  wo 
I  other.  Wo 
clock  in  th« 
ft  and  a  littlo 
in  ;  wo  fhcn 
I,  uprcad  tho 
n  it,  and  tlio 
I  us  from  tho 
luH  state  wo 
or  drinking 

o  bring  sonio 
iing  life  net 
and  hunger, 
spent  in  tho 
lie  with  their 


OCKAN      V  N  II     WILIIK-MN  »)»«.  ••• 

leg.  and  \xm,U  .omplotoly  fr<i/oii ;  wo  wern  fnrt.iiutW 
uol  t..  be  Mup.iM-d  ill  the  name  was,  for  the  .obi  wa^-il 
ini.iis..  .Ml  W'.diHMluv,  rbun..lay  uii.l  I'liduv,  tlwt  tho 
hardoHt  nmii  wu.ibl  buvo  iiif  Ulilily  dio.l  lu*d  he  Kono  ont 
of  til.  <ubiii  for  fen  mimile-i.  Yon  m^.y  jud«o  by  what 
I  iim  Koiiti{  to  t.'ll  yon  :  ll"'  w.  ..ther  having  be.'oiiie  a 
littl.  ihiblei-  OK  S.am-.luy,  I  .leteimiiud  to  go  out} 
Ixger,  IWb  una  I'oo.ault,  resolved  to  follow  mo  }  wo 
were  not  over  ii  .luaiter  of  an  hour  g.-tting  the  ib.ur, 
mil  yet  Ha.ilo  and  Toiuault  bail  ib.ir  hun.lH  ami  lout 
r,()/eu  on  tliut  journey,  ai'd  die.l  a  few  days  al^.-r. 

\\  e  w.M'.  uiiablf  to  go  t.i  the  w.M,dH,  whi.h  the  snow 
ren.leied  iiiu.ec»*iblo,  and  wo  wouUl  have  run  the  iinH 
of  perinbing  ba.l  wo  aUempted  to  overcome  this  olml...'  e. 
We  were,  th.refo.e,  obliged  to  make  our  paste  c.d.l, 
ea.  b  one  h:vd  about  three  ounces,  and  wc  well-nigh  pai.l 
with  our  liv.  s  this  little  rdiof,  for  all  night  long  wo" 
»ere  tormented  by  nuch  a  cruel  thirst,  and  devoured  by 
.uch  a  violent  fever,  that  we  thought  every  moment 
that  we  should  be  coiKiumcd. 

On  Sm.div,  the  lOth,  Furst,  D-ger,  and  myself, 
availe.1  .invselves  of  the  weather,  which  wa«  pretty 
good,  to  go  and  get  a  lit'lo  wood  ;  we  were  the  only 
ones  able  to  walk,  but  the  cold  wc  had  to  endure,  and 
tbe  hardship  wo  h;ul  to  undergo,  in  clearing  away  the 
snow,  well-nigh  r.nluced  nn  to  the  same  state  as  the 
rest ;  fortunately,  vre  held  ..uf  against  both  ;  we  brought 
in  some  wood/miule  a  lire,  and,  with  snow  water  and 
a  llttb-  flour,  we  had  a  very  thin  paste,  which,  in  some 
slight  degree,  alleviated  our  thirst. 

All  the  wood  which  we  brought  in,  was  burnt  up  by 
eight  o'clock,  and  the  night  was  »o  cold,  that  the  elder 


i 


PKHII.M     ()»■    Tilt 


Bieiir  Viiiliiint  wm  fouinl  di'ttil  in  tho  luoriiin^.  'I'tiU 
ftfcitli'iil:  U'il  V\mt,  I<i*gt<r,  iiitil  iiiyM'it',  to  iliiiik  it  Imi- 
tt'i'  to   M'tnu   til  oar  own  i-uliiit  (  it  wim  mnulti'r,  im<l 

COIIoftlUnitl)    MlllllUI    tlllll)   tllilt   of   flu-   Xlliloio  J    tll«  PtllOW 

had  !>lo|i|K'il,  ait<l  lluui'  >».)<•  no  »igi>  ot  iiiiollirl'  pttiow- 
Mtorm.  (iii'tit  iiM  >vuN  our  wiuikucnN,  \vi>  iiiulntook  In 
tlii'ow  out  of  our  Hint  I'liliin,  llio  miow  luul  ice  wtiit-h 
fili«'(l  it  ;  ««  hion^lif  in  tww  Wr  hnnulion  for  Iwdt,  ve 
Vi'iit  lor  wood,  iiimI  li>^liti'd  a  meat  fiir  iimitlc  niid  o  it- 
vide  of  tlic  ruliiu  to  waiiii  ii  tlioioii^ldy.  Altir  tld" 
work,  wini'li  liad  ^ri'iitly  fali^ncd  um,  wo  went  for  our 
ronipanioni^.  I  luoiii^lit  tlio  SiiMirii  do  Scniu'villr,  luid 
^  . till. lilt  tilt'  \oiiii^{t'r,  wlioxc  li'f^i  and  arni«  wort'  fro/on. 
Ml.  Ii'  N  aHMCiir,  llaHilc,  iiiitl  Foiuaiiit,  1<hs  alllirtft!  tliati 
tlif  otlit'iN,  tJiidoavori'd  to  crawl  along  witlioiit  liidpi  wo 
laid  them  on  tito  lirani'liL's  which  wc  hud  pripand,  antl 
not  into  IcH  tht'iii  till  after  dt'utli. 

On  the  ITtii,  Hasilc  Locanif  iiisrnsihle,  antl  tliod  two 
duvH  after.  I'oiicault,  who  was  of  u  hiody  con.sti'ution, 
ontl  wuH  young,  biiHorcd  a  violent  agonv  ;  hiH  Ktr.gglo* 
with  death  nuulo  uh  trend)lt),  nor  hiivo  I  evor  rvan  a 
nioro  terrible  night.  I  endeavored  to  do  my  duty  on 
theho  satl  o('eanioii8,  antl  1  hope,  from  the  divint!  good- 
lioHs,  that  my  care  ha«  not  been  useless  for  the  salvation 
of  the  dying. 

Our  i)rf) visions  drew  near  the  end  ;  we  had  ro  more 
flour  ;  wo  had  scarcely  ten  pounds  of  peas;  we  hud  net 
iteven  ])ouinl8  of  eandlcN,  nor  as  much  pork  ;  and  our 
h>t  ham  tlid  not  weigh  at  best  three  pounds.  It  was 
time  to  (liink  of  other  means  of  living;  accordingly, 
]^egcr  and  I,  for  Furst,  our  mate,  was  unable,  went  at 
low  water  t<»  get  shell-fish ;  the  weather  was  pretty  fair, 


toriiih);.  TtiU 
to  tliiiik  it  lii't> 
IN  MhiiilU'r,  tivA 
li»i" ;  tl»«»  »>iii>w 
iiuotlii  r  Niinw- 
.•  iiitilcitiiok  to 
iiiitl  lev  whii'li 
t>n  fur  IhmU,  Mi» 
iiKiili'  ntid  O'lt" 
ly.  Al'iiT  tlii- 
I  wt'iu  lor  <.iii' 
■iciiiu'viUr,  1111(1 

l«4    W('l«'    tVll/l'll. 

H  adlii  fft!  than 
lioiil  !u'lp  i  wc 
I  prt'jmn'il,  utul 

',  and  dio'l  two 
Iv  coijsti'ulion, 
;  hU  Ktr.'KI^U'A 
I'  I  Kvor  ft'on  u 
ilo  my  duty  on 
V  diviiH!  f'ood- 
}{  the  Nulvation 

fc  had  ro  nioic 
iiH  ;  wo  hud  net 
pork  ;  and  one 
jiuids.  It  was 
5 ;  accordin-jly, 
unahh",  went  ut 
was  prttty  fair, 


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CIHM/ICMH 

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I 


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OCIKAN      ANI>      VVII.nr-.RNKHH, 


lfi5 


luKt.  f...n..I  ..n  ,■.  s  ■■-hiirik,  ii  kin.l  cC  '.vst-T,  will,  mm-I.! 
H1..-11  ;  w  l.n.iiKl.t  al'.i.K  i.H  ««•  < ""I'l  :  '1">  ^^•■•"  f'"'"'' 
a„,l  vM..n.N.T  llw  xv.Mtlicr  ;.n.l  ll..'  ti<l.'  I-""'"'''-  "" 
WM.f  im.l  lai.l  it.  ;.  hK..  k  ;  l.'.f  fh.-y  r.,s|,  ns  pn'lty  «l'Mr, 
for,  on  m.rl.inK  ll"'  n.l.in.  -nr  I^.m.Is  mihI  fr.t  ^^.•M•  I-..!, 
swoUrn.  :....!  Ml.nos.  fn./.n,  I  ,li.l  n.,.  .li^-.n,hl<'  l-om 
myself  111.'  <li>"t,'<'r  !  nin  in  ..n.wih^'  to.,  olt.h  this  kii.rl 
„r  ♦isl..My  ;  I  si.w  tl..;  mi.sc.|Ufnf.',  l.i.t  «1.M  wi,^  to  l.o 
,Unri  \Vi'  nmsf  live,  or  rath.T  l-nt  oir,  for  a  f.w  .liys, 
tli(!  motiiciit  of  onr  dratli. 

Our  sick  <ompiu.ioMH  ^n-w  worse  daily;  t^'im^'rene  set 
i„   their  le«s,  aiwl   no  one  eonld  .Ires,  t.liern  ;    I  un.Ier- 
f„„k    thin  eharge;   it,   vvas   in-urnl-ent  on    ine   to -ive  an 
exa.nple  of  that,  .harity   ^vhieh   is  the  l.ase  ol   onr  ho  y 
reli-Ion,  vM,  for  .^onn.  „K,m..nt>,  I  wavered  h^wren  the 
,„,,•„,  ..f'fnliillinK'  n.y  ohli^ations,  an<l  the    danger    of 
diMhar^in^  the.n  ;  Cod  ^'ave  me  «raer.  to  tr.nn.ph   over 
mv  repMK„ane,,- ;  dnty  prevailel,  anr!  althon^h  the  tune 
„,••  ,l,,,,si„g    tnv    eomrades'    sores    was  th..  n.ost  <ru<\  .n 
,1„.  ,lav,  I  nev.-r  relaxed  the  eare  I  owerl   thr:rn.      I  will 
inform  von,  in  my  seventh  l.-ct..r,  of  the  natnre  of  these 
sores,  and   von    ,nav  jndf,'n  how   well    fo...>ded   was  the 
repngnanee  5  first  felt  to  dr.'ssing  them,  or   rath.n-   yon 
vill   see  how  excnsablc  it  was  as  a  first  imprf-sion.     1 
was   well  rewarded   for   my   pam  ;  the   pratit.ule  of  the 
sufferers   is    inronreivaV.le.      «'What!"    said  one.  "  you 
expose  yourself  to  death  to  save  ourselves?  I.cavc  ns  to 
our  pain  ;  vour  care  may   soothe  it,  but  will  never  dis- 
miss  it."    '«' Leave   us,"   said    another,    "and    do    not 
deprive  those  who  are  not  to  die,  of  the  consolation  of 
uaving  you  with  them;  only    help  us  to  put  our  con- 

16* 


♦1 


u 


186 


PERILS     OK     THE 


Bciciico  ill  ii  stiitc  ti)  go  iiiul  render  aii  aitomil  to  (iod  (if 
thu  diiVH  vhitli  lie  huH  left  iis,  and  then  fly  the  cdiiuiited 
air  wliiili  all  hieatlicH  around  u§." 

You  may  judj^e  tliat  their  entreaties  were  new  ticH 
wliicli  bound  me  to  tlieni  ;  tliey  incieased  the  pleasuru 
■which  I  felt  in  doing  a  fluty,  and  gave  me  the  htrungtli 
and  courage  which  I  needed. 

Farewell,  hrofher,  I  have  not  time  to  t(  11  you  nuiro  ; 
besides,  I  should  b(!  glad  to  hear  of  vou  before  ending 
mv  narrative,  and  to  know  the  ellict  which  mv  la.it 
three  letters  have  iiroduced  in  vour  heart,  and  on  iho 
liearts  of  those  whom  you  have  allowed  to  read  it. 

I  am  ever,  with  the  Name  friendship,  my  dear  brother, 
Vour  very  af'tTtionate  brother, 

Kmmanuki,  (/1ik,sim;i-,  Uccullect. 

PaderborD,  March  2t),  1712. 


T.KTTKR   VII. 


!My  Dkah  IJROTHiiR: — I  am  happy  to  iearn  that 
your  occupations  have  been  the  only  cause  of  your 
silence ;  I  never  suspected  any  other,  and  1  see  with 
pleasure  that  1  was  not  mistaken.  ^ly  last  three  let- 
ters have,  you  say,  touched  you  as  much  as  the  previous 
ones  have  increased  the  curiosity  of  those  who  have 
seen  them  ;  this  flatters  me  greatly,  and  induces  mo  to 
scud  you  the  rest  without  delay  ;  I  hope  you  w  ill  have 
the  last  of  it  about  the  18th  of  May,  unless  I  am 
obliged  to  make  some  excursion  before  that ;  be  that  as 
it  may,  you  may  rely  on  its  being  as  soon  as  possible. 


l(»llllt   to  (jotl  <»f 

fly  thi!  co)ru])fL'(l 

:>»   Mere  new  tics 

isi'd  the  plcasiiii) 

n\v  tlu.'  stiuii^'tli 

I  l(  11  you  more;  ; 
oil  liclorc  ciidiii^ 
;t  which  my  lii.st 
icait,  and  uii  thu 
to  itNid  it. 
my  <lt;ur  Ijiothcr, 

Kl,,    JlifolUct. 


iy  to  iearn  tliat 
cause  of  your 
,  and  1  s(!t;  with 
ly  labt  tliree  h-t- 
h  as  the  previous 
those  who  have 
id  induces  mo  to 
c  you  Mill  have 
ay,  unless  I  am 
that ;  be  that  as 
m  as  possible. 


0  r  R  A  N     A  N  n    w  1 1,  n  R  R  N  F.  fl  « . 


187 


I  soon  RAW  that  our  nick  comrades  could  no;  esrapo 
death;    they    felt    it    themselves,    and,    althoiigli    they 
seemed  resigned,  I  did  t.ot  deem  myself  di.iHn.ed  from 
sei  ving  them  the  last  days  ..f  their  lift;.      I  said   innyvv* 
morning   and   evening'   bosid*'  them  ;   I  then  confirmed 
them  in  tlu;  submission   whi(  h  they  liad  to  the  will  of 
Heaven;  "Offer    yimr  sufferinKs  to    Jesus    Christ,"    \ 
would   say,  "  th<-y   will  render  you  worthy  of  K'tl"'' '"« 
the  fruit  of  the  blood  sIumI  for  tlie  salvation  of  th-  hu- 
man race  ;  the   Man  (iod  is  the  perfect   model  of  that 
patience   and   resiKiuition  nhi(h  I  admire    •>  y..u  ;  your 
exile  is  about  to  end  ;  and  what  thanks  'aave  you  not  to 
render  te  our  I  ord  for  having  furni^lud  you,  by  this 
shipwreck,  the  surest  nu'ans  of  reachii.K    the    port    of 
salvation!     You  leave,  indeed,  wives  wlu)    expect   all 
from  you,  my  dear  friends  ;  you   leave  children,  whose 
establishment  was  to  be  yo.u-  labor,  but  hope  iii  (iod, 
he  is  a  good  Father,  he  never  al)andoi.ed  his  own,  and 
rest  assured,  that,  in  calling  you  to  himself,  he  will  not 
forg(;t  that  he  b.as  taken  you  from  your  families,  who 
will,  after  your  death,  need  the  care  of  his  Providence. 
He  has,  himself,  promised  to  bo  the  stay  of  the  widow 
and  the   orphan  ;  his   word   is   firm  ;   his    promises  are 
never  ineffectual,  and  you,  by  your  sufferings,  especially 
deserve  that  he  should  cast  a  look  of  favor   on  your 
wives  and  children,  and   do  for  them  much  more  than 
you  ever  could  have  done." 

These  poor  dying  men  answered  me  only  by  assuring 
me  that  all  their  hope  was  in  God,  and  that  it  was  so 
firm  that  ihey  were  ready  to  leave  the  world  without 
thinking  of  those  whom  they  left,  except  to  recommend 
them  to  his  divine  protection. 


188 


PERII.H      OF     THK 


A>'lioii  I  liiul  finished  spciikiiif,'  to  thcin  on  npiritiinl 
tllinJ,'^l,  I  sot  to  (Ircsjtiii^' flicir  sores  ;  |  had  only  \\v  to 
cloimso  them  ;  I  then  rovcivd  tiietn  witli  Nonit!  ra^M  whicli 
I  dried,  and  wluni  I  had  to  takr  these  ofl"  I  was  mno  to 
liiinj,'  away  strips  of  fh-sli  which,  hy  llirir  corruption, 
8j)r<'ad  an  infected  air  even  aronnd  tlie  cahin. 

After  twelve  days,  their  lef,'s  had  only  the  hones; 
tlio  feet  were  detached,  and  their  hands  entirely  wasted 
away.  I  was  ol)li;,'ed  to  dress  thein  several  times;  the 
infection  arising  was  so  great  that,  every  now  and  then, 
J  liad  to  get  a  hreath  of  fresh  air  so  as  not  to  he  suffo- 
cated. Do  not  think,  dear  hrother,  that  '  am  imposing 
upon  yon  ;  (un\  is  my  witness,  that  [  ac'd  nothing  to  tho 
truth,  and  the  reality  is  more  horrible  than  I  can  depict. 
Words  ar«>  too  fcehlc  to  express  a  situation  like  mine 
then.  How  many  touching  things  could  1  not  tell  you, 
if  I  set  down  the  words  of  tiiese  j)f)or  wretched  men  !  I 
constantly  endeavored  to  console  them  hy  the  hope;  of 
an  eternal  reward,  and  I  often  hknded  my  tears  with 
those  which  I  saw  them  shed. 

On  the  first  of  April,  the  Sieur  Leger  went  to  the  spot 
where  the  Indian  canoes  wore,  and  I  wont  to  the  woods 
about  eight  o'clock  in  the  morning  ;  I  was  resting  on  a 
tree  whicdi  I  had  cut  down,  when  I  thought  I  heard  the 
report  of  a  gun  ;  as  we  had  several  times  heard  the  same 
noise  without  being  able  to  discover  whence  it  came, 
nor  what  it  was,  I  paid  no  great  attention  to  it.  About 
ten  o'clock,  I  went  back  to  the  cabin  to  ask  IMr.  Furst  to 
come  and  help  me  bring  in  the  wood  I  had  cut ;  I  told 
him,  as  wc  walked  along,  what  I  thought  I  had  lieard, 
and  at  the  same  time  kept  looking  out  to  see  whether 
Mr.  Leger  was  returning.     We  had  scarcely  gone  two 


OCKAN      AND     W  II.D  K  U  N  R  H  H  , 


189 


linn   on   npirifuni 

had  only   Isr  to 

I  Honn!  riiRH  wliicli 

Ofl'  I    WIIH    R(ll<!  to 

lluir  corruption, 
(Ml)iii. 

only  tlic  lionos; 
Is  onfircly  wnsfcd 
!V('rnl  times  ;  tlu^ 
•y  now  and  tln-n, 
not  to  1)0  siiflo- 
if  '  am  imposinf^ 
['d  nothing;  to  the 
than  !  can  depict, 
nation  like  mine 
Id  I  not  tell  yon, 
•retched  men  !     I 

by  the  hop(«  of 
d  my  tears  with 

•  went  to  the  spot, 
'cnt  to  the  woods 
Mas  resting  on  a 
lught  I  heard  the 
!s  heard  the  same 
whence  it  came, 
on  to  it.  About 
ask  Mr.  Furst  to 
had  cuti  I  told 
ght  I  had  lieard, 
to  sec  wlicther 
arcely  gone  two 


Jiundred  paces  when  I  perceived  several  persons  ;  I  ran 
to  meet  them,  and  Mr.  FiirHt  hastened  with  this  h.ippy 
news  to  our  itick  comrades.  AVhen  T  was  near  enongb 
to  distin;.;nish,  I  saw  nn  Indian  with  a  woman  whom 
"Mr.  Leger  was  bringing  along.  I  ^poke  to  this  man  ; 
lie  answered  me,  and  then  asked  me  several  (piestitMis, 
whidi  I  answered  properly.  At  the  sight  of  our  cabin 
lie  seemed  surprised,  and  deeply  touched  at  the<-xtrem- 
itv  to  which  we  were  reduced;  he  promised  to  nma 
back  the  next  day,  to  go  a  bunting,  and  bring  us  in 
what<!ver  he  killed.  ^ 

We  Hp<mt  the  niglit  in  tins  expectation,  and  at  every 
moment  rendererl  thanks  to  Heaven  for  the  relief  it  had 
just  sent  us.  Day  carne,  and  seemed  to  brii'g  in  the 
solace  whidi  had  been  promised  the  day  bt'lbre  ;  but 
our  hopes  were  deceived  ;  the  morning  glided  away  and 
the  Indian  did  not  keep  bis  word.  Some  flattered 
themselves  that  be  would  (ome  in  the  afternoon  ;  for 
mv  own  p^'rt,  I  suspected  tlu;  cause  of  bis  delay  ;  1  saw- 
that  it  would  be  prudent  to  go  to  bis  cabin,  and  ask  him 
why  he  had  not  come  as  he  had  promised,  and  if  be 
hesitated  in  bis  answer,  to  forre  him  to  show  us  where 
the  boat  was  in  which  he  bad  crossed.  "VV'e  started,  ])>it 
judge  of  our  consternation;  on  our  arrival,  we  foimd 
neither  the  Indian  nor  bis  canoe ;  he  had  carried  it  off 
during  the  night,  and  had  retired  to  some  place  where 
■we  could  not  find  him. 

To  tell  you  the  reason  of  sucb  a  course,  I  m.ust 
inform  you  that  the  Indians  are  more  fearful  of  death, 
and  consequently  of  sickness,  than  all  others.  His  fligbt 
•was  induced  by  the  excessive  fear  peculiar  to  that  race ; 
the  display  of  dead  bodies,  the  frightful  state  of  our  sick, 


■ 


100 


PERILS     OK     Till 


the  infection  ot'  their  Rorcx,  had  ho  nhirmed  the  ninn,  thnt, 
to  avoid  being  ui!e<'tvd  by  the  tuintid  uir,  )tc  t)lotl^bt 
best  not  to  ki-cp  hix  word,  and  to  cliiingu  hi)*  abodi',  lor 
fear  wc  uhoidd  go  iiud  force  hint  to  return  to  our  cabin 
and  aid  um. 

Alliiough  thin  disappointment  afllicted  uh  greatly,  wo 
■houhl  have  felt  it  more  if  there  hud  not  been  a  Hecond 
cunoe  ;  but*  mc  had  to  ttke  ineaMures  to  prevent  its  own- 
crH  from  escaping  us,  Our  fear  was  tiiat  the  Indian 
who  had  deceived  us,  would  inform  liis  conuade  of  the 
danger  of  visiting  oar  cabin,  and  persuade  him  to  go  and 
got  his  canoo  by  night,  iind  ramovn  from  the  place 
where  v.'e  were, 

'This  reflection  led  us  to  resolve  to  carry  off  the  canoo 
with  us,  in  order  to  oblige  the  Indian  to  come  to  our 
cabin  and  help  us,  whatever  repugnaneo  he  might  seem 
to  have.  But  for  this  precaution  wo  were  lost ;  not 
ono  of  the  two  occasions  we  had  had  would  have  served 
us,  and  our  death  was  certain. 

When  the  canoe  was  brought,  we  fastened  it  to  a  tree, 
so  that  it  could  not  be  carried  off  without  making  noiso 
enough  to  warn  us  that  some  one  was  detaching  it. 

Some  days  were  spent  in  waiting  for  the  Indian  to 
whom  the  canoe  belonged  ;  but  we  saw  no  one,  and 
during  this  time  our  three  sick  comrades  died. 

On  the  seventh,  in  the  evening,  Mr.  le  Vasseur  was 
surprised  by  a  debility  from  which  he  never  recovered, 
and  the  other  two  seeing  that  even  the  Indian's  aid 
which  we  expected,  would  be  useless  to  them,  as  they 
were  unable  to  walk,  again  prepared  to  put  themselves 
in  a  state  to  appear  before  God. 


OCKAW      AMn     wn.nRRNESR. 


U)l 


n\  tlic  nmii,  that, 
uir,  )tc  thini^lit 
u  hix  iiboilc,  (ov 
III  to  (Mir  c-al)iii 

il  UH  gifiitly,  wo 
t  biTii  a  Hocoiid 
pioviMit  its  owii- 
tliat  tho  Iiuliiui 
cDiiiradi'  of  tliu 
le  him  to  ^<>  and 
from   thu   phicu 

iry  olF  the  caiioo 
to  tonic  to  our 
I  he  mi.i;ht  Nccm 
were  lost  j  not 
uld  have  served 

died  it  to  u  tree, 
it  making  noiHO 
ptadiing  it. 
)r  tlie  Indian  to 
iiw  no  one,  and 
s  died. 

le  Vasseur  was 
lever  recovered, 
the  Indian's  aid 
)  them,  as  they 

put  themselves 


Tho  Sieur  Vailhint,  tho  younKir,  died  on  tlie  tcntli, 
after  (tiiH'crinK  for  a  whole  inontli  all  Miat  <aii  i)i)s>.ilily 
ho  imaginttl;  his  patienre  alwajs  f(|iiali»'d  hi?*  i>aiii  ;  he 
was  .siMeiMi  years  ohl  ;  the  .Mr.  Vuilhuit  wlioiu  we  liad 
lost  on  the  eleventh  of  March,  was  hii  father  ;  his  youth 
never  Neeined  to  him  ii  ground  for  complaining  at  licing 
HO  hoon  taken  from  life  ;  in  a  word,  he  ••\pircd  with  that 
resignation  and  courage  which  tharutleri/e  the  perlect 
(Christian. 

'I'ho  Sieur  de  Senneville  imitated  the  virtues  of  tho 
younger  N'aillant,  or  rather  tliey  were  models  to  each 
other  ;  the  same  pain,  the  same  patience,  the  siune  rch- 
i'Miation;  why  cannot  L  set  down  al'  that  tlu-se  young 
inei  said  the  few  da}  s  previous  to  their  death  .'  'I'hey 
made  me  hlu^h  not  to  have  us  much  courage  to  c«.nsolo 
them,  as  they  had  to  sutler.  With  what  toufidcme, 
what  respect,  did  they  not  speak  of  religion  and  tho 
nieiHy  of  our  Lord?  In  what  terms  did  they  not 
express  their  gratitude  .'  'I'hey  were  indeed  two  nohlo 
souls,  and  the  best  hearts  I  ever  met  in  my  life. 

The  latter  several  times  begged  me  to  cut  his  legs 
off,  to  prevent  the  gangrene  getting  up  ;  his  entreaties 
were,  as  you  will  imagine,  ust-iess  ;  I  constantly  refused 
to  do  as  he  wished,  and  showed  him  that  1  had  no 
instrument  suitable  for  the  operation,  and  that,  even  it  I 
had  wished  to  risk  it,  it  would  only  increase  his  pain 
without  guaranteeing  him  from  death.  He  then  put 
his  affairs  in  order,  and  wrote  to  his  parents  in  the  most 
touching  manner,  and  resigned  his  soul  to  God,  on  the 
evening  of  the  thirteenth,  aged  about  twenty.  He  was 
a  Canadian,  and  son  of  the  Sieur  de  Senneville,  who 
was  formerly  a  page  to  the  Dauphiness,  then  a  Alusque- 


'  ' 


102 


p B R I  Mt   or    T II  r. 


tror,  iiiid  now  KIii^'h  TJctitnuiiii  at  Montreal  whcr^ 
ho  |Mis«'H«oi«  cunxidi'iuhie  pri)pnty. 

The  death  of  thoHo  tliiw  vit tiin«,  of  tohl  and  hunger, 
adli'  ti'd  ii-*  KH'sitly,  althiMiKli  in  fact  tlicir  lift'  wax,  h«»  to 
nay,  a  hut  then  to  ih  ;  I  felt  a  Inthci'r.  love  for  them, 
and  wan  almiidaiitly  repaid  ;  yet  on  n'lliTfin^  tliat  if 
tho  Indian  had  coino  whilo  they  went  yet  nlive,  wo 
woidd  have  liad  to  h'ave  them  ahmc  and  nna»tHi»ted  in 
the  caljin,  or  h)se  tho  ihmro  of  Koiii^,  I  felt  that  I 
ought  to  thank  our  Lord  for  !*pariiig  ine  Hiicii  a  crmd 
ulternative,  hy  calling  iheni  to  himself  We  had,  more- 
over, no  more  provii*ionH  ;  there  was  left  only  the  nmall 
ham  of  which  I  have  spoken.  This,  we  wert-  afraid  to 
toiicli,  and  contented  ourselves  with  tin;  >thell-tisli  which 
J.egcr  and  I,  from  tin>e  to  time,  gathered  on  the  sea- 
hhore.  Our  weakness  increased  from  day  to  day,  and 
wo  could  Hcarcely  stand,  when  I  resolved  to  go  in  scan  h 
of  the  Indians  whose  coming  we  expected,  and  to  use 
their  canoe  for  this  j)urpose  ;  we  got  gum  from  the  trees 
to  put  it  in  order,  and  with  our  axe  made  paddles  tho 
hest  way  wo  coidd  ;  I  know  how  to  paddle  peifectly ; 
tliis  was  a  great  advantage  to  arieompliMh  our  ohject,  ami 
even  to  expose  ourselves,  in  case  wc  could  not  Knd  tho 
Indians,  to  run  the  risk  of  crossing  in  the  canoe  ;  it 
was  our  last  resource,  since  it  was  a  question  of  pre- 
serving life,  or  voluntarily  hraving  all.  It  was  certain 
that,  by  remaining  on  that  island,  wo  had  only  a  few 
days  to  live  ;  crossing  the  gulf  we  ran  no  greater  risk, 
and  might  hope  that  our  attempt  woidd  succeed- 

All  was  ready  on  the  iH\t\\  of  April  ;  we  cooked  half 
the  ham,  taking  the  broth  first,  and  intending  to  reserve 
tho  meat  for  our  route  ;  but  in  the  evening  we  were  so 


MoiitrrnK  whcr* 

cold  aiui  hl)n^('r, 
ir  life  wiii,  n«»  to 
\  Ifivc  for  tht'ni, 
ri'tlcTtiiig  tliut  if 
ro  yet  nlivo,  wo 
iind  iiniiNMintcil  in 
1^,   I   ft'lt   that  I 

inc  Hucii  !i  (I lU'l 

We  hud,  mon;- 
ft  only  the  Hmall 
ft'c  wrrc'  iifiaid  to 
!  Mlu'll-fish  which 
lierrd  on  the  Mca- 
,  diiv  to  day,  and 
id  to  f^o  in  Noarch 
ectcd,  and  to  use 
I  in  from  the  trees 
iiailo  paddles  the 
)addlc  pcil'ectly  ; 
h  our  ohjeet,  ami 
mid  not  Knd  the 
in   the    canoe ;  it 

question  of  prc- 
I.      It  was  certain 

had  only  a  few 
1  no  greater  risk, 
I  succeed. 
;  we  cooked  half 
ending  to  reserve 
ning  we  were  so 


OtKAN      ANH     >V  U.  I»  K  U  M  lii» 

ovncoiue  !•>  I»uu«er,  that  we  were  forced  torn!  It  nil. 
'llw-  next  day  we  weru  iiu  i.tronf(er  than  thr  «lay  heforr, 
imd,  on  the  l.'Hth,  vi'  wen-  without  rpnourcex,  ami 
with  no  ho|"'  of  fll"•^•'^?  ""V  '"  time  t ) -ive  u<  from 
hl.in.ilioii.  W'v  iMcordinwIy  prepare<l  fur  death  hy  le- 
cilih^  ihi'  l.iliitv  of  llie  SaintN  ;  then  ««•  fell  on  our 
knees  and  liflin«  my  handn  to   Heaven,   I  utit-red  thii 

prayer: 

•  (ireat  (io.l,  if  it  In  thy  will  that  we  ^hare  the  fatu 
of  the  fourteen  persouK  who  have  perished  helore  our 
eves  delay  not  to  fulfil  it ;  do  not  |H'rinir  de^.pair  to 
ovenoMii-  us;  call  us  to  thyM>lf  whih-  we  are  re»ii,'ned 
to  leave  this  world  without  regret;  hut,  \.ovt\,  if  thou 
hast  not  yet  resrdvid  our  death,  send  us  help,  and  give 
us  strength  to  support,  without  a  murmur,  the  allliction* 
which  thy  justice  htill  prepares  for  us,  that  we  may  not 
loM'  ill  ail  instant  the  fruit  of  the  Nuhmission  which  wo 
have  thus  far  had  to  the  ilecrees  of  thy  rrovidciice." 

1  was  C(mcluding  my  prayer,  when  we  heard  the  re- 
port of  a  gun,  which  we  (puikly  answered  ;  we  supposed 
rightly,  that  it  was  the  Indian  who  owned  the  canoe  we 
had ;  he  wishc'  to  see  whether  uny  of  us  were  still 
alive,  and  perceiving  it  hy  our  gun,  he  kindled  a  lire  to 
puss  the  night.  He  did  not  suppose  us  aide  to  go  to 
him,  and  dearly  did  not  wish  us  to  do  so,  for,  as  soon 
as  he  saw  us,  he  hid  in  the  wood  a  part  of  a  hear  which 
he  had  killed,  and  lied.  '' 

v\s    we    wore  hoots,  we  had  a  good  deal  of  trouhle  to. 
reach  his  fire  ;  we   had  to  cross  a   pretty  large  river, 
thawed    for  some  days  ;  we  saw  the  tracks  of  his  flight, 
and   followed   them   with  incredihle  fatigue  ;  and  even 
this  would  have  been  useless,  had  not  the  Indian  been 


I 


IM 


I* K M I i. «   or    rill 


Com|H'llr(l  to  klrnktri  liin  parn  to  i'ruil>lo  liin  nun,  n  \u>y 
•i>Vi>H  yt'i»r«  old,  to  lolliiw  him.  I'lii*  e  irnimifam  «<  \»a« 
our  Milvitlioit ;  towtiriU  m-iiiiirt  ^v  overlook  titiii  mini, 
m\m  u<ki'tl  lu  wlu'lliur  our  «iik  whid  <li'a)l ;  tlti«  qurktion, 
wliUli  liM  put  witK  tut  air  «>l'  finr,  Unt  tlicy  nlmiild  klill 
•urvhf,  li'll  iiM  III)  ruDin  to  ilouht  Itiit  that  thi-  fii»t 
Indian  hud  toUl  liim  ot'  our  ktiili>,  mid  thi>  diuiKcr  ot' 
iippioiuliiiiK  or.r  uIkmIk.  I  did  not  think  propt-r  tit  Jii-t 
to  itrmwiT  htN  iiufktion,  and  without  any  more  lulu  I 
pru«»«'d  him  to  ^\\i)  ut  (tonu'thinK  *•>  «'»»<,  ivnd  fur  thi>( 
I)ur|K)»u  to  r»tiiin.  lit-  diimt  not  rcsiNt  {  w«>  win-  two 
to  one,  well  armed,  and,  what  iu  morf,  rrnolvcd  not  to 
louvo  him  for  a  nutmcut.  llu  luhnitu-d  tliat  hi-  hail 
ahnost  a  wholo  hear,  whi<  h  he  diil  not  rffu<.o  t<»  Nhaio 
with  UK.  Whrii  w«!  got  to  the  plan-  wIiiti-  lie  had  hid- 
den thin  hrar,  wc  each  cat  a  pii'co  liilf  iDoki'd  ;  wv  tUvn 
miulo  till-  Indian  and  hit  wii'u  tako  the  rent,  and  led 
them  to  tho  wpot  where  wo  had  lift  Mr.  Furst.  Thin 
poor  man  awaitrd  hh  in  cxtifmc  iiiipaficnce.  AVIicn 
wo  airivcd,  he  was  ready  to  fxpiiv.  Vou  may  iinn),'ino 
liin  joy  wlun  vo  t»dd  him  that  we  had  food  and  Hi>tist- 
nm-o.  lie  fii>t  ate  a  piece  cf  hoar  meat;  we  put  tho 
pot  <)>i  the  lire,  and  took  broth  all  night  lonj,',  which  wo 
upent  witlioiit  s|cepiii-(,  I'tir  feui-  our  Iniliau,  who  would 
not  Hleep  in  the  eahin,  •.lioiild  dei  amp,  Win  n  the  day 
camp,  I  gave  thin  man  clearly  to  understand  that  ho 
muht  fake  us  to  the  place  where  tho  boat  was,  iu  which 
he  had  crossed,  and,  to  Iiiduce  liim  not  to  refuse  our 
renucht,  I  told  iiiiu  that  we  would  use  iiim  vciy  roughly 
if  ho  made  any  delay  about  it.  Tho  fear  of  being 
killed  made  him  speedily  construct  u  Bled,  on  which  ho 
put  his  canoe ;  ho  made  signs  for  Legcr  and  mo  to  drag 


•QBAM     ANir     WILUr,  RM  Kil. 


100 


at)lo  hU  ton,  n  boy 
n  rirntnintaiu'if  hu* 
ovuilook  tliiM  iiiiin, 
Dttil ;  tlii*  qiii'ktiun, 
it  tliry  nIkmiIiI  klitl 

liiit  titat  the  til»t 
mil  tli(>  (liiiif{<'r  of 
ink  prii|)<>r  at   tint 

Miiy  ntiirt'  a«lt)  [ 
to  cat,  anil  toi-  tliU 
nUt  ;  w(>  well!  two 
rv,  ri'Nolvcd  nut  to 
iltU'd  that  lii>  hail 
iiot  rrfiixo  to  wharo 
\\\\viv  III'  had  hill- 
f  ( (lokt'd  ;   «!•  rhon 

the  rt-Nt,  and   led 

Mr.  I'lirst.  T\xU 
iipaticncc.      Whrn 

Vdii  may  inia>,'ino 
ad  food  and  a^»iKt• 

n»»'ut ;  wi;  ]iiil  till' 
;hf  lon^r,  Mhiih  \v«' 
ndiaii,  who  Would 
K  Will  n  fill'  day 
uiidci'Ntaiid  that  ho 
hoat  \\m,  in  which 

not  to  ri'l'iisi-  our 
;  liiui  VIM y  roughly 
i'ho    li'ar  of  heinf( 

sled,  on  which  he 
for  and  mo  to  drug 


If,  wMilnff,  donhtli'M,  to  tirr  u»  out,  nnd  oMIki'  '»•  "» 
«iv.Mi|.  aid  v»hi.h  fo.t  m  M  di-iir.  Wi.  u\\»Ul  »mv« 
"formi  him  to  nirry  ih.-  iuno«.  hin>»i.|f,  hut  thi«  \\o\vtnt 
M'rUM-d  to  mc  out  of  plan-  {  it  wa»  hiftir  to  mauaui-  our 
ludian.  iuul  all  wi-  rould  do  wa.  to  um-  .ur.aulion,  .0 
,„  not  to  hv  dupi'.l.  I  will  f.ll  >ou,  in  my  .iKhth  h'tt.-r, 
wliat  tlu'M.  prmmlionii  wrri",  iind  that  ono,  I  hilii-vo, 
^ill  pnuhlo  mi)  to  comludi!  my  Khipwrt-cks  imd  i.dl 
)ou  of  my  return  to  Krunic. 

I  am  over,  with  porlVct  atta.  hm.uit,  my  ih-ar  hrother, 
Your  Vi'iv  aH'i'iliouarc  luothcr, 

Kmmanii;!.  Ckkmpki.,  Ruullect. 

PMbibuia,  April  34,  ITll. 


I.KTTKU     vm. 

MyDkmi  lluoiiiiii:— I  «»"»»W  have  icnt  you  tho 
cUm.  of  mv  narrative,  lant  month,  had  I  not  luen  ohliKed 
to  .pcnd  Homo  wirk«  in  the  lountry.  Dur.. «  all  my 
Hlwii.T,  I  lu'ild  not  tind  a  hin^h-  .lua.trr  of  an  hour  ot 
which  I  was  niasto.  «nou;xli  «'»  <l''V't.>  to  .ali.fyit.^r  vour 
,,ui...itv  con.plctcly.  I  rcturni-d  only  ycnti-rday  to 
l'ul(.,l.oiu.  I  miido  «evfral  vi.itH  thi-*  morniUK' ;  -^onuj 
you  know   arc   indi^pnisahlc.  and  I  Hucrilicc  the  rc^t  of 

"l  miuircd  of  the  Indian  and  his  wife  thatthfy  should 
iro  ahca.l,  under  the  prt-toxt  of  clcariuK  the  way  ;  but  I 
did  not  end  my  procautionH  here.  I  told  thorn  that  the 
child  would  get  tired  on  that  march,  and  that  he  muit 


196 


1'  E  U  I  I.  S     OF     T II  K 


bo  put  in  the  canoe,  and  that  it  would  airovd  iis  a  pleas- 
ure to  relieve  him  in  that  way. 

The  heart  of  a  parent  is  everywhere  the  same;  there 
is  none  that  does  not  feel  obliged  foi  favors  done  his 
ehildron,  and  that  dcyts  not  accept  if  with  i)lea:nro 
This  luan's  son  was  a  hostage  in  our  hund.>  for  his 
parent's  fidelity.  Wc  walked  over  a  league,  through 
snow,  water,  or  ice  ;  our  fatigue  was  extreme,  hut  the 
h(>i'c  of  the  fruit  it  was  to  hear  suppoited  and 
encouraged  uf  ;  yet  it  was  inipossihUr  for  us  to  drag  the 
bled  all  the  time.  Wc  gave  out,  and  the  Indian,  touched 
with  our  exhaustion,  took  ♦he  canoe  on  his  shoulders 
and  r.irried  it  to  the  shore,  and  first  put  his  wife  and 
el'ild  in.  The  question  then  was,  which  of  us  should 
embark  ?  The  canoe  could  only  hohl  four,  and  conse- 
quently only  one  cf  us  throe  could  profit  by  it.  1  first 
ofV''red  to  remain,  ;nid  told  Messrs.  Furst  and  Leger  to 
settle  between  them  whicli  should  go ;  each  wished  to 
have  the  preference,  and  feared  to  lose  this  opportunity 
of  avoiding  a  wretchrd  end  ;  while  thoy  were  disputing, 
*he  Indian  motioned  me  to  come,  and,  after  telling  me 
that  he  guessed  the  reason  of  the  apparent  dispute 
between  m\'  tv\  o  co!"rades,  he  said  he  would  oidy  take 
me  into  the  canoe,  and  without  giving  me  time  to 
answer,  he  dragged  me  in,  and  put  off. 

I  '.i'.  Furst  and  Mr.  Leger  gave  themselves  up  as  lost ; 
their  cries  cxjjrested  their  despair ;  I  could  not  resist 
them,  and  re([ue»ted  the  Indiiui  to  put  in  shore  to  enable 
me  to  say  a  word  of  co»isolation  to  my  comrades. 
"VV'hen  I  got  within  speaking  distance,  I  justified  my 
course  bj  telling  them  what  the  Indian  had  said.  I 
advised  them  to  follow  the  shore,  and  promised  them, 


■i\l[\nd  u.s  a.  pleas- 

^  tlio  same  ;  there 

iUvors   done   Ills 

it  uitli  i)lca'nre 
ur  IiuikIm  lor  liis 
a  league,  tluoiigli 

extieiue,  but  tlio 

suppuitiul    and 

for  us  to  drag  tlio 

ic  Indian,  tonclHjd 

on  his  hhouldeis 
:  put  his  Mif'o  and 
liich  of"  us  bliouid 

four,  and  consr- 
)fit  by  it.  1  first 
urst  and  Lcger  to 
i;  each  wished  to 

this  opportunity 
y  were  disputing, 
1,  after  telling  me 
apparent    dispute 

would  only  take 
ing   me    time  to 

selves  up  as  lost ; 
[  could  not  resist 
in  shore  to  enable 
I  my  eoinrades. 
!,  I  justified  my 
ian  had  said.  I 
1  promised  them, 


OCKAX     ANT)     WtT-T)r,nN'F,3«l. 


m 


on  the  word  of  a  pri(>st,  that,  r.s  soon  ns  T  rt'nrhed  the 
Indian  <  abin,  1  would  come  for  them  in  ii  canoe.  'I'lu  y 
Itnew  nu:  incii])ablc  of  ]KMJiiry  ;  this  assurance  coii>()lcd 
them,  and  williout  distrust  tlicy  saw  >is  i)Ut  out  to  sea. 

That  day  we  lauded  ;  the  Indian  took  bis  canoe  on 
his  shoulders,  c.rricd  it  near  the  wood,  and  laid  it  on  the 
snow.  As  I  was  tired  from  being  so  long  on  my  knees 
in  the  canoe,  I  was  resting  on  a  rock  near  the  shore. 
After  u  whil<-,  believing  that  the  Indii'U  was  kindling  a 
tire  to  sleep  there,  1  took  my  gun,  two  paddles,  and 
two  bu'ge  pieces  of  meat,  which  I  had  taken  to  save  Mr. 
Furst  and  Mr.  T.eger  the  trouble  of  carrying  them,  and 
1  ascended  the  heaps  of  ice,  which  were  at  least  six  feet 
high.  No  sooner  was  I  at  the  top,  than  I  saw  that  my 
Indian  and  his  wife  had  put  on  their  snow-shoes,  a  kind 
of  frame  used  by  the  (Canadians  to  go  faster  over  the 
snow  ;  the  man  e.nried  the  child  on  his  back,  and  both 
were  running  as  fa^-t  as  they  could.  The  cries  I  uttered 
to  stop  them  only  made  thciu  redouble  the  celerity  of 
tlieir  course.  I  at  once  threw  down  my  paddles, 
descended  tlic  ice  mound,  and,  with  my  gun  and  meat, 
followed  their  trail  for  some  time. 

While  clinil)ing  the  mound  of  ice,  I  wounded  myself 
quite  badly  in  the  right  leg,  and  the  pain  was  ..enewed 
every  timethat  I  sank  in  the  snow  as  I  ran  along,  that 
is  to  say,  every  moment.  1  could  no  longer  breathe, 
and  hadto  stop  several  times  to  take  lireath,  and  to  rest 
on  the  muz/.le  of  my  gun.  I  was  in  tl.i.  ^losture,  when 
I  heard  Mr.  I.eger's  voice— this  meeting  gave  us  both 
extreme  ple;.sure.  I  told  him  what  had  occurred,  and 
lie,  on  his  side,  told  me  that  Mr.  Furst,  overcome  with 
fotigue,  had  been  unable  to  follow  him,  and  that  he  had 

17« 


i^ 


198 


PKRILS    or     TUB 


left  hitn  stretched  out  on  the  snow,  nt  a  place  quite 
remote  from  wlieie  we  were. 

In  any  other  circumstances,  T  slioiihl  have  Hown  to 
his  assistance  j  but  it  was  all-important  for  us  to  over- 
take our  runaway.  Mr.  Lej^'t;.,  like  myself,  felt  how 
much  we  risked  in  delaying  any  longer  to  I'ollow  his 
trail. 

We  instantly  started  for  the  place  M-here  I  l<now  he 
had  fled  ;  hut,  as  he  had  left  the  snow  to  take  the  sea- 
"Hhore,  which  was  low  and  sandy,  we  were  stojjjKvl  for 
some  time.  We  kei)t  on,  however,  and  after  walking 
a  quarter  of  an  hour,  again  struck  on  the  trail  of  the 
Indian,  Avho  had  taken  off  his  snow-shoes,  douh/ess 
thinking  that  I  had  been  luiahle  to  follow  him  thus  far. 
This  circumstance  made  us  think  that  his  cal)in  was  not 
far  off:  we  redoubled  our  r.pced,  and,  as  we  got  near 
the  wood,  we  heard  the  rejmrt  of  a  gun  ;  we  did  not 
think  it  worth  while  to  answer  it,  for  fear  that,  if  it  was 
fired  by  the  Indian  whom  we  were  pursuing,  he  would 
resume  his  snow-slioes  to  fly  with  new  swiftness,  as 
soon  as  he  knew  we  were  so  near. 

We  accordingly  continued  to  walk  on,  and,  soon  after 
the  first  report,  we  heaid  another  ;  this  made  us  suspect 
that  the  Indian  wished  to  light  a  fire  there,  to  rest  with 
his  wife  and  child,  alter  satisfying  himself  that  he  was 
not  followed.  This  conjecture  v.as  false,  as  you  will 
soon  see. 

Ten  minutes  after  the  second  report,  we  heard  a  third, 
of  which  wu  saw  the  fliish  ;  no  answer  from  us  ;  we 
advanced  in  silence.  On  our  May,  we  found  a  large  boat 
on  which  somebody  had  been  working  the  day  before,  and 
twenty  steps  furtlier,  we  saw  i>  large  cabin.     We  entered 


at  a  place  quite 

1(1  have  ilown  to 
t.  lor  us  to  ovcr- 
iny^olf,  felt  how 
er  to  lollow  his 

I'hcre  I  ]\ucw  he 
to  take  the  sca- 
verc  stopjH'd  for 
1(1  after  valking 
the  trail  of  the 
iioes,  (louh.'ess 
iW  him  thus  far. 
s  cahiu  was  not 
,  as  we  got  near 
un  ;  we  did  not 
r  that,  if  it  was 
luiiif,',  he  would 
w  swiftness,  as 

,  and,  soon  after 
nade  us  suspect 
re,  to  rest  with 
ieif  that  he  was 
se,  as  you   will 

e  heard  a  third, 
•  iVoiii  Us  ;  we 
nd  a  large  boat 
day  before,  and 
We  entered 


OCEATJ      ANT)     wn,T)KnNEaS, 


199 


with  the  air  which  suited  our  situation  ;  th(^  tone  of 
suppliants  was  the  only  one  that  bocanie  us  ;  we  took  it 
at  iirst,  hut  the  old  man,  who  spoke  French,  wovdd  uot 
permit  us  to  continue  it. 

..  Are  not  all  men  e(puds  ?  "  said  he,  «'  at  least  ought 
thev  not  to  he  .'  Your  misfortune  is  a  title  to  respe.^, 
,„,i  I  re.nu'd  it  as  a  favor,  that  Heaven,  hy  hru.g.ng 
vo,i  here,  gives  me  an  opj-ortunity  to  do  good  to  men, 
"wlumi  n.iserv  still  pursues.  I  ouly  ro-iune  ol  you  to 
tell  me  what  has  l)efalleu  you,  since  you  were  cast  on 
this  island  ;  I  should  he  glad  to  sympathize  with  you 
over  your  past  sulferings  ;  my  sensibility  will  be  a  new 

consolation."  ' 

\t  the  same  time,  lie  ordered  them  to  cook  our  meat 
vit'h  peas,  and  spare  nothing,  to  show  that  humanity  is 
as  much  a  virtue  of  the  An>erican  Indian,  as  ot  more 
civili/ed    people.     When  this  old  man  had  given    his 
orders,  he  begged  us  to  gratify  his  curios.ty  ;   1  ondeav- 
o.-..d  to   forget  none   of  the   circumstances   wluch  you 
know  attended  our  misf(.rtune,  and,  after  having  hnishcd 
mv  story,  I  begged  the  old  man  to  tell  me  wl,    -le  two 
Indians;  whom  we  had  seen  in  the  depth  of  our  misery, 
had  refused  to  help  us. 

"Indians,"  said  he,  «' tremble  at  the  mere  name  of 
sickness,  an.l  all  my  Mguments  have  not  yet  dispelled 
the  terror  which  still  liUs  all  whom  you  see  m  this 
cvbin.  It  is  not  that  they  are  insensible  to  the  misery  of 
their  brethren;  they  would  fain  help  them,  but  the  ear 
of  breathing  a  tainted  ai.  checks  the  impulses  of  their 
hearts,  whi.h  are  naturally  compassionate  ihey  ioar 
death,  not  like  other  men,  but  to  such  a  degree,  that  1 
know  not  what  crimes  they  would  not  commit,  to  avoid  it. 


200 


rERIT.a     OK     THE 


Here,"  siiid  h,.,  pointintr  to  an  Indian  k-liind  tlio  otlicrs, 
'•  tliis   is  the  one   who  hn.ke  liis  mckI  to  you  ;  l,e  ran.e 
here  early  in  the  month,  and  told  un  the  wretched   >fate 
i"    Mhi.h    he   liad    seen    the  l-'ren.hnien,  uhoni  h.' Mip- 
l)ns('d    all  dead    hy  that  time,  and  m  hon.  he  would  have 
^villin.^dy   assisted,  hut   lor   the  corruption  anion^  them. 
Here  is  the  other,"  continne.l   the   old  man,  pointin-  to 
the  one   whom    I    had    pursued,  "he   -ot  here  an  hour 
belbre  you,  and  told  ns  that  there  were  still  three  I'Vench- 
Mon  alive,   (liat   they  were  lu)   h.Mi-.r  near  their    dead 
companions,  (hat  they  were  in   health,  and 'could,    he 
lhouj.|,t,    he   aided    without    risk    of  hi  In-inj,'   inlection 
vith  them;   we  deliherated  a  nu^ment,  and   then    sent 
one    towards   the-  (p.arter  where  you  were,  to  show  you, 
hy  three  repoits  ol'  a  jrun,  wheie  our  cahin  Mas.      Your 
sick,  alone,   prevented  our  n-oin^ir  to  help  vou,  andvNu 
should,  i)erhai)s,  ],ave  iv<.ne,  [f  ^w..  had  not  heen  assured 
that  the  aid  we  might  send,  wouldi.e  of  no  nse  to   vou, 
and    nn'-ht    be   of  great   injury  to  us,  as  y,,,,,-  cahin'waJ 
filled  and  surroimded  with  inl'ected  air,  which   it  would 
be  very  dangerous  to  breathe." 

Such  language  in  the  month  of  a  man  belonging  to  a 
nation  whom  a  falso  prejudice  makes  ns  supjiose" inca- 
pable of  tliinking  or  reasoning,  and  to  whom  we  unjustly 
deny  sentiment  and  e.xpiession,  sur])ri.-.e(l  me  gieallv. 
I  even  avow,  that  to  have  the  i(U.a  of  Indians  vrhich'l 
give  you,  it  did  not  need  los  than  my  .seeing  them. 

When  the  old  man  got  through",  1  endeavored  to 
express  all  the  gratitude  wliich  we  felt.  I  begged  him 
to  accept  my  gun,  whiih  its  goodness  and  ornaments,  for 
it  was  covered  v ith  them,  raised  in  value  al)ove  all  those 
in  the  cabin.     I  then  told  him  that    fatigue  had  pre- 


["hiiul  tlio  otlicin, 
<)  Vdii  ;  lie  ciiiiie 
■  XMffclicd   ."-fiito 

1,    AN  llOIll    he   Ml|)- 

i  lie  would  liiivc 
Kii  :ilii()ii<r  tlic'iii. 
iiaii,  poiiifiiiMr  to 
ot  lific  nil  hour 
ill  tliit't'l'Vciicli. 
ii'iir  tliiir    (lead 

aiurcoiild,  la; 
ii^iiij,'   infi'ctii.ii 

iiiid  tlicii  bfut 
f,  to  slio\>-  you, 
'ill  M;is.  Youv 
'l'  \ou,  and  wu 
ot  ])vvu  iis.'iuifd 
no  UM-  to  you, 
your  caliiii  was 
iliRh   it  would 

lu'loiif^iuLf  to  a 
Mipjjose  iuca- 
Mll  wo  uiiju.stK- 
•d  iiif  greatly, 
diaiis  Mliieh   1 
'ing  tliem. 
.nideavoied    to 
I  bef,'gcd  liiiu 
ornaments,  lur 
iiljove  all  tho.«.e 
igue  had  pre- 


O  C  K  V  M     A  N  n     W  t  1. 1)  F,  R  N  E  S  8  . 


201 


vended  one  of  our  comnulcs  from  following  us,  nnd  that 
it  would  l-f  tlio  crownini,'  of  his  kindness  if  he  would 
send  two  men  to  enahlf  th.«m  to  r.-aeh  us.     My  entreat- 
ies were  useless  ;   Indians  fear  to  -o  out   hy  night,  and 
nohodv  would  undertake  to  go  to  the  relief  of  Mr.  l'>iist. 
They  promised  me,  however,  that  tlu'V  woidd  go  early 
next  morning  ;  this  refusal  gave  me  much  pain  ;  the  old 
man  ii(ivelv(  d  it,  and,  to  console  me  said,  llul  it  would 
h'j  finite  useless  to  try,  and  find  my  friend  in  tlu;  dark, 
as  he  h;!d  no  gun  to  show  where  he  was,  and  that  it  was 
hotter  to  wail,  for    daylight.      :Mr.    Fnrst    accordingly 
spent   the  night  in  the  snow,  where  Cod  alone  could 
shiehl  liim  from  death,  for,  even  in  the  cal)in,  we  endured 
inexpressihle  cold.     The  Indians    never    make    a    fire 
when  they  lie  down  ;  they  have  not  even  hlankets,  and 
consequently  we  spent  a  very  poor  night.     The    next 
day,  as  we  were  preparing  to  go  after  Mr.  Fiirst,  we  saw 
him  arrive  ;  our  footprints  had  guided  him,  and  to  over- 
take us  he  had  profited  hy  the  time  when  the  snow, 
hardened  by   the   night's  cold,   does   not   yield  to    the 
weight  of  a  man  walking.     Our  first  cure  was   to   warm 
hini,  we  then  gave  him  some  food,  and  wc    showed  one 
another  the  joy  we  felt  to  he  together  again. 

Wc  >])V\\t  the  twenty-ninth  and  thirtieth  of  April 
with  the  Indians  ;  they  seemed  to  be  jealous  who  would 
show  us  most  attention,  and  endeavored  to  surpass  each 
other  in  this  respect.  IJcar  meat  and  oariliou  did  not 
iail  us  those  two  days,  and  tliey  took  care  to  give  us 
the  most  delicate  morsels.  I  know  not  whether  the 
duties  of  hospitality  are  better  fulfilled  by  Europeans 
than  by  these  Indians.  .<  •  '  ast  I  am  tempted  to  believe 
that  these  fultil  them  with  Ikr  better  grace. 


203 


TKRir,  a     OK     TIIR 


On  the  first  of  May,  thoy  laiiiirhod  thr  Inrp,.  boat  ; 
wc   all    oniharkcd    and    sot    wiil ;    fl.o    vind    ^ilcd    m 
towards  noon,  at  about  six   loaj^tics  from  tli.<  main  land. 
Tbis  ...rcldpnt  afHicfcd   nic ;  I   feared   to   be   tmablc   to 
relieve  soon  congb  sueh  of  our  ronuadcs  as  bad  sur- 
vivod  at  tbp  jducr   of  tbc  shipwreck,     'ibis   fear  niado 
mo  entreat  tlie  old  man   to  give  me   two   men,  witb  a 
bark  canoe  to  go  asliore.      1  tried  to  induce  bim  .o  grant 
my  request  by  jiromising  to  send  tobacco  and   brandy  to 
all  in   the  large    boat,  as   soon  as    I  got    (o  tlie   IVencli. 
Mncb  as  be  would   bave   liked   to   oblige   nu',    be   first 
consulted  before  making   nu'   any   ])romise,  and   if   was 
not  witbout  diilicidfy  tliat  they  paid  any  attention  to  my 
request.     They  feared  that  a  trip  of  six  leagues  was  too 
long  for  a  canoe,    and  tbey  did  not  wisb  to  expose  us  to 
perisb.     We   accordingly   started,   and    a1)out   balf-j)ast 
ekiven    o'clock    in    tbc    evening    we    readied    land.     1 
entered  the  house  of  the  French  ;  the  first  '.bom  I   saw 
■was  Mr.  Volant,  a  native  of  St.  (Jerman-cn-Laye,  my 
friend  and  master  of  tliis   post.     I   could    not  fldl  into 
better  bands  ;  I  found  in  a  single  man  the  sincere  desire 
and  real  power  of  serving  me.     lie  did  not  recogni/o 
me  at  first,  and  in  fact  I  was  not  recognizal)Ie  ;    as  soon 
as  I  told  him  my  name,  be  lavished  marks  of  friendship 
on  me,  and    tbc    ])lcasure    avc   had   in   end)racing   each 
other  was  extreme  on  both   sides.     I   told  him   first  to 
what  I  was  bound  ;  witb  regard  to  the  Indians  he   kept 
my  promise,  and  each  one  of  oiu-  liberators  had  litfuor 
and  tobacco.     'I'lu-y  arrived  theie  oi  ly  at  ten  o'clock  in 
the  morning  ;  till  that  time   I    was     ecounting   to   Mr. 
Volant   all  that    had  happened   to  me,    and   I    insisted 
especially  on  the   fate   of  the   twenty-four   men   who 


OTF.  AK      AND     W  I  I  tl  F,  n  N  T.  3  9  . 


203 


tlio  Imp*'  Imnf  ; 
Mind    I'liilcd    us 

tlic  iiiiiin  land. 
<)  1k'  unalilc  to 
'lis  ns  had  siir- 
I'liis  fear  inado 
II  Jiicii,  with  11 
U(i  him  .1)  triant 
)  and   hrandy  to 

to  the  ricmli. 
<•  nic,  he  fiist 
••*o,  and  it  was 
atti-ntion  to  inv 
leagues  wns  too 
to  expose  us  to 
nhnut  half-i)ast 
ichfd  land.  1 
st  vhoin  I  saw 
n-cn-I,aye,  juy 
1  not  fall  into 
c  sincere  desire 

not  reeoifnizc 
;iil)le  ;  as  soon 
s  of  friendship 
nihraeinif  each 
d  him  first  to 
idians  he  kept 
irs  had  licpior 
ten  o'clock  in 
inting  to  Mr. 
ind  I  insisted 
)ur   men   who 


wprp  at  tho  wrofk.     Afy  friend  wa^  the   nrnve   fdiirlu  d 
hy  it  as  they  were  still  in  i>inn.     lie  innnediitely  fitted 
oiit  n  boat  to  go  to  tlieir  relief  and  to  discover,  if  possihle, 
^she»her  any  one  of  the   eleven   men    of  tin-   Miiall   hnat 
was  still  alive.     When  he  pot   to  the  ncii,'liIu.rhnod   nt^ 
our  shipwreck,  he  fired   several   fTtins  to  n\ake  himself 
hoard  hy  thoM«  whom   we   had    left   there  ;  at  the  sai^e 
time  he  saw  four  men  who  fell  on  their  kneex,  and  with 
clasped  hands  hepced   Idm   to  save  their   lives.     Their 
wasted  faces,  so  to  opeak,  the  sonnd  of  their  voice,  whi'  h 
told  that  they  were  on  the  hrink  of  the  prave,  and   their 
cries,  pierced  the  heart  of  Mr.  ^'ol'nt.      lie  a(1v:;i;ced  to 
them,  pave  them  some  food,  hnt  m  ith   moderation   for 
fear  of  killinp  them,  hy   overloading   their  system   s'ld- 
denlv.      In  spite  of  this  wi<e  i)recaiiti(>n,  one  of  the«c 
four  men,  named  Fenpnay,  a  ^^eton  hy  birth,  died  after 
driiikinp  a  glass  of  hrandy.     , 

Mv  friend  had  the  twenty-one  men  hnriid  who  had 
died  fiinee  we  left  them,  and  hronght  off  the  other  three 
who  had  home  np  against  hard-hip,  hunger,  and  the 
severity  of  tlir-  season  ;  they  were,  however,  fir  from 
heing  in  ])erfect  health  ;  one  of  them,  named  '1  otirrillct, 
the  master's  mate  from  the  department  of  Ihest,  was 
plightly  deranged,  and  the  other  two,  hy  name,  Thvndet 
mid  Honan,  both  from  Isle  lllie,  were  swollen  over  the 
whole  body. 

( iooil  food  and  the  care  we  took  of  them  restored 
them,  if  not  jierfectly,  at  least  enoug'  to  enable  them  ^o 
start  with  us  tor  Quebec. 

Ueturuing,  Mr.  Volant  perceived,  near  the  shore,  one 
who  seemed  to  have  been  drowned,  and  some  fragments 
of  a  canoe  ;  he  advanced  to  make  sure  of  what  he    per- 


2(M 


I'  i:  H  I  I.M     nv     r  II  K 


'■'•'»'■'':    '""M'.X    lilil.KM.M.Mllim,..,    ,.,„lr.nn,,.,l    („    .,.,. 

"'"""•'      """•    »•'*'    ""V    <>'..■    .I...,,.;    , ,.|,,„.,.„,|; 

"■"" "»" ''"Il    I<..MS.>     is.    ,|,„,     I).,,,..,. 

'"""'"■''"'■'"'"'  I  l"in;;rr.  .,s  ,„v  r,i..„.l    ■  ,n    ,,    |.„.| 

"''•''""  ^"""'    •''^•■""•'    '■' iIm-    ,1 „|„   I,    ,„,,,,,, 

"'"  ''"■>    '"'•  '""•'•->  ^ Ii'.'linn    IhI     tUu;    |,...| 

I'l'lishril  Mli-.ri.ili|\. 

I'  isMM.Irss.  I  Im.|m.,.Mo  t.•||^„M  (I,..  (,.,  line's    „|,1,|. 

"'•••v|"'H..H...|.„|„,„  „...,,„, I,.., nH.M,Mn>..„h„ 

I'.-l '-.■.,|„.,I  (•„„,.  ,1m.  .I,i|,„,.vk:    V ua  iM,.,..l....|.,w 

«"">l""'r   II    ^.iN.Unl   Im.w   lildrt,,,,.,   unrsp.ur.l. 

,     ■^''"'''    "'"■''•''>    "•"■'"«  <'.'.li   ..ihn.    I  .,.|.,.,|,|„.,„ 

'"'"   "'"^   l'."ll'..n:.M..,.,  liv..   till   ,1.,., I    |,..,v   ,,„. 

,'"'"    ''•"'    '"'■'':    ""•>     <""•'    lhal..,l,|„n,l    I .. 

''7    '•'""••'    ""    ''    1'^'"    "llli'i-T, „„.,., I ;,H.1,I,,„  ,!„. 

""""-     I':hI     Uru    .•n„s,.m,..l     hy    „),,,,    |.,M,  iM,.  ,„  |„„K 

"i;""-  "'•".  I"MImwmm.|v..s.  h,vi„^-  lM.n„n,-.|..s,i,„„.,.r 
""  '"'"'•''"■>''"'•••'"•"  III.'  V...•V^|Hu■.s,.|•,iM.i,,l,.,,,,„,| 
'•"-"■■'l.s  ..l,..r  hoiliMK  ll".-..*  ii.  sn<.w-u,.„.r,  .,,,.1  r.K.Mi,.., 
''"•"«  ""   '"'I-:    .n.l    fills    ,,.s,„in,.    hAy\w^    (ai|,.,|    ,|„,; 

7"V'"'"    '"•'"'"   ""'   ''•^"'"'''    '" ••"-  <•'■    ' "I.oii, 

''''■"''    ''^"'   '"'i'''   ""';  "".I   ll.af   .l„-v  I..„!   „„|v   ,.„,„, 
'""•  "'"■"   ^'i'-  ^'''.'''t  lu.l  .■..ni..  to  tiwir  n.li,.(" 

yoMMru..il.,h,.tllu.., iti.H.or  iIh.m.  , ,  ,;,,,,i,. 

''•"  '""  '."•'•"  '''^^  'I«P1">"I>I.'  tlun  .,ms,  a.Hl  ti„.v  l.u.l 
|H''i.;,I.s.  Mdl..n..l  iMU.I,  ,„o„.  tl,:,„  m,.,  jf  ,;,,  „;„|,,  ' 
«•  M.  tli.n.  ,1...  ,„v..s>.ity  of  ..ati,,..  tl.r  v.mt  irai.n.-nls  ,if 
tl.>-e  <o,n.a,l..s  „  l,.,n.  tl,..y  l.a.l  losf.  \v^  n.|„ain,.,l 
;"-"!>•  MX  WH-ks  at  Mi„;ra„,  ail  wi.ich  tin.,,  w..  s,„.„t 
'»  tl'.wik.n-  (iu.I  for  liavinjr  pioMTV..,!  us  a.ni.l  ..,  ,„ai,v 
Uanger.,  a.ul  we  did  not  pass  a  day  without  iniplorini 


IM    I.  A  >       A  M>      >^  II   IH.IIN  KH.^. 


y(..'i 


lllIlTIM.Icil      to       (I 

"    "111      ;i|i|M   III  il 

i''.    til.  I     ll.iili  I  I 

iriiil 


I"    .1    l.ii  i| 

'.  "  III  II  |MMM  il 
I'li'l      llirir,    li.KJ 

'•   (<'i  lili;,'-.    H  liii  II 

•  inril  .iniM'  «  ||,| 
ll:i\  illi.i;li,i'  ||ii\v 
ir  '■|viliil, 

'I  .  I  .1  I. Ill  llii'lii 
M,    .mil    liiiw    llio 

'••ill  iiikI    jiiiii'.vr 

II"',  ;iiiil  tli.il  tli(> 

lioiiililr  In  |,„,|^ 

nllir  ilislilul,.  ,,!' 

il'  llirir  ili'iciM'd 

•  T,  ;mil  ^ll;l^til|,!^ 
ill,!,'  r.iilcii.  liny 
|>I  lliiiM-  wliniii 
■kI    iiiily    iiiic  or 

•  li'iiri; 

'"••'  I r  |icu|)|(? 

.  1111(1  llicy  li;i(I, 

if  Tor  iHifhiiij^ 
IT  iriinniMils  of 

n\'    i('iii;iiii(<(l 

tillK'  Wf  SJHMlt 

iiiniil  -so  iiiaiiv 
liout  iini)loriMir 


I,;,    „„,,,^,  r.„    Il Mill    III'  I'Ml)  .ii'l.t    I'"  I'  ^^li"    '""' 

|M'li  liril     111'"'  "'II   •'lii|»"i"  ''■ 

•||„.   Sinn     \.vAn    l.ll    .1-,     iimI   •'"•••I  '•"    '•''■    •'•"• 

iMlinilin:'     f    rv    "•    •'' •"""^'-    Mil"     '"I'.  •""'■  "" 

,|„.    Mil    i.r .     "'■  •"'•l<   11..    .H.   I   M.I,  1,1    I.  MiMJl  .i..tl 

t.,    IllH (Mil..-,         •II..'    NU.I.I    U„       M,    r,IS..I..t.l.',      IImI. 

„„  ,1,..  .  w  nin-  I.r  11..  I-J>l'.  "••  I""'"'-  •^"  ^'"' 
,.„,,i/,r.l    t..   M..    ^^n   ..u;.iii  ;  H.'V    il l-M    • I  "•""•' J 

,.v,.,v  -IM'  •Mii'iiy  »^^"''  '"*  ^*''''  ''^"''  '"""'^'''  "•^ '""*'• 

,H,.|  «l.,.l  ii.i.l  l..i|.p"i.''l  tMiisall.  r...ii<l'|'^'i'""'-  W,: 
s.li.,lii..l  llir  rmi..^i<y  '.I'  tl.u..-  wI...-.-;.II.hI.i."I'"""^ 
,n;,.lr  ll.Mii  i,.I.H-l.a'  in  nil  ll.at  ''.li' M  IK'I  "-•• 

'll.r    .,..M    .l.iV.    ll.'V    r.Miv.v.l    I.,    tl..'    1..,^1.imI    ill" 

tl„r..  NiiL.is  «l...iM  Mr.  Vol.i.t  l.:..l  lo.i.Kl  ..'  till-  j.!..'.; 
„r.,nr  .l.i|.w..-k  Mr.  K.iiM.  a.i.l  I.  .snl.  .li.l,  lor  our 
,,;,tl  wlii.t  wii,  ...M.-s^arv  to  i.-^tor.-  ns  .  ..mpl.t.ly.  Ah 
Hoo„aHmvSi.pniors.,iwll.;.l    I   u.h  ;.  iinlr  Im  n-r,  lli.y 

for  a  yi'ur ;  I  tlun  ir- .iv.  .1  a  sc«on<l  oli.-li-i."- »'.  ^"•  <" 
Fn.n.'r,  I  a.ronliiitjly  <  iiilMiknl  as  .liiil.l.un,  oh  Loanl 
til.'  kin--'%  sliip,  "I..-  I{'il.i>,"  'on.i.Miiil.Ml  l.y  Mr.  I)« 
lii  .liiinairf,  ( '.ijiilaiiir  <i<'  I  l.iul-i'.ortl. 

\Vr  left  (iiirl..'.'  th.'  '.il-t  of  O,  tiili.r,  IT-JS,  alwl,  on 
tlir  ;>.l  of  DiMimlicr,  wiM-ntiMrd  I'ort  I.ooi-,  in  I'.riftai.y, 
t„  ^i^  soi.w  inovisioi.s,  for  ^M^.  wen;  niui.iii«  out.  Wo 
,,.,„aiuc.l  tl.cT..  about  twruty  .lays,  and  iHt  it  on  tho  !i!M, 
will,  tlw  ••  l''a<«»»,"  c-oinmandr.)  I,y  th.;  M.u-.ims  de 
(:iiavai?iiaf,  wlio  lamc  from  Cape  I5r."toii. 

Aliout  nudni-.'ht,  uo  au.lioi«'d  for  ahout  f wo  hours,  off 
Billc  Isle,  to  wait  for  a  wind  ;  wo  th.n  inado  s:ril  for 
llo<  hofort,  whi.h  we  readied  next  day,  and  there  ray 
duties  detained  me  till  all  was  unloaded. 


£0(1 


PRRILM    OK    TIIR 


Sorii..  .Iii>«  afUT,  r  •.fuil.'d  fur  IWU,  w!ini.  r  I  Ma-* 
■fill  1.)  |)..ii.i\,  in  ri.m.liiH.  lint.  I  n'ni.iii-,.,!,  till  rally 
111  1*10,  uhcii  I  Wa>i  iipimiiitcil  \  ii'.ir  III'  inir  CniiNMit 
of  A>»>Mii's  ill  ll.iiiiaiit.  I  III  livid  lluu- «Mi  tlu"  :,':)ili 
of  .Itiiiiuiiy,  till'  »anio  clay  tliuf  I  liail  lilt  ir,  hiMi.,.» 
yearn  In  loir.  My  .Supoiiui-,  in  Hnidin^  iiii>  t<.  ih,,t 
hoiiNo,  Kail  i-\|KTt<'(l  that  noiiu"  yi'ui-«t'  etay  in  my  riafivo 
(•(iiiiifiy  would  nunplcfrly  nMoio  iiif,  al'lrr  tlic  liaid- 
■liipn  I  had  iitid««iKoii«.  in  my  truvoU.  I  had  (otin-ivid 
till'  mime  hopo,  hut  it  tiiniod  out  qiiifi'  the  rc'vpri.i<;  niv 
ttloiiiai  h  could  no  loll^t•r  ht-ur  the  food  of  that  part  ;  I 
liad,  HO  to  ".peak,  a((|uir<'d  a  new  coiittitulioii  ;  rc'po(.t} 
wa«  injurious  fo  nu-,  and  I  had  to  actiistiuii  iiij  flf  (o  it 
gradually.  TIuh  mado  mo  nolii  it  from  my  Siipi-rioni  an 
ohcdii-mc  to  return  to  I'ariiH,  tho  air  of  which  Miitid  mo 
much  Ix'tti-r  llcui  that  of  my  province.  They  were 
kind  enough  to  f^ranl  my  ri-ciucsf,  and  when  I  was  per- 
fectly  well,  they  appointed  me  chaplain  in  the  I'lcncU 
army,  eommanded  hy  the  Marshal  .Maillchoim. 

Such,  my  dear  hiofJicr,  U  the  uecount  of  my  voyngen 
and  vhipwrerk-<.  I  hope  you  will  he  Letter  ^ati^fied 
with  it,  than  with  what  1  .sent  \oii  lliat.  Vou  may  rest 
assured,  that  l  have  stated  nofhini?  that  is  not  in  accord- 
ance with  strict  truih.  I  hope,  indeed,  that  the  rumoi-H 
which  I)e;,Mn  to  prevail,  have  M)me  foindation  ;  1  should 
soon  have  the  pleasure  of  einhi at  iii},' you  at  Frankfort, 
ami  of  proving  to  you  that  1  am,  and  !,hall  he  all  my 
life,  with  the  sineerest  Aiendshij),  dear  hrothcr, 
Your  very  affectionate;  hi  other, 

•  Emmanuel  Ckesi'ei,,  Ihculhct. 

Pwlerborn,  Jud«  18,  \1i% 


',    H  lll'llif    I    Wil* 

n.iiMcil,  tilhiiily 
III'  uiir  Cnmriit 
I'lf  oil  till'  U'.'nli 

lilt  if,  Kixtivn 
tiK  iiM>  to  iliat 
ly  ill  my  native 
iilUT  tlif  liard- 

liail  coiKrivi'd 
!«•  ruvomo}  niv 
of  that  part  ;  I 
itiition  ;  ri'|ioKU 
111  111)  cir  to  it 
ly  SiijH'iioiN  im 
Itich  ituitcd  nio 
I'lit'y  woro 
\[vn  I  vas   pcr- 

I  ill  the  French 

llOlM, 

if  my  voyages 
lii'tttr  ^ati^lieil 
\  oil  may  lext 
i  not  ill  accord- 
hat  the  runiort< 
lion  ;  I  hhoiiUl 

II  at  riaiikrort, 
>hall  he  all  my 
other, 

I.,  Ittculhct. 


. 


'  ^ 


r 


r 


